Whereisbobl.com



CONVERSIONS

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LENGTH / DISTANCE

1 inch = 25.4 millimeter

1 inch = 2.54 centimeter

1 inch = 0.0254 meter

1 foot = 0.3048 meter

1 yard = 0.9144 meter

1 mile US = 1.609347 kilometer (km)

1 mile US = 5280 Feet

1 Mil = .001 inch

1 Micron = .001mm = 10^-6 meters

1 Micron= .000039 inch=39 millionths of an inch

1 Foot = .3048 meters

1 Millimeter = .03937 inch

1 Meter = 3.281 Feet

1 Mile = 5280 Feet = .869 Nautical Miles

= 880 Fathoms = 1.609344 Kilometer

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WEIGHT/FORCE

1 Pound = 0.4535924 Kilograms

1 Pound = 12 Troy ounces = 16 Ounces

1 Pound = 453.5924 Grams

1 pound-Force = 4.448222 newton (N) = .454 kg

1 kip (1000 lb) = 0.4536 metric ton (1000kg)

1 ton, 2000 lb = 907.1848 kilogram (kg)

1 Troy Ounce (gold) = 1.333333 ounce

1 Troy Ounce = 480 grains = 31.1034768 grams

1 ounce = .75 Troy Ounce = 437.5 grams

1 Grain = .06479891 Grams

1 grain = 0.0000648 kilogram (kg)

1 Kilogram = 2.20462 Pound

1 gram = 0.002204623 Pound

1 kilogram-force = 1kg*9.81m/s^2

1 kgf = 9.80665 N by definition

1 Newton = 1kg*1m/S^2

1 Newton = .102 kgf

..........

1 Gal. Gas ~~ 6.45855 Pounds Gas - This is highly variable dep. on temp and mix. Sometimes 6.25 is used, sometimes other measures.

One U.S. gallon of water weighs 8.34 pounds (U.S.) at 60 degrees F

One cubic foot of water weighs 62.4 pounds (U.S.)

One milliliter of water has a mass of 1 gram

1 N = the force of Earth's gravity on a mass of about 100 g = (1/9.81 kg)

1 Nickel ~ 5g

1 gram = .03527 ounces

1 Ounce = 28.35 grams

1kg = 9.807 Newtons=2.205 pounds

1 gr (grain) = 0.0648 g (gram)

1 lb = 0.4535923 kg

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VOLUME

1 cubic inch = 0.00001639 cubic meter

1 Cubic Inch = 16.387064 Cubic Centimeter (cc)

1 cubic foot = 0.02831685 cubic meter

1 cubic foot = 28.32 Liter (1000 cm 3)

1 cubic yard = 0.7645549 cubic meter

1 US fluid ounce = 0.0295735296 liter

1 gallon US = 3.7854118 liter(1000 cm 3)

1 gallon US = 0.8327 gallon UK

1 gallon UK = 4.546 liter

1 Liter = 33.8140226 Ounces [Fluid, US]

100 board feet = 0.2360 cubic meter

1 board feet = 0.002360 cubic meter

............

One drop is about .05 ml or 50 Micro Liters

1 milliliter of water = 1 cubic centimeter

1 Cu. In = .061 Cu. In.

1 Cu.In. = 1.108 Tablespoons

1 Cubic Meter = 1.308 Cubic Yards = 35.31 ft^3

= 264.2 gallons

1 Gallon = 3.785 Liters=231Cu. In.= 8 Pints

= 16 cups = .83267 UK Gallon

1 Cup = 14.44 Cu. In. = 236.6 cc = 48 Teaspoons

= 16 tablespoons

1 Tablespoon = 3 teaspoons

1/4 cup = 4 tablespoons

1 Gallon Water = 128 Fluid Ounces

1 Gallon Water = 8.328676 lb/gal @ 70'F = 133.258816 OZ

1 Gallon Gasoline = 5.8 to 6.5 pound force

1 gallon Ethenol = 6.59 lbs.

