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VOCABULARYFrey, Nancy; Kratky, Lada; Lesaux, Nonie K; Short, Deborah J; Thompson, Sylvia Linan; Turner, Jennifer D. (2011). National Geographic Reach. National Geographic Learning.The REACH curriculum includes academic and content vocabulary that students are expected to recognize by grade-level.My NG Connect retrieved from REACH curriculum also provides digital images and videos when logging in to this link.Scrivens, J. (2014). Phonics Read CVC 100 Words. (Version 1.0). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from app for iPads is a phonics-based app that includes pictures of consonant-vowel-consonant vocabulary words.Imagine Learning retrieved from software program can be used as a supplement for ELLs to accelerate vocabulary development and develop pre-literacy skills.[Your] local library networkAlthough districts may provide teacher’s with reading curricula, leveled-reading books are not a replacement for literature.Duolingo app/website - This website and app (available for Android or iPhone) offers English language development lessons for students with a first language of Chinese, Czech, Dutch, French, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Thai, Ukrainian, and Vietnamese, with other languages being added regularly. - Wordnik is an online dictionary that is user-friendly for ELLs in that it gives simple definitions, as well as lists of related words (synonyms, subordinates, rhyming words, etc.) and also includes audio to help with pronunciation.6 Minute English BBC App - This free app is available for Android and iPhone. - This website offers a podcast series for learners of all language levels.A Maths Dictionary for Kids - This is a fun reference tool for students to check on the meaning of specific math terms.National Geographics Kids - Retrieved from National Geographics for kids is a wonderfully visual website. ABCya - Retrieved from This is a free educational website. Quizlet. Retrieved from Quizlet is a website that ESL students are able to use in order to create flashcards and individualized wordlists. English Vocabulary (). Retrieved from The purpose of this website is provide teachers with pre-made word lists. Anglomaniacy. Retrieved from This free website supports both vocabulary and grammar development for ESL students. Lextutor’s Vocabprofiler. Retrieved from: Lextutor’s Vocabprofiler is a website that analyzes the lexical profile of any given text that a user electronically submits. Vocabulary Notebook. One tool to help English Language Learners build their vocabulary is to have them create their own Vocabulary Notebooks/Dictionaries.Wordreference. Retrieved from: Wordreference is a free translation dictionary that has a wide variety of foreign language options.. Retrieved from: is a useful free online dictionary tool that can give students an online resource to help with their vocabulary comprehension and acquisition. Open Word Sort Activity. The Open Word Sort activity can help students to work together and discuss vocabulary while associating vocabulary into categories or themes. The website includes a feature called “The Challenge” which assesses vocabulary knowledge.Frayer Model. This method of vocabulary learning is effective because it requires the student to learn more than the definition.Corpus of Contemporary American English. There is importance in seeing words in context and this corpus provides a chance for students to access many examples.Word knowledge checklist. Using a checklist before introducing a text to students helps both the teacher and the student.Activities for ESL Students. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2016, from This website contains interactive quizzes, tests, exercises and puzzles for ESL students in vocabulary and grammar.Bilingual Dictionaries and Glossaries. Having bilingual dictionaries and glossaries on hand allows students the opportunity to look up words they don’t understand. Word Lists (also Word Walls). Folse says not to hesitate to use word lists. Many teachers create Word Walls to post these lists Puzzlemaker. Puzzlemaker. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2016, from puzzlemaker./free-puzzlemaker/index.cfm?campaign=flyout_teachers_puzzle/ Puzzlemaker is an excellent tool for reinforcing vocabulary.Flashcards (Anki). Flash cards are another resource to help students to construct a more meaningful sense to the words.Cloze activities. This type of activities are great to build vocabulary knowledge.Dave's ESL Café. Retrieved from This is a valuable online resource for teachers and students. It contains hundreds of creative activities for ESL/FL learners of all age groups. ESL Gold. Retrieved from This website provides hundreds of pages of materials for ELLs from low level to advanced.University of Victoria English Language Centre. Retrieved from Teachers at this university's English language center create language lessons and practice exercises for adult ELLs. Sibold, C. (2011). Building English language learners' academic vocabulary: Strategies and tips. Multicultural Education, 18(2), 24-29. This article describes strategies designed to develop ELLs' academic vocabulary with particular emphasis on explicit instruction. Vocabulary Instruction