Round 12



2—Round TWO—2—Round TWO—2

ROUND

TWO

2—Round TWO—2—Round TWO—2

Related Tossup/Bonus Round

Tossup One. In cardiac muscle, an influx of this ion from the extracellular space induces the release of intracellular stores of the same ion to effect muscle contraction. For 10 points, name this metallic element which composes about two percent of the human body, mainly stored in bones.

ANSWER: calcium

BONUS. Answer these other questions on calcium for 10 points each.

• Calcium is found in the periodic table in Group two A, using the old nomenclature, meaning it is classified as this type of metal.

ANSWER: alkaline earth [do not accept “alkali” or “alkaline”]

• Calcium’s hydrated sulfate is a mineral widely used in jewelry and ornamentation. Name this mineral, which is the basis for various plasters and alabaster.

ANSWER: gypsum (or selenite; or satin spar; or gypsite)

Tossup Two. The lawn must be at least forty yards square, divided into six rinks of eighteen to twenty-one feet in width. A game lasts for between ten and fourteen “ends”. Each player rolls a colored ball at a target in an effort to land it closer than the other players’. For 10 points, name this Italian lawn bowling game.

ANSWER: bocce (BAH-chee) [accept boules; accept petanque]

BONUS. Name these other Italian things for 10 points each.

• This northeastern city, which became part of Italy in 1866, is known as the “Queen of the Adriatic”. Landmarks include St. Mark’s Square, The Doge’s Palace, and the Bridge of Sighs.

ANSWER: Venice

• The wool for their uniforms was bought at a cut rate from the government of Uruguay, hence the name of this army of Italian unification led by Garibaldi.

ANSWER: the Redshirts

Tossup Three. He left school at fourteen and fought in the Spanish-American War. He later went to Chicago, where he published works depicting characters such as George Willard and a pathetic chicken farmer. For 10 points, name this author of Marching Man, The Triumph of the Egg, and Winesburg, Ohio.

ANSWER: Sherwood Anderson

BONUS. Sherwood Anderson based Winesburg on the real town of Clyde, Ohio, where he grew up. Answer these questions on various Clydes for 10 points each.

• With Bonnie Parker, he robbed gas stations, restaurants, and banks throughout the southwest before being ambushed near Gibsland, Louisiana.

ANSWER: Clyde Barrow

• At 106 miles, the River Clyde runs through this Scottish city.

ANSWER: Glasgow

Tossup Four. “I pressed the fire control...and ahead of me rockets blazed through the sky,” is the caption of this 1963 painting. On the left, an American fighter pilot is destroying an enemy plane. As the plane goes down, the title of the painting is written across the sky. For 10 points, name this work by Roy Lichtenstein.

ANSWER: Whaam!

BONUS. Perhaps you saw it coming a mile away. Answer the following about the seminal 80’s band Wham! for the stated number of points.

• For 5 points each, name the two members of Wham!

ANSWER: George Michael and Andrew Ridgeley

• For 10 points, name the Wham! hit which is set to a “jitterbug” rhythm.

ANSWER: “Wake Me Up, Before You Go-Go“ [prompt on Wake me up]

Tossup Five. He starred for Princeton in the 1960’s, taking them to the Final Four. With the New York Knicks, he helped lead his team to the 1969-1970 NBA title. For 10 points, name this man who hung up his high-tops, only to become a senator from New Jersey, and then a candidate for the Democratic Presidential nomination for the year 2000.

ANSWER: Bill Bradley

BONUS. For 10 points each identify these people who also traded in their athletic endeavors for other lines of work.

• This Supreme Court justice once led the NFL in rushing with the Chicago Bears.

ANSWER: Byron White

• This former Seattle Seahawk retired as the NFL’s reception leader and then moved on to represent Oklahoma in the House of Representatives.

ANSWER: Steve Largent

Tossup Six. He led the teams which composed the Pioneer plaque and the Voyager record as messages to aliens. One of the originators of the theory of nuclear winter, he spent much of his later life advocating disarmament. For 10 points, name this popular scientist, the author of Contact and Cosmos.

ANSWER: Carl Sagan

BONUS. Identify these things discovered or invented by Carl Sagan for 10 points each.

• Svante Arrhenius (SVAN-tay ahr-EE-nee-us) first proposed a form of this environmental condition, but Sagan refined and explained it in order to explain the unexpectedly high temperatures on Venus.

ANSWER: the greenhouse effect

• Sagan and Joshua Lederberg created this scientific discipline, which searches for life on other planets and develops theories about such life.