1 Cubic Foot Water = 62.42796 pounds

1 fifth = 17.067 shots = 25.6 fluid ounces

1 drop ~ 0.05 ml

1/8 teaspoon ~ 8 drops

1 tsp ~ 76 drops

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PRESSURE

1 pound per square foot (psf) = 4.8824 kilogram per square meter (kg/sq m)

1 pound per square foot (psf) = 47.88 pascal (Pa)

1 pound per square inch (psi) = 6,894.757 pascal (Pa)

1 PSI = 0.00689476 megapascal (MPa)

1 Atmosphere (ATM) = 101,325 Pascal (Pa)

1 ATM = 1.01325 BAR = 760 TORR = 14.696 PSI

1 BAR = 100,000 Pa (~1 ATM) = 14.5037744 PSI

1 pascal equals 1.000 newton per square meter

1 TORR = 1 mm(Hg)

1ft water = .4328268 PSI

100ft water = 43.3 PSI

1 psi = 2.31 feet of water head

Typical home water pressure ~ 25-50

20-80psi extremes

so a water tank needs to be around 70' high

1 inch Mercury = .4911541 PSI

1 atmosphere = 14.7psi = 29.92 inches mercury = 101.3 kPA

1 BAR = 14.50377377 PSI

1 PSI = 0.06894757293 BAR

1 Pascal (PA) = 1 N/m2

1 kPA = 1000PA = .145 PSI =

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TEMPERATURE

Fahrenheit (F) / Celsius (C) tc=(tF-32)/1.8

Fahrenheit (F) / kelvin (K) tk = (tF+459.7)/1.8

kelvin (K) / Celsius (C) tc=tk-273.15

tK = tC + 273.15 = tR*5/9

tR = tF + 459.67 = tK*9/5

tC = (tF - 32)*5/9 = tK - 273.15

tF = tC*9/5 + 32 = tR - 459.67

Delta tC = Delta tF/1.8

Delta tF = Delta tC*1.8

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VELOCITY / SPEED

1 mile per hour = 1.60934 kilometer per hour

1 mile per hour = 0.44704 meter per second (m/s)

1 mile per hour = 1.466666666666667 feet/second

1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s

1 KNOT = 1.150779 MPH = 1.852 KPH

1 MPH = 1.609344 KPH

Speed of Sound @ sea level @ 21°C/70°F = 344 m/s = 1129 ft/s = 1238 km/h = 770 mph

SO 77 MPH is .1 mach

Speed of Light = 186,000 miles/second

= 3x10^8 meters/second = (300 million..)

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ENERGY / POWER

1 British thermal unit(BTU)= 1055.056 joule (J)

1 calorie (cal) = 4.1868 joule (J)

1 kilowatt-hour (kwh) = 3,600,000joule (J)

1 kilowatt-hour (kwh) = 3412.141633 BTU

1 Watt-Hour = 3.412141633 BTU

................................................

1 Btu/hr = 0.2930711 watt (W)

1 Btu/s = 1.054 kW

1 horsepower (hp electric) = 745.6999 watt (W)

1 horsepower (hp) = 550 ft-lb/sec

1 ton (refrig) = 3.517 kW

1 Watt = 3.412141633 BTU/Hr

1 Kilowatt = 3412.141633 BTU/hr

1kWhr = 3600kJ (kilo joules)

1 Gallon Propane = 91,600 BTU

1 Gallon Propane = 4.24 Pounds

1 Pound Propane = 21,603.8 BTU

BBQ tank CAN hold 20#, but usually 16# max (Rhino)

1 kWhr = 3,413 BTU

1 Joule = 1 watt-second = 3600 Watt-Hour

solar energy ~ 1kW/M^2 (per day?)

1 BTU = Energy to raise 1 pound (about a pint) of water 1'F

1 BTU = 778.26 ft-lbf = 10^-5 Therms = 0.293 W-Hr

to raise one gallon of water 1'F = 8.329 BTU

Burning one wooden kitchen match is about 1 BTU

1 gallon of gas contains about 60 kilowatt-hours of chemical energy [or 33.705 kWH ???]

1 liter of Gasoline = 9,000 Watt-Hours

Gasoline contains 13,500 Wh/Kg

~25% of the chemical energy in gasoline is turned into mechanical power in an ICE - even less actually gets to the road ~15%

a car alternator is about about 70% efficient

To raise 1# 1 ft = 0.0003766161 Watt-Hours

To raise 1 gal H2O (8.328676 #) 1 ft = 0.0031367 watt-hours/(gal-ft)

Calorie = energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree C

1 Dietary Calorie = 1 KiloCalorie = energy required to raise the temperature of a liter (1 kG) of water one degree centigrade at sea level.

