JDBC Developer's Guide - Oracle

[Pages:54]Oracle? Database

JDBC Developer's Guide

19c

E96471-09 December 2021

Oracle Database JDBC Developer's Guide, 19c

E96471-09

Copyright ? 1999, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Primary Author: Tulika Das

Contributing Authors: Brian Martin, Venkatasubramaniam Iyer, Elizabeth Hanes Perry, Brian Wright, Thomas Pfaeffle

Contributors: Kuassi Mensah, Douglas Surber, Paul Lo, Ed Shirk, Tong Zhou, Jean de Lavarene, Rajkumar Irudayaraj, Ashok Shivarudraiah, Angela Barone, Rosie Chen, Sunil Kunisetty, Joyce Yang, Mehul Bastawala, Luxi Chidambaran, Vidya Nayak, Srinath Krishnaswamy, Swati Rao, Pankaj Chand, Aman Manglik, Longxing Deng, Magdi Morsi, Ron Peterson, Ekkehard Rohwedder, Catherine Wong, Scott Urman, Jerry Schwarz, Steve Ding, Soulaiman Htite, Anthony Lai, Prabha Krishna, Ellen Siegal, Susan Kraft, Sheryl Maring

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Contents

Preface

Audience

xxiv

Documentation Accessibility

xxiv

Related Documents

xxiv

Conventions

xxv

Changes in This Release for Oracle Database JDBC Developer's Guide

Changes in Oracle Database 19c

xxx

Part I Overview

1 Introducing JDBC

1.1 Overview of Oracle JDBC Drivers

1-1

1.2 Choosing the Appropriate Driver

1-3

1.3 Feature Differences Between JDBC OCI and Thin Drivers

1-4

1.4 Environments and Support

1-4

1.4.1 Supported JDK and JDBC Versions

1-5

1.4.2 JNI and Java Environments

1-5

1.4.3 JDBC and IDEs

1-5

1.5 Feature List

1-5

2 Getting Started

2.1 Version Compatibility for Oracle JDBC Drivers

2-1

2.2 Verifying a JDBC Client Installation

2-2

2.2.1 Checking the Installed Directories and Files

2-3

2.2.2 Checking the Environment Variables

2-4

2.2.3 Ensuring that the Java Code Can Be Compiled and Run

2-5

2.2.4 Determining the Version of the JDBC Driver

2-5

2.2.5 Testing the JDBC and Database Connection

2-6

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2.3 Basic Steps in JDBC 2.3.1 Importing Packages 2.3.2 Opening a Connection to a Database 2.3.3 Creating a Statement Object 2.3.4 Running a Query and Retrieving a Result Set Object 2.3.5 Processing the Result Set Object 2.3.6 Closing the Result Set and Statement Objects 2.3.7 Making Changes to the Database 2.3.8 About Committing Changes 2.3.8.1 Changing Commit Behavior 2.3.9 Closing the Connection

2.4 Sample: Connecting, Querying, and Processing the Results 2.5 Support for Invisible Columns 2.6 Support for Verifying JSON Data 2.7 Support for Implicit Results 2.8 Support for Lightweight Connection Validation 2.9 Support for Deprioritization of Database Nodes 2.10 Support for Oracle Connection Manager in Traffic Director Mode

2.10.1 Modes of Running Oracle Connection Manager in Traffic Director Mode 2.10.2 Benefits of Oracle Connection Manager in Traffic Director Mode 2.10.3 Restrictions for Oracle Connection Manager in Traffic Director Mode 2.11 Support for Memoptimized Rowstore Fast Ingest 2.12 Stored Procedure Calls in JDBC Programs 2.12.1 PL/SQL Stored Procedures 2.12.2 Java Stored Procedures 2.13 About Processing SQL Exceptions

Part II Oracle JDBC

3 JDBC Standards Support

3.1 Support for JDBC 2.0 Standard 3.1.1 Data Type Support 3.1.2 Standard Feature Support 3.1.3 Extended Feature Support 3.1.4 Standard versus Oracle Performance Enhancement APIs

3.2 Support for JDBC 3.0 Standard 3.2.1 Overview of Transaction Savepoints 3.2.1.1 About Creating a Savepoint 3.2.1.2 About Rolling Back to a Savepoint 3.2.1.3 About Releasing a Savepoint