ANSWER: exobiology

Tossup Seven. It is bordered by Mali, Niger, Benin, Togo, Ghana, and the Ivory Coast. After a series of outright dictators, it is now ruled by President Blaise Compaoré. For 10 points, name this nation that in 1984 changed its name to a phrase meaning “land of upright men” from its colonial name of Upper Volta.

ANSWER: Burkina Faso

BONUS. Answer the following about current events in Africa.

• This nation was victimized in February 2000 by a horrible series of storms.

ANSWER: Popular Republic of Mozambique

• This Egyptian President received legislative permission, in February 2000, to continue the state of emergency which has existed since the 1981 assassination of his predecessor.

ANSWER: Hosni Mubarak

Tossup Eight. It focused on major economic and military centers such as Hue, Khesanh, and Saigon. Vo Nguyen Giap planned it to coincide with a lunar holiday of importance to both sides. For 10 points, identify this strike which began on January 30, 1968, a psychological turning point of the Vietnam War.

ANSWER: Tet Offensive

BONUS. The U.S. never officially declared war on France at the end of the eighteenth century, either. Identify the following events that brought the two nations to unofficial arms.

• In this 1797 incident, three members of the Directory demanded a bribe from a mission sent to improve US-France relations.

ANSWER: XYZ Affair

• Franco-American relations were sour prior to the XYZ Affair because France had taken umbrage at this 1794 treaty, in which Britain promised to remove troops from the Northwest Territories.

ANSWER: Jay’s Treaty

Tossup Nine. Catherine de Medici declared this plant the “Herba Regina” after it apparently relieved her of her migraine headaches. Other early users also achieved very favorable results such as in healing wounds or controlling the growth of tumors. For 10 points, name this plant which was introduced to France by diplomat Jean Nicot.

ANSWER: Tobacco [or nicotiana tabacum]

BONUS. At the latest American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting, preliminary studies revealed that nicotine patches can be beneficial to treating certain illnesses. Name these illnesses from clues for 10 points each.

• Patients of this degenerative neurological disease who were treated with nicotine were found to be less anxious, were more mentally attentive, and had better control of their bodies. Name this disease that affects millions of people such as Michael J. Fox.

ANSWER: Parkinson’s Disease

• Nicotine in combination with drugs used to treat this syndrome helps patients control various tics, rages, and blurted obscenities.

ANSWER: Tourette’s Syndrome

Tossup Ten. Egeon can’t pay ransom to be released from arrest in Ephesus, but tells a sad story to Solinus about how Egeon raised a separated twin in Syracuse and gets a reprieve. Of course, the other separated identically-named twin lives in Ephesus. For 10 points, name this Shakespearean play about two Antipholuses and two Dromios in a situation of mistaken identity.

ANSWER: The Comedy of Errors

BONUS. Dante is guided by several individuals in his Commedia. For 10 points each:

• Dante is led through Heaven and Hell by this Latin author of the Aeneid.

ANSWER: Publius Vergilius Maro

• Mr. Aligheri is led through the nine levels of Paradise by this woman, to whom Dante dedicated most of his poetry.

ANSWER: Beatrice

SCORE CHECK

DISTRIBUTE LISTS OF AVAILABLE CATEGORY QUIZ BONI TO BOTH TEAMS NOW

Category Quiz Tossups

Tossup One. In rural Maine, Homer Wells, an orphan, becomes an apprentice to Dr. Wilbur Larch, the director of an orphanage, who also performs illegal abortions. For 10 points, name this 1994 John Irving book that delicately addresses various moral questions, turned into an Oscar-nominated 1999 film.

ANSWER: The Cider House Rules

Tossup Two. In the late 1840’s at the Ecole Normale in Paris he focused on both physics and chemistry. For 10 points, name this founder of the science of microbiology, who also proved the germ theory of disease and developed a vaccine for rabies.

ANSWER: Louis Pasteur

Tossup Three. The aggregate demand curve shifts if and only if the quantity of money changes. The supply curve is a vertical line. Such statements, along with “the velocity of money is stable”, are endorsed by this school of economics. For 10 points, name this school founded on the works of Milton Friedman.

ANSWER: monetarism [accept neo-classicism or new classicism; prompt on classicism or equivalents]

Tossup Four. Sweeney Agonistes. The Family Reunion. The Elder Statesman. The Confidential Clerk. The Celestial Party. For 10 points, name the author of these plays as well as Murder in the Cathedral and the poem The Wasteland.

ANSWER: Thomas Stearns Eliot

Tossup Five. The creation of man, the virgin birth of Christ, and the resurrection are all cited in its “creed” which all students and faculty recite daily. For 10 points, name this 73-year-old Greenville, South Carolina-based institution under fire for its anti-Catholic positions and denounced by various Presidential contenders.