1 kilocalorie = 3.96566683 BTU

1 Ft-# = 0.000323832 kCal

BBQ Propane Tanks - 2012-12-17

BLUE RHINO Tank Exchange $20 each for 16# and 14#

1 gallon of propane weighs 4.24 pounds

A "full" 20 lb cylinder should have 4.7 gallons of propane in it

Propane = 91,502 BTU/gallon / 3412BTU/kwhr = 26.8 Kwhr/gallon ~~$4.02/gallon electrical equivilent - so any propane less than $4/gallon is cheaper than electric

A FULL tank should weight 20 pounds PLUS the Taire Weight (listed on tank as TW-##)

Above $20 tanks held 16# an 14# (Each weighed total 32#, one w/ TR=16 and one TR=18)

16# = 345,660 BTU = 101 Kwhr = $19.99/101 = $.198/Kwhr

14# = 302,453 BTU = 89 Kwhr = $19.99/89 = $0.225/Kwhr

20# = 432,075 = 127 Kwhr = $19.99/127 = $0.157/Kwhr

SO..... It is CHEAPER to use ELECTRICITY, even if propane was 100% efficient, AND I got 20#

BUT U-Haul sells for $3.99/gallon which is cheaper than Rhino

$3.99/gal /26.8Kwhr/gal = $0.149/gallon, same price as Electric, more or less.

STEAM (water)

-Heat of Vaporization of Water = 2257kJ/kg

-about 8090 BTU to turn 1 gallon water to steam

-It takes 970 BTU's to turn 1 pound of 212 degree F water to 212 degree F steam at atmospheric

-It takes 1 BTU to raise 1 pound water 1'F

-143 BTUs to freeze one pound of water

==To Boil Water== 1 Gallon

-To bring water from 60'F to 212'F

371 watt-hr / 1,266 BTU ~$0.06 @ .15/kwhr

-to vaporize

8,079 BTU / 2,367 watt-hr ~~$0.36 @ .15/kwhr

FREEZING (water)

==To FREEZE Water== 1 Gallon

-to cool 60'F water to 32.2'F

68 watt-hr / 232 BTU

-To freeze from 32.2'F

250 Watt-hr / 1,191 BTU

POWER

1 BTU/Hour = 0.2928104 watts

1 Horse Power = 745.6999 Watts

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AREA

1 square foot = 0.09290304 square meter

1 square inch = 0.00064516 square meter

1 square inch = 645.2 mm^2

1 square yard = 0.83612736 square meter

1 acre (ac) = 0.4047 hectare (ha)

1 acre = 4047 m^2

1 square mile = 2.590 km^2

1 acre = 43,560 sf

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TOURQUE / Bending Moment

1 ft-lb = 1.356 N.m

1 In-lb = 0.113 N.M

1 N.M = 0.737 ft-lb

1 N.M = 8.85 In-lb

TORQUE/HORSEPOWER

1 Kg-meters = 7.23300 Ft-lbs

1HP(metric) = 542.5 Ft-lb/sec

1 horsepower =

1kW = 1.341 HP 1HP = 1.014 metric HP

1kWHr = 2655224 Ft-lbf

1HP = 550 Ft-Lb/Sec = 746 watts = 42.4 BTU/Min

Force*Distance/time = Work / time

To get BHP (barrel Horsepower) from torque you

must convert RPM to Radians / Sec so:

HP = Torque * RPM / 5252 (5252.113122)

= { torque * RPM * 2 * PI /60}/ {550ft#/sec}

1 hp = 33,000 foot-pounds per minute

1 foot-pound = the amount of work done when lifting 1 pound, 1 foot = 0.0003766161 Watt-hours

1 horsepower = 746 watts

Generally, assume that a 1 hp electric motor will do the work of a 2 to 3 hp Internal Combustion Engine.

