AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based - College Board

2022

AP Physics 1:

Algebra-Based

?

Free-Response Questions

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AP? PHYSICS 1 TABLE OF INFORMATION

CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS

Proton mass, mp

1.67 ? 1027 kg

Electron charge magnitude,

e

1.60 ? 10 19 C

Neutron mass, mn

1.67 ? 10 27 kg

Coulomb¡¯s law constant,

k

1 4 pe0

Electron mass, me

9.11 ? 10 31 kg

Speed of light,

3.00 ? 108 m s

UNIT

SYMBOLS

Factor

12

10

c

meter,

kilogram,

second,

ampere,

PREFIXES

Prefix

Symbol

tera

T

m

kg

s

A

Universal gravitational

constant, G

Acceleration due to gravity

at Earth¡¯s surface, g

kelvin,

hertz,

newton,

joule,

K

Hz

N

J

watt,

coulomb,

volt,

ohm,

9.0 ? 10 9 N ? m 2 C2

6.67 ? 10 11 m 3 kg?s2

9.8 m s2

W

C

V

W

degree Celsius,

?C

VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES

?

q

0

30

?

?

?

?

37

45

53

60

?

90

?

10 9

giga

G

sinq

0

12

35

2 2

45

3 2

1

10 6

mega

M

cosq

1

3 2

45

2 2

35

12

0

10 3

kilo

k

tanq

0

3 3

34

1

43

3

?

10

2

centi

c

10

3

milli

m

10

6

micro

m

10

9

nano

n

10 12

pico

p

The following conventions are used in this exam.

I. The frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial unless

otherwise stated.

II. Assume air resistance is negligible unless otherwise stated.

III. In all situations, positive work is defined as work done on a system.

IV. The direction of current is conventional current: the direction in which

positive charge would drift.

V. Assume all batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.

AP? PHYSICS 1 EQUATIONS

GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY

MECHANICS

?x

?x 0  a x t

x

x0  ?x 0 t 

?x2

?x20  2 a x x  x0

?

?

? F Fnet

m

m

?

m Fn

?

a

?

Ff

ac

?

p

?2

r

?

mv

?

Dp

?

F Dt

K

1 2

mv

2

DE

W

P

DE

Dt

q

q0  w0t 

w

w0  at

x

A cos 2 p ft

?

?

? t t net

I

I

?

a

t

rA F

L

Iw

DL

t Dt

K

1 2

Iw

2

?

Fs

Us

r

1 2

at

2 x

1 2

at

2

rF sin q

?

kx

1 2

kx

2

m

V

Fd cos q

F?d

a

A

d

E

f

F

I

K

k

L

?

m

P

p

r

T

t

U

V

v

W

x

y

a

m

q

r

t

w

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

acceleration

amplitude

distance

energy

frequency

force

rotational inertia

kinetic energy

spring constant

angular momentum

length

mass

power

momentum

radius or separation

period

time

potential energy

volume

speed

work done on a system

position

height

angular acceleration

coefficient of friction

angle

density

torque

angular speed

DUg

mg Dy

T

2p

w

Ts

2p

m

k

Tp

2p

?

g

?

Fg

G

?

g

UG

1

f

m1m2

r2

?

Fg

m



Gm1m2

r

Rectangle

A bh

Triangle

A

1

bh

2

Circle

A

C

pr 2

2 pr

Rectangular solid

V ?wh

Cylinder

V

pr 2?

S

2 pr ?  2 pr 2

Sphere

V

S

4 3

pr

3

4pr 2

A = area

C = circumference

V = volume

S = surface area

b = base

h = height

? = length

w = width

r = radius

Right triangle

c2

a 2  b2

a

sin q

c

b

cos q

c

a

tan q

b

c

a

90¡ã

q

b

AP? Physics 1 2022 Free-Response Questions

Begin your response to QUESTION 1 on this page.

PHYSICS 1

SECTION II

Time¡ª1 hour and 30 minutes

5 Questions

Directions: Questions 1, 4, and 5 are short free-response questions that require about 13 minutes each to answer and

are worth 7 points each. Questions 2 and 3 are long free-response questions that require about 25 minutes each to

answer and are worth 12 points each. Show your work for each part in the space provided after that part.

1. (7 points, suggested time 13 minutes)

Two blocks are connected by a string that passes over a pulley, as shown above. Block 1 is on a horizontal surface

and is attached to a spring that is at its unstretched length. Frictional forces are negligible in the pulley¡¯s axle and

between the block and the surface. Block 2 is released from rest and moves downward before momentarily

coming to rest.

k 0 is the spring constant of the spring.

M1 is the mass of block 1.

M2 is the mass of block 2.

¦¤y is the distance block 2 moves before momentarily coming to rest.

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AP? Physics 1 2022 Free-Response Questions

Continue your response to QUESTION 1 on this page.

(a)

i. Block 2 starts from rest and speeds up, then it slows down and momentarily comes to rest at a position

below its initial position. In terms of only the forces directly exerted on block 2, explain why block 2

initially speeds up and explain why it slows down to a momentary stop.

ii. Derive an expression for the distance ¦¤y that block 2 travels before momentarily coming to rest.

Express your answer in terms of k 0, M1, M2, and physical constants, as appropriate.

(b) Indicate whether the total mechanical energy of the blocks-spring-Earth system changes as block 2 moves

downward.

___ Changes

___ Does not change

Briefly explain your reasoning.

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