ANSWER: Bob Jones University [laugh if anyone actually says “Furman University”]

Tossup Six. Wilfred Owen’s War Requiem, Thomas Mann’s Death in Venice, Henry James’s The Turn of the Screw, and Herman Melville’s Billy Budd were all adapted as musical works by him. For 10 points, name this man who also composed Peter Grimes and “The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra”.

ANSWER: Benjamin Edward Britten

Tossup Seven. Rebels in this country have been fighting for a homeland separate from the majority Sinhalese since 1983. The Tamil rebels call themselves Black Tigers and are known for recruiting women to fight alongside men in fierce, brutal guerilla attacks. For 10 points, name this island nation off the coast of southeast India.

ANSWER: Sri Lanka

Tossup Eight. This religious work has two main parts—the Mishna, or the oral law, and the Gemara, which is a commentary on the Mishna. Other parts include the legal section called the Halakah and the Aggada, devoted to legends and stories. For 10 points, name this compilation of Jewish rabbinical teachings and oral law.

ANSWER: Talmud

Category Quiz Boni

American History: Politicians Exposed

While Treasury Secretary Benjamin Bristow exposed it and 238 people were indicted, many high-ranking accomplices, including Vice-President Schuyler Colfax, were never prosecuted. For 15 points, name this 1870s tax-evasion scandal centered in a St. Louis distillery.

ANSWER: The Whiskey Ring

American Literature: Characters in Cleveland that are not Howard the Duck

When her brother is arrested for stealing coal, Senator George Brander arranges his release. Her gratitude results in bearing a daughter named Vesta, being forced out of her home by her father, and working as a maid for the Bracebridges of Cleveland. For 15 points, name this title character of a 1911 novel by Theodore Dreiser.

ANSWER: Jennie Gerhardt

Art: Things That Really Shouldn’t Go Together

One of its proponents said that it is “as beautiful as the chance meeting on a dissecting table of a sewing machine and an umbrella.” For 15 points, identify this art movement, born of Dada and Freud, which attempted to portray the subconscious and was noted for non-pipes and melting clocks.

ANSWER: surrealism

Language: Write Me a Letter

In geography, it is the former name of the Republic of Montenegro. In physics, it is the symbol for the measure of electrophoretic motility. In mathematics, it defines a function such that the nth derivative of that function is returned. For 15 points, identify this letter, the sixth of the Greek alphabet.

ANSWER: zeta

Mathematics: Beat the Stuffin’

Pencil and paper ready. Alice the usher can stuff five hundred programs in fifty minutes. Bobby and Clarissa are ushers who together can stuff five hundred programs in thirty-one point two five minutes. Dave, however, can only stuff four programs a minute. For 15 points, if all four ushers work together constantly at these rates, within one minute to a precision of zero point one minutes, tell how long it will take for them to stuff five hundred programs. Bounceback, if any, will be immediate. You have thirty seconds.

ANSWER: 16.7 minutes [accept 15.6 minutes to 17.7 minutes]

Physical Sciences: Electron Physics

In a molecule of methane, the outermost electrons are arranged in a tetrahedral three-dimensional pattern. For 15 points, give the specific name for the hybrid of electron orbital these valence electrons assume.

ANSWER: sp3 (s p 3)

Religion, Mythology, & Philosophy: Girls (and Boys) Just Wanna Have Fun

For 15 points, what is the name of the concept defined as the belief that behavior is primarily motivated by one’s avoidance of pain and its constant pursuit of pleasure?

ANSWER: Hedonism

Social Science: Abuse of Vocabulary

This is the economic term most frequently used in the mass media. Complaints about this event include increases in deadweight cost and market uncertainty. For 15 points, name this term defined as a sustained rise in the general price level, also used in reference to tires and balloons.

ANSWER: inflation

World History: We Are Not Alone

Irish-Gaelic for “ourselves alone”, this group was founded by Arthur Griffith in 1905. For 15 points, name this group of nationalistic Irish Catholic group, the political mouthpiece of the Irish Republican Army.

ANSWER: Sinn Fein (shin fain)

World Literature: Authors of Note

He directed the Ibadan School of Drama and founded the Masks and Orisun Repertory theater companies to promote the dramatic arts in his native land. For 15 points, name this Nigerian author of Poems from Prison and The Lion and the Jewel, the winner of the 1986 Nobel Prize in Literature.