FOUR DEFINITIONS OF HP

1 International Hp = 745.70 Watts

1 Electric Hp = 746.00 Watts

1 Metric Hp = 735.50 Watts

1 Water Hp = 746.04 Watts

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Mass/unit length

1 pound/foot (plf) = 1.488 kg/m

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Mass/unit area

1 pound/square-foot (psf) = 4.882 kg/m^2

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Mass density

1 pound/cubic-foot (pcf) = 16.02 kg/m^3

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Force/unit length

1 Pound/Foot (plf) = 14.59 N/m

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ANGLES

1 degree = 0.01745 radians

2*pi radians = 360 degrees = 6.2831853 Radians

1 radian = 57.2958 degrees

1 degree = 0.01745329 radians (17.5 miliradians)

1 miliradian = .001 Radians = 0.0572958 degrees

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Acceleration

1 f/s^2 = 0.3048 m/s^2

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FUEL CONSUMPTION

(ex. 10 mpg = (10*.425..) gives 4.25kM/Liter

Gallons/Mile = 2.352141459 Liters/ kM

Gallons/Mile = 235.2141459 Liters/100 kM

MPG = .425144498 kM/Liter

MPG = 0.264172051 Miles/Liter

MPG = to get Liters/100 km => (235.2141459/MPG)

kM/Liter = 2.352141459 MPG

Miles/liter = 3.7854118 MPG

Liters/100 kM =

to get MPG => (235.2141459/[Liters/100 km])

miles/liter = 3.79 mpg = 1.61 kM/liter

kM/liter = 2.35 mpg = .62 miles/liter

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BERNOULLI EQUATION

p1 + 1/2 ρ v12 = p2 + 1/2 ρ v22

where

p = pressure

ρ = density

v = flow velocity



to help with calcs

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FINANCE FORMULAS

Today's value of a future value due to inflation

Today's value = Future value * (1-infl)^years

So if we have $100 20 years from now, what is it worth now if inflation is 8%?

=100*(1-.08)^20

Alternately, if something costs $100 now, what will it cost 20 years from now?

=100*(1+.08)^20

A=Amount

P=Principle

i=Rate

n=periods (years etc)

Compound interest

A = P(1+i)^n

Present Value P = A/(1+i)^n = A(1+i)^-n

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CENTRIPITAL FORCE/ACCELERATION

Centripital Acceleration a=V^2/R

V = velocity R=radius a=acceleration

Centripital force = Mass*Acceleration = M*a

F= M*V^2/R = wR = 2*PI*R/T

W=rotational speed T=period of rotation

Remember, the top of a tire on the road is going twice as fast as forward speed.

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OTHER

GOLD - 24 carat - 100% pure or 999 fine

1 ounce = .75 Troy Ounce

JAN12 - gold = ~$1,660/troy ounce

1 pound = 12 troy ounce

1 pound = $19920 @ $1,660/troy

$1M ~ 602 troy ounce ~ 50 pounds @ $1,660/t

Karat = = 24*Mg/Mm

Mg = Mass Gold (or Platinum)

Mm = Mass other metals

Therefore, 24-Karat gold is fine (99.9% Au w/w), 18-Karat gold is 18 parts gold 6 parts another metal (forming an alloy), 12-Karat gold is 12 parts gold (12 parts another metal), and so forth.

Pennyweight (dwt) = 24 grains, 1⁄20 (.05) troy ounce = 1.55517384 grammes ~ 0.054857 avoirdupois ounce

Troy ounce = 31.1034768 grams ~1.09714 avoirdupois ounces

1 US nickel = 5 grams, and is 2 cm in diameter

20 US nickels = 100 grams

1 US penny = 2.5 Grams

80 pennys = 200 grams

all US bills weight 1 gram

6.14"×2.61"×0.0043" = 156 × 66.3 × 0.11 mm

$1 million in $1 bills = 2202.6 pounds (1000 kg) (one million grams, a thousand kilograms, or one metric ton.)

$1 million in $100 bills = 22 pounds (10 kg)

- 1 stack of bills 48.82 inches high

- 4 stacks a little over a foot high

- 6 stacks a little over 20 cm high ~~8"

-~~ 782.4 cubic inches

~~ 2 stacks of 8/5x11 paper 4.2" high

I=Watts/Volts

R=V/I

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STANDARDS/CONSTANTS

Gravity = 9.80665 m/s2 // ~32.174 ft/s2

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WEB-SITES







Assortment related to Coins/gold/antiquities:

coinpapers/misc/weights.html





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ASCII & extended ASCII

Keyboard = 032 - 127

009=TAB

064=@ 145=æ 146=Æ 156=£ 159=ƒ 166=ª 167=º

168=¿ 171=½ 172=¼ 173=¡ 176=░ 177=▒ 178=▓

219=█ 220=▄ 221=▌ 222=▐ 223=▀ 224=α 225=ß

226=Γ 227=π 228=Σ 229=σ 230=µ 231=τ 232=Φ

234=Ω 235=δ 236=∞ 237=φ 238=ε 239=∩ 240=≡

241=± 242=≥ 243=≤ 244=⌠ 245=⌡ 246=÷ 247=≈

248=° 249=∙ 250=· 251=√ 252=ⁿ 253=² 254=■

Spanish

164=ñ 168=¿ 173=¡ 162=ó 144=É

130=é 161=í 160=á 163=ú 165=Ñ

129=ü 0151=— 0193=Á 0205=Í 0211=Ó

0218=Ú 0220=Ü

POLISH

„”—ąćęłńóśżź

„”—ĄĆĘŁŃÓŚŻŹ

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MATERIALS

Spec. # per

SYM NAME Grav. Ft.^3

Al Aluminum 2.7 168.5

As Arsenide

Be Beryllium

.. Brass 80%Cu 8.6 536.6

.. Brass 50%Cu 8.2 511.7

Bronze 90%Cu 8.78 547.9

Ca Calcium

Cu Copper 8.89 554.7

Ga Gallium

Au Gold 19.30 1204.3

He Helium

H Hydrogen

In Indium

.. Iron 7.03-7.73 438.7-482.4 cast

Fe Iron 7.8-7.9 486.7-493.0 Wrought

Pb Lead 11.342 707.7

Li Lithium

Mg Magnesium 1.74 108.6

P Phosphorus

K Potassium

Rb Rubidium

Na Sodium

.. Steel ...... 489.0-490.8

Ti Titanium 4.5 280.1

W Tungston

-Titanium is a little more than half the weight of steel

-Water is most dense at 39'F (4'C)

..........................................

CH3OH Methanol

CH4 Methane

CO Carbon Monoxide

CO2 Carbon Dioxide

H2 Hydrogen (Diatomic)

H2O dihydrogen monoxide = water

STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (Typical alloys)

TENSILE

MATERIAL STRENGTH NEEDS TO BE CONFIRMED

STAINLESS ~80ksi this varies with type

TITANIUM ~145ksi this varies with type

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MEASURES

FLOW

1 gpm = 0.0022 cfps = 0.000063 cmps = 3.8 lpm

1 cfps = 449 gpm = 0.283 cmps = 1,700 lpm

ABREVIATIONS

atm = atmospheres

BTU = British Thermal Units

cf = f^3 = cu. ft. = cubic foot

cfm = cfpm = Cubic Feet per minute

ci = in^3 = cu. in. = cubic inch

cm = m^3 = cubic meter

cms = cmps = cumic meters per second

gpm = Gallons per minute

in = " = inches

ft = ' = feet

hp = horsepower

hr = hour

kg = kilogram

kW = kiloWatt

lb = # = pound

m = meter

mm = milimeter

psi = pound per square inch

sf = f^2 = square foot

W = watt

Pico (p) = 10^-12 = .000 000 000 001

Nano (n) = 10^-9 = .000 000 001 = 1 billionth

Micro (m) = 10^-6 = .000 001 = 1 millionth

Milli (m) = 10^-3 = .001 = 1 thousandth

Kilo (K) = 10^3 = 1,000

Mega (M) = 10^6 = 1,000,000 = million

Giga (G) = 10^9 = 1,000,000,000 = Billion

Metric Prefixes

Multiplication Factors Prefix Symbol

1E+24 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000yotta Y

1E+21 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 zetta Z

1E+18 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 exa E

1E+15 1,000,000,000,000,000 peta P

1E+12 1,000,000,000,000 tera T

1E+9 1,000,000,000 giga G

1E+6 1,000,000 mega M

1E+3 1,000 kilo k

1E+2 100 hecto h

1E+1 10 deka da

1E+0 1 - -

1E-1 0.1 deci d

1E-2 0.01 centi c

1E-3 0.001 milli m

1E-6 0.000 001 micro µ

1E-9 0.000 000 001 nano n

1E-12 0.000 000 000 001 pico p

1E-15 0.000 000 000 000 001 femto f

1E-18 0.000 000 000 000 000 001 atto a

1E-21 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001 zepto z

1E-24 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001yocto y

1baud ussually = 1 bit per second (bps)