2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-10 2-10 2-11 2-11 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-15 2-16 2-18 2-19 2-21 2-23 2-23 2-24 2-25 2-27 2-27 2-28 2-28 2-29 2-29

3-1 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-3 3-3 3-4 3-4

iv

3.2.1.4 About Checking Savepoint Support 3.2.1.5 Savepoint Notes 3.2.2 Retrieval of Auto-Generated Keys 3.2.2.1 java.sql.Statement 3.2.2.2 Sample Code 3.2.2.3 Limitations of Auto-Generated Keys 3.2.3 JDBC 3.0 LOB Interface Methods 3.2.4 Result Set Holdability 3.3 Support for JDBC 4.0 Standard 3.3.1 Wrapper Pattern Support 3.3.2 SQLXML Type 3.3.3 Enhanced Exception Hierarchy and SQLException 3.3.4 The RowId Data Type 3.3.5 LOB Creation 3.3.6 National Language Character Set Support 3.4 Support for JDBC 4.1 Standard 3.4.1 setClientInfo Method 3.4.2 getObject Method 3.5 Support for JDBC 4.2 Standard

4 Oracle Extensions

4.1 Overview of Oracle Extensions 4.2 Features of the Oracle Extensions

4.2.1 Database Management Using JDBC 4.2.2 Support for Oracle Data Types 4.2.3 Support for Oracle Objects 4.2.4 Support for Schema Naming 4.2.5 DML Returning 4.2.6 PL/SQL Associative Arrays 4.3 Oracle JDBC Packages 4.3.1 Package oracle.sql 4.3.2 Package oracle.jdbc 4.4 Oracle Character Data Types Support 4.4.1 SQL CHAR Data Types 4.4.2 SQL NCHAR Data Types 4.4.3 Class oracle.sql.CHAR 4.5 Additional Oracle Type Extensions 4.5.1 Oracle ROWID Type 4.5.2 Oracle REF CURSOR Type Category 4.5.3 Oracle BINARY_FLOAT and BINARY_DOUBLE Types

3-4 3-4 3-4 3-5 3-5 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-10 3-10 3-10 3-11 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14

4-1 4-1 4-2 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-4 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-10 4-10 4-10 4-10 4-11 4-14 4-14 4-15 4-17

v

4.5.4 Oracle SYS.ANYTYPE and SYS.ANYDATA Types 4.5.5 The oracle.jdbc Package

4.5.5.1 Interface oracle.jdbc.OracleConnection 4.5.5.2 Interface oracle.jdbc.OracleStatement 4.5.5.3 Interface oracle.jdbc.OraclePreparedStatement 4.5.5.4 Interface oracle.jdbc.OracleCallableStatement 4.5.5.5 Interface oracle.jdbc.OracleResultSet 4.5.5.6 Interface oracle.jdbc.OracleResultSetMetaData 4.5.5.7 Class oracle.jdbc.OracleTypes 4.6 DML Returning 4.6.1 Oracle-Specific APIs 4.6.2 About Running DML Returning Statements 4.6.3 Example of DML Returning 4.6.4 Limitations of DML Returning 4.7 Accessing PL/SQL Associative Arrays

5 Features Specific to JDBC Thin

5.1 Overview of JDBC Thin Client 5.2 Additional Features Supported

5.2.1 Default Support for Native XA 5.2.2 Support for Transaction Guard 5.2.3 Support for Application Continuity

6 Features Specific to JDBC OCI Driver

6.1 OCI Connection Pooling 6.2 Transparent Application Failover 6.3 OCI Native XA 6.4 OCI Instant Client

6.4.1 Overview of Instant Client 6.4.2 OCI Instant Client Shared Libraries 6.4.3 Benefits of Instant Client 6.4.4 JDBC OCI Instant Client Installation Process 6.4.5 Usage of Instant Client 6.4.6 About Patching Instant Client Shared Libraries 6.4.7 Regeneration of Data Shared Library and ZIP files 6.4.8 Database Connection Names for OCI Instant Client 6.4.9 Environment Variables for OCI Instant Client 6.5 About Instant Client Light (English) 6.5.1 Data Shared Library for Instant Client Light (English)