for English Language Learners written by Judie Haynes. Tips on providing effective vocabulary instruction. Retrieved from The Everything ESL website provides two pages of tips and strategies that have been adapted from textbooks and workbooks from general education curriculum to meet the linguistic needs of students who receive ESL instruction for 35-40 minutes a day.Marzano’s Six Steps for Building Academic Vocabulary. What research has found. Retrieved from The article featured the six steps for building academic vocabulary, and other online resources to provide innovative and fun vocabulary learning tools.Visuwords This website is an excellent dictionary alternative for ELLs; when you look up a word in this tool, it shows a neat graph which connects that word to various other words based on different relationships between them. Words Their Way with English Learners, 2/e Retrieved from Vocabulary Strategies to use when working with ELL students. Retrieved from This resource is in a pdf format and written by Dr. Maria Torres (Director of Diversity and ESOL) and Ilona Olancin (Secondary ELL Curriculum Facilitator).On- line vocabulary quiz: When students are sick and tired with class activities, activates such as vocabulary quizzes can relax students and give them some fun with visual supports. questions game: Students wear a head band and attach a flash card to it.Howjsay. Retrieved from Howjsay is an online dictionary that gives definitions of English words as well as the pronunciation. Dolch Word. Retrieved from The Dolch Word website has printable Dolch Word Lists.Sesma, C., Word to Word Bilingual Dictionary Spanish Edition. Marrieta, CA: Bilingual Dictionaries Inc. This word-to-word dictionary is specifically designed for English Language Learners. Lamb, R., (2008) Teaching Vocabulary Words with Multiple Meanings Grades 2-4. New York, NY: Scholastic. This book is used to teach students different meanings to 50 common multiple meaning words.Beck, I, McKeown, M. (2005) Elements of Reading – Vocabulary. Orlando, FL: Harcourt. This is a vocabulary learning kit. Context Clues board game: The student will be able to identify the meaning of a word in a given paragraph using context clues.Hisam, D., & Seth, L. (2003). Vocabulary GROWth. Carlsbad, CA: ETC Publications. This resource is a collection of activities to teach or reinforce vocabulary skills.Mattes,L., (2002). Word Retrieval Exercises for Children. Oceanside, CA: Academic Associates. Although the activities in this book are designed for children who have word retrieval problems, I do feel it is a great resource for teachers that are teaching vocabulary to ELLs.Bell, N., (2006). The Visualizing and Verbalizing Program. Avila Beach, CA: Gander Publishing. Talking Cards: Vocabulary Picture cards. The Visualizing and Verbalizing program is designed for learning disabled students who have weak concept imagery.Steven, M and Bill, B (2009) Word by Word English/Chinese Simplified, Publisher: Pearson Education ES. Word by Word is the most learner-friendly picture dictionary – especially for Beginners.ToWords app. The application is widely used in Chinese students and recommended by Chinese English teachers.DK (2015), Mandarin Chinese English Bilingual Visual Dictionary (DK Visual Dictionaries) publisher: Blg RepREADING Graphic Organizers. Retrieved from This link from Reading A-Z contains resources for graphic organizers to organize thought processes when building reading comprehension skills.Florida Center for Reading Research retrieved from HYPERLINK "" This website contains numerous activities that help children develop early childhood literacy skills.Willems, Mo. Elephant and Piggie Series (2007-2009). Disney-Hyperion. HarperCollins Publishers. This books series revolves around a friendship of a pig and an elephant that go on different adventures.Storyline. Retrieved from On Storyline, students can gain exposure to extended reading by listening to celebrities read storybooks.Wilson, E.; Wilson , B (n.d.). Fundations: Wilson Language Basics. This is a research-based curriculum that aims to give students a foundation of reading skills for grades K-3.Paraphrasing activity: As described by The National Capital Language Resource Center, “stopping at the end of a section to check comprehension by restating the information and ideas in the text” can help students reading development.Choral Reading Activity, as suggested by Margarita Calderon: A high school government class read: “in unison by teams, one paragraph at a time.Question generating activity: One teacher I observed had her students read a section of their geography textbook and work in groups to generate a set number of questions for the other groups to answer.During Reading Activity - summarizing: , (Fairfax Network, 2013). This video clip discusses several potential aids to teaching reading.During Reading Activity- Close Reading Annotation: In the first four minutes of this clip, the teacher in this video clip gives her students specific instructions for how to annotate their text during their first (of several) readings.Learning A-Z. Retrieved from This is a website that requires subscription for every facet of the program, but is well worth the investment. BookHive. Retrieved from This is a good resource for