1byte=1B=8Bits=8b

gigabyte=gB=1,073,741,824 decimal bytes

Megabyte=mB=1,000,000 bytes=1,048,576 dec.bytes

====================|=====================

ELECTRICAL

Ohms Law V=IR=P/I P=IV=I^2R=V^2/R

Parrallel Resistance

RT=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)

or RT=1/(1/R1+1/R2+.....1/RN

RMS AC Volts = Root Mean Square

= .707*Peak AC volts

Vpeak = Vrms * 1.4

Equivalent Work of DC voltage

Average AC Volts = .637*Peak AC Volts

Impedence = Z Ohms law V=IZ P=E*I*Cos(f)

Capacitance Series CT=1/(1/C1+1/C2+ ..... 1/CN)

Parallel CT=C1+C2+....CN

CAPACITORS

E = 1/2 * C * (V^2)

E = energy in joules or watt-seconds

C = capacitance in farads

V = voltage in volts

E = 1/2 * C * (V^2)/3600 = Watt-Hours

a AA battery ~ about 4.2 watt-hours ~~

a AA NiMh battery ~ about 3.6 watt-hours ~~16704 FARADS or so the calcs show.

1 amp = one coulomb of charge flowing per second

1 Joule/Sec = 1 watt.

1 joule ~~ 3600 watt-hr

LED Volt Drops Red~1.6V, Green~1.8V, IR~1.3V

Forward Voltage Typical White ~3.3 to 3.6V

Red~2.1

Most can be driven at 20mA

Resistor = (Vs-Vled)/I

White, 12V ~ 470Ω, 4.5V ~ 60Ω, 3.6V ~ 15Ω

====================|=====================

MATH

(a/b)^x = a^x/b^x a^x/a^y = a^(x-y)

a^-x = 1/a^x (a^x)(a^y) = a^(x+y)

(a^x)^y = a^(xy) a^(x/y) = yva^x

a^(1/x) = xva

2^6=64 64^(1/6)=2

Log10 = Log Log 2 = 100 (because 10^2 = 100)

Log .01 = -2 numbers less than 1 are negative

Log (A*B) = Log A + Log B

Log ( A/B) = Log A - Log B

Factorials n! = 1*2*3*...*n except 0!=1

Decibel dB dB = 20 Log ( input / output)

PI = 3.14 = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795

Quadratic Equation aX^2 + bX + c = 0

-b +/- [b^2 - 4ac]^.5

X = ---------------------

2a

====================|=====================

TEMPERATURE

'F = ('c*9/5) + 32 'C = (5/9)*('F - 32)

lead melts = 328ºC = 622.4ºF

Body Temp = 37ºC = 98.6F 68'F = 20'C

40'F = 4.44'C -10'F = -23.33'C

55'C = 131'F -55'C = -67'F

'Kelvin = 'C+273.15

'Rankine = 'K*9/5 = 'F + 459.67

Aproximate conversion from celsius to farenhieght

C*2 + 32 (for each 10 over 0 subtract 2 degrees)

The last step makes it exact =>

C*2 + 32 - .2*C = EXACT

(C*2)*(1-.1) + 32 = EXACT [2*C - 10% + 32]

OR (C+15)*2 - this is fairly close

This is not as close at freezing

'C = [(F-32)/2]*1.1 = EXACT

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WIRE RESISTANCE

Wire Resistance

Copper Wire Resistance Relative To copper

AWG DIA (in) O / Ft Silver 0.936

10 .1019 .0009989 Copper 1.000

12 .0808 .001588 Gold 1.403

14 .0641 .002525 Chromium 1.530

16 .0508 .004016 Aluminum 1.549

18 .0403 .006385 Tungsten 3.2.3

20 .0320 .01015 Brass 4.822

22 .0254 .01614 Phosphor-Bronze 5.533

24 .0201 .02567 Nickel 5.786

26 .0159 .04081 Iron 5.799

28 .0126 .06490 Tin 6.702

30 .0100 .1032 Steel 9.932

32 .0079 .1641 Lead 12.922

34 .0063 .2609 Stainless Steel 52.941

36 .0050 .4148 Nichrome 65.092

38 .0040 .6596

40 .0031 1.049

AWG = American Wire Gauge

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AREAS

Circle PI*R^2 [circumfrence = PI*D]

Triangle .5bh (base*height) height to op. side

parallelogram = bh

Trapezoid = .5h(b1 + b2) (2 sides parralel)

