A Word from the Intelligence Community

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A Word from the Intelligence Community Information Sharing Executive

As the Intelligence Community Information Sharing Executive, I am honored to lead the Intelligence Community's (IC) efforts to continue to improve information sharing and safeguarding activities. Along with the IC senior leadership team, I am committed to achieving results that build on past successes and best positions the IC for the future. The IC's efforts to optimize the sharing of information are enabled by maximizing and integrating our sharing and safeguarding capabilities, strengthening our governance framework to address legal and policy challenges, and promoting a culture of responsible information sharing. All of us in the IC, wherever we sit, have a stake in and a responsibility to improve responsible and secure information sharing. I am pleased to sponsor the new hard copy version of U.S. National Intelligence - An Overview, which I believe will help people across the Government better understand and navigate the IC, leading to improved collaboration and coordination between and with the IC and with the rest of the Federal Government. In today's world where so much is done virtually, it is refreshing to know there still is a need for books! Sincerely,

Corin Stone Intelligence Community Information Sharing Executive

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The United States Government has the solemn obligation, and shall continue in the conduct

of intelligence activities . . . to protect fully the legal rights of all United States persons,

including freedoms, civil liberties, and privacy rights guaranteed by Federal law.

- Executive Order 12333.

Protecting civil liberties and privacy in the conduct of intelligence activities is a critical part of the IC's mission. As a community of professionals, we understand that security and liberty go hand in hand. Indeed, in taking the oath of office--to support and defend the Constitution of the United States--we all acknowledge that our duties require that as we safeguard the national security of the United States, we also protect civil liberties and privacy.

At all levels within the community, the IC is committed to exemplifying America's values. The Civil Liberties Protection Officer within the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), along with senior officials for civil liberties and privacy in IC elements, Offices of General Counsel, Offices of Inspectors General, and all branches of government work together to ensure that the policies and programs of the IC, comply with the rule of law, and protect civil liberties and privacy. In addition to the personal commitment of every intelligence officer, this expansive network of oversight and compliance mechanisms ensures that IC officers are able to fully perform their duties: to protect our country and to protect the fundamental freedoms upon which our country stands.

Alexander W. Joel ODNI Civil Liberties Protection Officer

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Table of Contents

INTELLIGENCE OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................. VII Defining and Using Intelligence....................................................................................................................... 1 What is the Intelligence Community?............................................................................................................. 1 The Six Steps in the Intelligence Cycle............................................................................................................ 4

INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY MEMBERS............................................................................................... 7 Office of the Director of National Intelligence................................................................................................ 9 Central Intelligence Agency........................................................................................................................... 12 Defense Intelligence Agency......................................................................................................................... 14 National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency...................................................................................................... 16 National Reconnaissance Office ................................................................................................................... 16 National Security Agency.............................................................................................................................. 17 Department of Energy, Office of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence........................................................ 18 Department of Homeland Security, Office of Intelligence and Analysis....................................................... 19 Coast Guard.................................................................................................................................................. 21 Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration........................................................................... 22 Office of National Security Intelligence......................................................................................................... 23 Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation............................................................................... 23 Department of State, Bureau of Intelligence and Research.......................................................................... 24 Department of the Treasury, Office of Intelligence and Analysis.................................................................. 25 Army.............................................................................................................................................................. 25 Navy.............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Air Force........................................................................................................................................................ 27 Marine Corps................................................................................................................................................ 28

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REQUIREMENTS, PLANNING, AND DIRECTION.................................................................................. 29 What Intelligence Can (and Cannot) Do........................................................................................................ 31 Who Uses U.S. Intelligence?.......................................................................................................................... 33 Intelligence Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Evaluation ................................................................. 37 Acquisition/Science and Technology: Delivering Technical Capabilities........................................................ 38 Intelligence Community Requirements Processes........................................................................................ 39 Collections Management Overview.............................................................................................................. 40 Prioritizing Intelligence Issues: The National Intelligence Priorities Framework.......................................... 42

COLLECTION, PROCESSING, AND EXPLOITATION............................................................................... 43 Sources of Intelligence.................................................................................................................................. 45 MASINT......................................................................................................................................................... 45 HUMINT........................................................................................................................................................ 45 GEOINT.......................................................................................................................................................... 46 OSINT............................................................................................................................................................ 46 SIGINT........................................................................................................................................................... 47 Processing and Exploitation.......................................................................................................................... 48

ANALYSIS, PRODUCTION, AND FEEDBACK......................................................................................... 49 Analysis and Production................................................................................................................................ 51 Estimative Language ..................................................................................................................................... 51 Analytic Products.......................................................................................................................................... 52 Classification................................................................................................................................................. 53 Review and Release...................................................................................................................................... 55

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ORGANIZATIONAL OVERSIGHT AND INFORMATION SHARING......................................................... 57 Joint Intelligence Community Council........................................................................................................... 59 Legislative Oversight..................................................................................................................................... 60 National Security Council.............................................................................................................................. 60 President's Intelligence Advisory Board........................................................................................................ 61 Office of the Inspector General..................................................................................................................... 61 Financial Management and Oversight.......................................................................................................... 62 Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity ............................................................................................. 62 Civil Liberties and Privacy Office................................................................................................................... 62 Intelligence Community Information Sharing Executive Mission.................................................................. 63 Program Manager for the Information Sharing Environment (PM-ISE)........................................................ 64

CAREERS IN THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY................................................................................... 65 The Benefits of Working in the IC................................................................................................................. 67

REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................ 69 Glossary of Terms ......................................................................................................................................... 71 Acronyms and Abbreviations........................................................................................................................ 77 Resources...................................................................................................................................................... 82 Laws and Policies Governing the IC .............................................................................................................. 86 Office of the Director of National Intelligence Office of General Counsel Legal Reference Book................. 86 Subject Index................................................................................................................................................. 89

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Intelligence Overview

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