teachers to view when looking for new book suggestions for their students.ESLgold. Retrieved from This resource focuses on the four language domains which are speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Brainpopjr. Retrieved from is a subscription based website that is very useful for teachers to have access to for all content areas. Read Write Think - Interactive Trading Cards. Retrieved from: The Read Write Think website supports teachers and student learning with numerous resources. One aspect of the website provides interactive activities for students.This I Believe - Personal Essays. Retrieved from: This I Believe is an international organization that is a forum for people to share essays on their personal beliefs and values. The website contains thousands of essays by a variety of people on their core values and beliefs.Paul Nation’s Guided Readers. Retrieved from: Paul Nation is Emeritus Professor at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand. His page on the University’s website includes links to graded readers. Glencoe Literature Online Library. Retrieved from: Glencoe Literature Library is an abundant literary resource for teachers. Bibliomania. Retrieved from: Bibliomania is an excellent online resource for teachers as it provides a large and free selection of books, poems, articles, short stories and plays.Hedgcock, John S. and Ferris, Dana R. Teaching readers of English. Needs Assessment Questionnaire (p. 151). The questionnaire is introduced in chapter 4 on syllabus design.Librivox. Free public domain audiobooks. When reading literature for English class, many ELs benefit from hearing the story or text read aloud.Extensive Reading Central This link appeared on Paul Nation’s page () and is geared toward helping EL students develop extensive reading skills.NewsELA is educational website that publishes popular news stories, non-fiction texts, and current event articles.Using Cliffnotes to summarize literature (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2016, from literature Students may find it easier to read the summarized Cliffnotes of a story than the whole book.Guide-o-Rama. Guide-o-Rama is a close reading strategy that breaks down the page of a book into smaller chunks.Using Realia (Authentic reading material). Using authentic reading material such as newspapers, menus, postcards, letters, recipes, labels or catalogues gives the students an opportunity to learn to read something they may use themselves outside of the classroom.Kahoot Make Learning Awesome. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2016, from howitworks Kahoot is a fun way for students to have permission to use their cell phones for an academic purpose.5 Creative ESL Reading Comprehension Activities. Chou, E. (n.d.). 5 Creative ESL Reading Comprehension Activities Your Students Will Love. Retrieved April 14, 2016, from english/educator/blog/esl-reading-comprehension-activities/ This website offers numerous tools for teaching reading comprehension. Public Libraries. Libraries have many different types of resources. In the United States, there are public libraries in many towns, which makes it easy for people to have access to them and their services.Audio books. This is a great tool for ELL readers, especially in the lower levels of proficiency.. This website allows to simplify reading, as easy a copying the text in a box and converting this text to a lower level of reading proficiency.Picture books/Graphic novels. Picture book let the students guide themselves with the written text, and give some context to it.. Retrieved from is a multimedia collaboration that provides information and strategies for improving literacy instruction for students of all ages.Breaking News English. Retrieved from This website contains free lessons and activities for ELLs based on current news events. . Retrieved from Interactive activities on this site are designed to help ELLs learn language used in everyday conversation such as set phrases and idioms. Reid, S. E. (2002). Book bridges for ESL students: Using young adult and children's literature to teach ESL. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. Although this book is geared towards children and adolescent ELLs, it's a good reference tool for adult English language teachers because it clearly and succinctly summarizes basic principles for L2 teaching.SQP2RS (“Squeepers”): It is a good reading strategy for ELL. Each letter is the first letter of a word. It is a good reading strategy for ELL. Each letter is the first letter of a word.Think- Pair –Share: Students work together to solve problems about a reading.Sticky note prediction: In the beginning, students can skim the reading and make some questions.Adapted Mind: It requires technology as an on-line reading activity. Launching Young Readers; Retrieved from Reading Rockets is the companion site to Colorin Colorado (its bilingual site).Lexia Reading Core-5. Provides personalized learning on fundamental literacy skills in grades pre-K – 5. Retrieved from Imagine Learning Imagine Learning is an engaging language and literacy software program that accelerates English learning. Pearson Realize. Retrieved from Pearson Realize was formally known as Scott Foresman – Reading Street. Many of the stories