Nutrition in Plants and Animals
[Pages:1]Life ProcesLsiefse-PNrouctreistisoens i-nEPxlcarnetsioannd Animals
Nutrition: Obtaining or providing food for gaining energy for cell
growth, cell repair etc.
Plants are autotrophs (prepare Animals are heterotrophs
own food by photosynthesis) (depend on others for food)
Chlorophyll: Green pigment present in chloroplast, traps solar energy
Oxygen Sunlight
Animals obtain nutrition through digestion, it is the process where complex food substances are broken down into simpler food molecules.
Types of Heterotrophic Nutrition
Holozoic
Carbon dioxide
Chloroplast Glucose
Organisms feed by ingesting solid organic matter which is then digested and absorbed in the body Eg.: Human
Water
Saprophytic
Types of Autotrphic Nutrition
Photo-autotrophic nutrition Sunlight is the energy source Chemo-autotrophic nutrition Chemicals are the energy source
Feed on dead and decaying matter, food digested externally and the nutrients are absorbed Eg.: Fungi
Parasitic Lives in or on the body of the host and draw nutrients from host Eg.: Tapeworm
Human Digestive System
Oral Cavity
Liver Gallbladder
Pancreas
Oesophagus Stomach
Anus
Large intestine
Small intestine
Villi
Body Part
Rectum
Process of Digestion
Importance
Enzymes Enzyme action
Mouth Oesophagus
? Teeth help in chewing and Saliva has
masticating the food
Amylase
? Salivary glands produce
saliva that is mixed with
food to make it soft
? Peristaltic movements
_
push down food to stomach
Acts on carbohydrates or starch
_
Stomach Small intestine
Large intestine
? Releases gastric juices and enzymes - mucus, pepsin in inactive form, HCl
? Pancreas and liver release pancreatic juice and bile respectively
? Finger-like projections called villi, help in absorption of digested food
? Water absorbed from undigested food
Rectum and Anus ? Undigested food stored in rectum, ejected out through anus
Pepsin Trypsin, Amylase, Lipase
_ _
Acts on protein part of food Digestion of proteins, carbohydrates and fats
_ _
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