ANSWER: Akinwande Oluwole Soyinka

Stretch Round

Tossup One. Calculated as a point on the conic’s distance from a focus divided by the point’s distance from the directrix, it is zero for a circle, greater than zero but less than one for an ellipse, one for a parabola, and greater than one for a hyperbola. For 10 points—name this mathematical quantity that shares its name with a odd behavioral qualities.

ANSWER: eccentricity

BONUS. For 10 points each, name these musical instruments.

• Orchestras tune to this double-reeded woodwind’s A.

ANSWER: oboe

• It is the tuba’s tenor counterpart, principally used in marching bands and for solos.

ANSWER: euphonium

• The horizontal strings of this keyboard instrument were struck by brass wedges. Too soft for use in concert with other instruments, it was abandoned in favor of the harpsichord and piano.

ANSWER: clavichord

Tossup Two. She published the autobiography The Life I’ve Led in 1955. That life included two selections to the girls’ All-America team while a high school basketball player and gold medals in the javelin throw and eighty-meter dash in the 1932 Olympics. For 10 points—name this athlete, also the victor in eighty-two golf tournaments.

ANSWER: Mildred Ella “Babe” Didrikson Zaharias [accept Mildred Ella “Babe” Didrikson Zaharias]

BONUS. Answer these questions on the Federal Reserve System for 10 points each.

• The system was established by the passage of the Federal Reserve Act, which occurred in this year.

ANSWER: 1913

• This is the number of regions in the Federal Reserve System.

ANSWER: twelve

• Each of the members of the Board of Governors may serve only one full term spanning this many years.

ANSWER: fourteen

Tossup Three. The oldest written records of an Indo-European language contain the tongue of this agricultural people, who may have been the first civilization to use iron. For 10 points—name this ancient civilization at its height between the eighteenth and fourteenth centuries BCE, located in present-day Turkey and Syria.

ANSWER: Hittites

BONUS. For 10 points for the first clue, or 5 points if you need a second, with a potential bounceback after each clue, identify the Geocities neighborhood from brief descriptions.

• 10: Education-related web sites that are not associated with life at colleges and universities usually reside here.

5: It also names an ancient Greek city that is slated to host the 2004 Summer Olympics.

ANSWER: Athens

• 10: Science fiction and fantasy fans are usually entertained in this neighborhood .

5: It is named for a place in Nevada, thought to have high interest for extraterrestrials.

ANSWER: Area 51

• 10: This neighborhood’s web pages center on women’s lifestyle issues.

5: It shares its name with the small college Hillary Clinton attended.

ANSWER: Wellesley

Tossup Four. The first part is titled Aggressive Chastity, the second part is titled Provocative Prudence. Often considered to be the first modern English novel, the title character is the maidservant of a wealthy woman who dies and whose son, Mr. B., pursues her with base intention. For 10 points—name this work written by Samuel Richardson.

ANSWER: Pamela: Virtue Rewarded

BONUS. Name the company from clues, 30-20-10

• 30: It is the second-largest employer in the US behind the federal government. Its one millionth US employee was hired this past holiday season.

• 20: Employees at this company learn about “The Sundown Rule,” “The Ten-Foot Attitude,” and the company’s “Cheer” in which the customer is “number one.”

• 10: Founded in Arkansas in 1962, its founder Sam Walton left behind a multi-million dollar empire whose stock listing is WMT.

ANSWER: Wal-Mart

Tossup Five. Born in Nice, France, in 1879, he began his American military career during the Spanish-American War and was stationed in Cuba, the Philippines, Alaska, and Kansas. By the end of World War I, he was a brigadier general, having commanded a joint armada of 1500 French and American airplanes. For 10 points—name this military leader whose advocacy for a separate Air Force resulted in a conviction of insubordination by the Army.

ANSWER: William “Billy” Mitchell

BONUS. Identify the math term from definitions for the stated number of points.

• For 5 points, this is the distance from the center of a circle to the circle.

ANSWER: radius

• For 10 points, this quadrilateral has equal parallel side lengths but unequal diagonal lengths; the diagonals are perpendicular to each other, and the area of the figure is the product of the diagonals divided by 2.

ANSWER: rhombus [accept diamond; accept lozenge]

• For 15 points, this is a line or curve which a given curve approaches; each hyperbola has two.

ANSWER: asymptotes

Tossup Six. Boasting over thirty thousand members in one hundred nations, this nonprofit organization founded in 1883 holds its annual convention in late Decmeber. Its five periodical publications serve the needs of educators on all academic levels. For 10 points—name this organization which publishes a style handbook used in most American high schools and colleges.

ANSWER: Modern Language Association

BONUS. Answer these questions on the international Guggenheim Museum collections.

