Drug
THE NEED-TO-KNOW ANTIMICROBIALS
Yearly update by Rho Chi
Class of 2008
University of Washington School of Pharmacy
Autumn Quarter, 2006
|Generic name |AMOXICILLIN |
|Proprietary name |Amoxil, Polymox |
|Class (generation) |Aminopenicillin |
|MOA (bactericidal/bacteriostatic) |Binds to PBPs to inhibit cell wall synthesis, bactericidal |
|Spectrum (Gm+, Gm-, anaerobes) |Gram +: streptococci, Enterococcus, but NOT S. aureus |
| |Gram - : only a few (E. coli, Proteus spp, a few others)…lots of |
| |resistance |
| |No below-the-diaphragm anaerobic activity |
|DOC for which diseases |AOM, ABS, prophylaxis of endocarditis before dental, esophageal, |
| |and upper respiratory procedures |
|Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion |Absorbed well from GI tract; widely distributed in tissues |
| |(especially inflamed tissue); renal excretion |
|PD (time vs. concentration dependent killing) |Time-dependent |
|Side effects (what, how common, monitoring) |Diarrhea--common, call MD if excessive, blood in stool or |
| |abdominal cramping |
|Allergies |Possible anaphylaxis or rash |
|Drug interactions |Not common |
|Dose (renal/hepatic failure, obesity) |AOM: 90mg/kg/day, div BID x 10 days |
| |ABS mild/moderate, w/out recent abx: 1 g TID x 10 days |
| |Endocarditis prophylaxis: 2 g po x 1 hr before appt. |
| |CrCl 10-50 mL/min: Give q8-12h |
| |50-90 same, CrCl 10-50: q6-12h, CrCl ................
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