4-18 4-21 4-23 4-23 4-24 4-24 4-25 4-25 4-25 4-27 4-28 4-29 4-29 4-30 4-31

5-1 5-1 5-1 5-2 5-2

6-1 6-1 6-1 6-2 6-2 6-2 6-3 6-3 6-5 6-5 6-6 6-6 6-9 6-9 6-10

vi

6.5.2 6.5.3 6.5.4

Globalization Settings Operation Installing Instant Client Light (English)

6-10 6-11 6-11

7 Server-Side Internal Driver

7.1 Overview of the Server-Side Internal Driver

7-1

7.2 Connecting to the Database

7-1

7.3 About Session and Transaction Context

7-3

7.4 Testing JDBC on the Server

7-4

7.5 Loading an Application into the Server

7-4

7.5.1 Using the Loadjava Utility

7-4

7.5.2 Using the JVM Command Line

7-6

Part III Connection and Security

8 Data Sources and URLs

8.1 About Data Sources 8.1.1 Overview of Oracle Data Source Support for JNDI 8.1.2 Features and Properties of Data Sources 8.1.3 Creating a Data Source Instance and Connecting 8.1.4 Creating a Data Source Instance, Registering with JNDI, and Connecting 8.1.5 Supported Connection Properties 8.1.6 About Using Roles for SYS Login 8.1.7 Configuring Database Remote Login 8.1.8 Using Bequeath Connection and SYS Logon 8.1.9 Setting Properties for Oracle Performance Extensions 8.1.10 Support for Network Data Compression

8.2 Database URLs and Database Specifiers 8.2.1 Support for Internet Protocol Version 6 8.2.2 Support for HTTPS Proxy Configuration 8.2.3 Database Specifiers 8.2.4 Thin-style Service Name Syntax 8.2.5 Support for Delay in Connection Retries 8.2.6 TNSNames Alias Syntax 8.2.7 LDAP Syntax

9 JDBC Client-Side Security Features

9.1 Support for IAM Token-Based Authentication in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

8-1 8-1 8-2 8-5 8-5 8-7 8-7 8-7 8-9 8-9 8-10 8-11 8-11 8-12 8-12 8-13 8-14 8-14 8-15

9-2

vii

9.2 Support for Oracle Advanced Security 9.2.1 Overview of Oracle Advanced Security 9.2.2 JDBC OCI Driver Support for Oracle Advanced Security 9.2.3 JDBC Thin Driver Support for Oracle Advanced Security

9.3 Support for Login Authentication 9.4 Support for Strong Authentication 9.5 Support for Network Encryption and Integrity

9.5.1 Overview of JDBC Support for Network Encryption and Integrity 9.5.2 JDBC OCI Driver Support for Encryption and Integrity 9.5.3 JDBC Thin Driver Support for Encryption and Integrity 9.5.4 Setting Encryption and Integrity Parameters in Java 9.6 Support for SSL 9.6.1 Overview of JDBC Support for SSL 9.6.2 About Managing Certificates and Wallets 9.6.3 About Keys and certificates containers 9.6.4 Database Connectivity Over TLS Version 1.2 Using JDBC Thin and JKS 9.6.5 Automatic SSL Connection Configuration

9.6.5.1 Provider Resolution 9.6.5.2 Automatic Key Store Type (KSS) Resolution 9.6.6 Support for Default SSL Context 9.6.7 Support for Key Store Service 9.7 Support for Kerberos 9.7.1 Overview of JDBC Support for Kerberos 9.7.2 Configuring Windows to Use Kerberos 9.7.3 Configuring Oracle Database to Use Kerberos 9.7.4 Code Example for Using Kerberos 9.8 Support for RADIUS 9.8.1 Overview of JDBC Support for RADIUS 9.8.2 Configuring Oracle Database to Use RADIUS 9.8.3 Code Example for Using RADIUS 9.9 About Secure External Password Store

10 Proxy Authentication

10.1 About Proxy Authentication 10.2 Types of Proxy Connections 10.3 Creating Proxy Connections 10.4 Closing a Proxy Session 10.5 Caching Proxy Connections 10.6 Limitations of Proxy Connections

9-5 9-5 9-6 9-7 9-8 9-8 9-9 9-9 9-10 9-11 9-12 9-14 9-14 9-16 9-16 9-16 9-17 9-17 9-18 9-19 9-19 9-20 9-20 9-20 9-21 9-22 9-26 9-27 9-27 9-28 9-29

10-1 10-2 10-3 10-5 10-5 10-6

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