• The first permanent home to the museum is in New York City in a building designed by this American architect.

ANSWER: Frank Lloyd Wright

• Solomon Guggenheim first displayed his collection of abstract art by founding this precursor to the eponymous museum.

ANSWER: Museum of Non-Objective Painting

• In 1997, the Guggenheim opened another museum designed by Frank Gehry in this Spanish city.

ANSWER: Bilbao

Tossup Seven. He earned twelve letters in track, football, baseball, and basketball and joined Phi Beta Kappa. This actor’s passport was revoked after he refused to sign an affidavit as to whether or not he had ever belonged to the Communist Party. Eight years later, the Supreme Court ruled that the refusal to sign was not valid grounds for denial of a passport. For 10 points—name this stage actor whose credits include All God's Chillun Got Wings, The Emperor Jones, Show Boat, Othello, and Porgy and Bess.

ANSWER: Paul Robeson

BONUS. Given the description of an American Civil War battle, identify the battle for 10 points each.

• One hundred and thirty thousand Union troops under Joseph Hooker fought against sixty thousand Confederate troops under Robert E. Lee in this battle most notable for the mortal wound suffered by Stonewall Jackson.

ANSWER: Battle of Chancellorsville

• Two parts for 10 points each. These battles ended on the same day, July 4, 1863. Name these battles, one fought in the farm land of Pennsylvania and the other whose Union victory saw the Confederacy cut in two by the occupation of the Mississippi River.

ANSWERS: Battle of Gettysburg and Battle of Vicksburg

Tossup Eight. Proponents of this movement included Eugene Delacroix, Joseph Turner, Robert Schumann, Hector Berlioz, John Keats, and William Blake. It was a reaction to neoclassical focus on universality and reason. For 10 points—name this art, music, and literature movement which emphasized individualism and emotion.

ANSWER: romanticism

BONUS. Name these Greek Titans for 10 points each.

• She is the mother of all the Olympian gods.

ANSWER: Rhea

• This Titan was father of Helios, Eos, Selene, and Hesperus.

ANSWER: Hyperion

• After sleeping for nine nights with Zeus, she gave birth to the nine Muses.

ANSWER: Mnemosyne

Tossup Nine. This general’s father was nicknamed Creticus because of his role in the operations of Crete. A cavalry commander under Aulus Gabinius, he impressed enough people politically to wind up with a seat in the Senate. For 10 points—name this military leader who as an administrator of the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire summoned to Tarsus the Egyptian queen Cleopatra.

ANSWER: Marc Antony [or Marcus Antonius; or, with disgust, Mark Anthony]

BONUS. Name the city from clues on a 30-20-10 basis.

• 30: It was founded in 1548 by the Spaniard Alonso de Medoza on the site of an Inca village.

• 20: It became a site of national government in 1898, just over 2 miles above sea level, making it the world’s highest capital.

• 10: Its original name for this governmental capital of Bolivia means “Our Lady of Peace” in English.

ANSWER: La Paz, Bolivia

Tossup Ten. It supposedly began in the Little White Schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin, although it was officially launched two months later with a convention in Jackson, Michigan. Proposed at a meeting of Whigs, anti-Nebraska Democrats, and Free-Soilers, for 10 points—name this organization which came into power with the election of Abraham Lincoln.

ANSWER: Republican Party [or the Grand Old Party]

BONUS. In late December 1999, the entire government of a country sued an American tobacco company, alleging that the company in question had smuggled billions of cigarettes into the country in question. For 15 points each, name the country and the tobacco company, the US’s second largest.

ANSWER [up to both of the following]: Canada and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Holdings Inc.

Round Two Category Quiz

Available Bonus Categories

American History: Politicians Exposed

American Literature: Characters in Cleveland that are not Howard the Duck

Art: Things That Really Shouldn’t Go Together

Business and Economics: Abuse of Vocabulary

Language: Write Me a Letter

Mathematics: Beat the Stuffin’

Physical Sciences: Electron Physics

Religion, Mythology, & Philosophy: Girls (and Boys) Just Wanna Have Fun

World History: We Are Not Alone

World Literature: Authors of Note

Round Two Category Quiz

Available Bonus Categories

American History: Politicians Exposed

American Literature: Characters in Cleveland that are not Howard the Duck

Art: Things That Really Shouldn’t Go Together

Business and Economics: Abuse of Vocabulary

Language: Write Me a Letter

Mathematics: Beat the Stuffin’

Physical Sciences: Electron Physics

Religion, Mythology, & Philosophy: Girls (and Boys) Just Wanna Have Fun

World History: We Are Not Alone

World Literature: Authors of Note

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