remained in this updated edition to the program, including the leveled readers for ELD (beginner) and ELL (more proficient) students. ReadWorks. Retrieved from The ReadWorks website is a free resource for teachers.Strom, L. (2012) Common Core Comprehension Practice at 3 Levels. Pelham, NY: Newmark Learning. This book gives the teacher mini lessons in 10 different genres including narrative, informational and opinion.DeWaard, R., Vonk, J.,Kemperman, K., Bryan, S., Quackenbush, L. (1988). Reading Skills Reproducible Workbook Level 3. Grand Rapids, MI: Instructional Fair Inc. This workbook has pages that an ELL teacher can print out to practice such skills as following directions, sequencing, vocabulary, main idea, character analysis etc. Inference game, Hazard Mountain, created by Lakeshore, Carson CA. The skills in this game are: making inferences, understanding and analyzing text, and reading for meaning. The object of the game is to make inferences to answer questions and “speed down” a ski mountain to the finish line.Marking up text: Before students read a piece of text from the classroom, have them read the comprehension questions first. Then using a highlighter have them highlight the text that will assist with finding the answers to those comprehension , 2014: CommonLit provides free instructional materials based on themes which support literacy development. Mary, H (2006) A First Book of Fairy Tales. Publisher: DK Children. In this beautifully illustrated book, 14 classic fairy tales are retold for young children.H.C. Anderson (2010). Hans Christian Andersen's Fairy Tales, Publisher: Puffin Books. Anderson’s Fairy Tales is very famous in worldwideVOA Learning English. Retrieved from: This website provides modified news for ELLs of different proficiency levels.BBC Learning English. Retrieved from: The website focus more on teach students based on their level and interests.WRITINGInnovative Investments Inc. (2014). Sentence Maker. (Version 2.1). [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from app for iPads helps students compose sentences with increasing sentence structure complexity.A Kindergarten Writing Center in Action retrieved from website lists many writing activities teachers can incorporate in writing centers.Calkins, L. (2013). Units of Study in Opinion, Information, and Narrative Writing Elementary Series. Teachers College Reading and Writing Project, Columbia University. This writing curriculum uses research-based techniques in writing instruction.KidPix retrieved from is a software program that is a medium for writing in which students can interact on a Smartboard.Starfalls phonics retrieved from can build phonics skills with this interactive these interactive phonics games.Power writing: This video demonstrates an activity the teacher describes as “Power Writing”, in which the students have one minute to write as much as they can on a given topic, and when the time is up they count how many words they’ve written.App: Writing Prompts - This is a free app available for Android devices, which supplies one to two sentence prompts suitable for fiction writing.Website: EnglishClub –grammar based writing prompts.PDF: The Five Facts of Fiction - This is an excellent breakdown of how to create fiction.RAFT writing for Math class - Jawad Brown, in his blog entry The Evolution of Writing in a Math Classroom, describes multiple approaches to bringing writing into mathematics classrooms, giving pros and cons of each, and explains why he eventually moved to the RAFT method for his classroom.WIDA. Retrieved from wida.us The WIDA website provides teachers with Can Do statements for each domain of language.Colorin’ Colorado. Retrieved from This is a bilingual website that focuses on good teaching practices for ESL.Stickyball. Retrieved from This is a useful resource for teachers who need printable activities and worksheets for their students. FluentU. Retrieved from This is a creative educator blog site that is a useful support and resource for ESL teachers. The website provides teachers with creative writing activities that are not simply rote practice, but uses a current form of writing as the platform for the writing activities. ESLKidstuff. Retrieved from This is a useful website that could be used for reading, writing, and vocabulary.Read Write Think – Interactive Essay Map. Retrieved from: The Interactive Essay Map available on the Read Write Think website is an interactive tool to help students plot out expository writing.Interactive Notebooks. Utilizing Interactive Notebooks in the classroom can be a great tool for developing student’s writing skills. Google Slide Presentations. Retrieved from: Powtoon Presentations. Retrieved from: Online presentation building websites such as Google Slide and Powtoon help English Language Learners build literacy skills when incorporated into classroom activities.RAFT Activity. RAFT is a writing activity that helps students prepare for writing by reflecting on the writing process and thinking about it from multiple perspectives.Free Writes. This activity was discussed in class, and is a popular “do now” activity.Dialectical journals. This activity helps students interact with a text.Summary vs analysis practice Many students are unclear on the difference between analyzing and summarizing a text, or many students choose to summarize a text instead of analyzing it because summarizing is easier.Writing body paragraphs – notes and organizer: MEATEAL. The MEATEAL (main idea, evidence, analysis, transition, evidence, analysis, link) organizer helps students practice the components of a body paragraph.Purdue OWL: Plagiarism ; MLA resource Explains what not to do (plagiarize), and how to do it right (cite) is important information for students who want to further their education after graduating from high school.Graphic Organizers Using graphic organizers is an effective way to help students prepare for and complete writing assignments.Guided Writing. Gibson, S. A. (n.d.). Four Simple Steps to Small-Group Guided Writing. Retrieved April 15, 2016, from classroom-resources/lesson-plans/four-simple-steps-small-1149.html The author of this article provides “3 sets of strategies for writing”.Ghost Writing. Students write something as if they were someone else doing the writing.Cornell Notes. (n.d.). Retrieved April 15, 2016, from coe.jmu.edu/learningtoolbox/cornellnotes.html Cornell notes is a form of note taking that helps students organize their notes.Writing Centers. Writing Centers are places, usually maintained by an institution, where students and members of the community can find a trained staff and tutors to get help with different aspects of writing assignments.Greater Essays by Folse &Pugh. It contains many examples of writing samples, explanations and activities, to help students built their essays.Journals. As we mention in class, and review in the readings, keeping a journal is a great way to involve students in the writing process.Center for Adult English Language Acquisition. Retrieved from This is a valuable resource for adult ESL teachers because it contains numerous articles written by experienced educators and linguists. Edmodo. Retrieved from is a great interactive resource for both teachers and students. It allows ELLs to share in the responsibility of their own learning using the website to complete activities and monitor their progress. ESL Galaxy. Retrieved from adults This online resource contains thousands of free printable multi-level English language activities and exercises targeting vocabulary and grammar. ReadWriteThink. Retrieved from is a resource that offers the latest instruction techniques, strategies, and meaningful activities for students of all ages. Self- interview: It might be executed as a writing activity and suitable for intermediate to higher levels.5 minute free writing: With a topic, students write their own ideas and opinions.Give One, Take One: With a topic, students can write some sentences and share their own topics for writing.Diamante Poems: Because poems sound boring depending on students, this online tool might motivate students to have an interest about poems. man: Students have to guess the word by picking the letter.When English Language Learners WriteSamway, K., Connecting Research to Practice, K – 8. Retrieved from This research publication is 192 pages long with a “boatload” of information written in a manner that is easy to digest.Acrostic Poems. Student Interactive Retrieved from In this online tool, students learn about and write acrostic poems.Kidblog Kidblog provides teachers with the tools to help students publish writing safely online. Flocabulary. Retrieved from Flocabulary is a website that uses hip hop song videos to teach content in all subject areas including vocabulary, reading and writing. Writing Prompts. Garden Grove, CA: Teacher Created Resources. Writing Prompts is a box of 120 cards. Allman, B., Erwin, R., Evans, J., Sorg, L., Weiss, A. (2008). Daily 6-Trait Writing Grade 3. Monterey, CA: Evan-Moor. This book provides 125 lessons based on the 6 traits of strong writing (ideas, organization, word choice, sentence fluency, voice, conventions).Walker, S. (1999) 730 Journal Prompts Two For Every Day of the Year Grades 1-3. The Education Center Inc. This book is filled with writing prompts that are arranged by month.Sweeney, A. (2010). Nonfiction Read & Write Booklets: Science. New York, NY: Scholastic. This book is filled with reproducible booklets, all on science-related nonfiction topics.Dell’Angelo,T.,(2015, Aug.31) Literacy Through Photography for English Language Learners. Retrieved from This article describes how photography can support literacy development for English language learners. Language arts for ages 6-16: Grammar, writing, and vocabulary. This site provides standard aligned practice, personalized to each student’s level.Word Clouds: Within a google document, there is a tab called “cloud generator” within the add-on menu.Rory’s Story Cubes, Gamewright, The Creativity Hub Ltd. Rory’s story cubes are a simple story generator.Phrasalstein, free i-pad app updated June 5, 2014: This app is part 2 to the Phrasal Verb machine. Students who use this app will be able to practice 100 phrasal verbs using animation from the horror genre but with a humorous edge.Rainbow Sentences: updated June 5, 2013: This i-pad app supports syntax development for writing and speaking. Students use color coding to construct grammatically correct sentences. ................
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