Parabola = 2/3 base x height = 2/3 b x h

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VOLUMES

Cylinder PI*r^2*h

Volume of Sphere - (4*PI*R^3)/3

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ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY = amount of water in the air

Dew Point Grams water per cubic meter

degrees C air (absolute humidity)

40 51.2

30 30.5

20 17.3

10 9.4

0 4.8

-10 2.3

-20 1.1

@68ºF and 100% relative Humidity

1 cubic meter holds 18grams of water

1 cubic foot holds 0.017979609 oz water

Ideal humidity for comfort is 45%

my house ~1200 ft^2 ~9600 ft^3

@100% humidity = 1.35 gallons total

====================|=====================

RIGHT TRIANGLES

SinA = a/c CosA = b/c Tan A = a/b

Sin = Opposite side/Hypotenuse (long side)

Cos = Adjacent side/Hypotenuse (long side)

TanA = a/b=Opposite/adjacent = sinA/cosA

a=short side b=short side c=long side

A=angle opposite a [] B = angle opposite b

Angles in Radians 360º = 2PI radians

Deg=Rad: 30º=π/6 45º=π/4 60º=π/3 90º=π/2

PI= π =3.14159265 ~ 3.142

Sin(0 ) = SQRT(0/4)[0] COS(0 ) = SQRT(4/4)

Sin(30) = SQRT(1/4)[.5] COS(30) = SQRT(3/4)

Sin(45) = SQRT(2/4)[.707] COS(45) = SQRT(2/4)

Sin(60) = SQRT(3/4)[.866] COS(60) = SQRT(1/4)

Sin(90) = SQRT(4/4)[1] COS(90) = SQRT(0/4)

Pythagorean Theorem c^2=a^2 + b^2

Angles add up to 180

arcsin(x)=sin^-1(x)=what angle has sine = x

also called inverse sin

30-60-90 = 1,sqrt(3),2 45-45-90 = 1,1,sqrt(2)

Triples: 3,4,5 [] 5,12,13 [] 8,15,17 all int.

====================|=====================

GEOMETRIC FORMULAS

CIRCLE center at origin x^2 + y^2 = r^2

center at (h,k) (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2

PARABOLA Y=X^2/(4f) f = focal length

or y= ax^2 + bx +c

radius of curvature near center R = X^2/(2Y)

Radius of Curvature at any point R(X)

R(X) = 2f(1+[X/2f]^2)^1.5 How to calculate the locus of R(X)?

-One of the interesting things about a focal

point is that the distance across the parabola

through the focus is equal to four times the

distance from the focus to the vertex. so

when Y = focal length, X = 2*Y or diameter of

a parabolic dish = 4 times focal length if as

deep as focal length

====================|=====================

RADIO FREQUENCY

Frequency L = c/f L = wavelength (m)

f=frequency(Hz) c=speed of light (3x10^8 m/sec)

OR L=300,000,000/f

Wavelength in Feet: L=984,000,000/f

Microwave 300-3000GHz 1mm - 100mm wavelength

TV 2-6/54-88Mhz 7-13/174-216MHz 14-83/470-890MHz

2-4, f (in MHz) = (6 x channel_number) + 45

5 & 6 f (in MHz) = (6 x channel_number) + 49

7-13 f (in MHz) = (6 x channel_number) + 135

14 & up f(in MHz) = (6 x channel_number) + 389

AM Radio .54 - 1.6 MHz

1,822 - 615.00 Ft wavelength

Civil Defense frequencies 640 Khz & 1240 Khz

FM Radio 88.0-108.0MHz

11.18 - 9.11 Ft wavelength

Police etc 153-155MHz and 158-159MHz

CB around 26.9-27.4MHz

Short Wave Radio - most are 1 to 6 MHz???

2.3-2.498MHz International Broadcasts

5.95-6.2MHz International Broadcasts

7.0-7.3MHz International Broadcasts

9.5-9.9MHz International Broadcasts

10.15-11.175MHz International Broadcasts

11.7-11.975MHz International Broadcasts

21.45-21.85MHz International Broadcasts

25.67-26.1MHz International Broadcasts

HAM Radio 148 to 1.8 MHz

varies between 2 meters and 160 meters

====================|=====================

ASTRONOMIC INFO

r = 1 Astronomical Unit = Distance from Earth to Sun = 150,000,000 kM = 93,205,680 Miles

1 earth year = 365.5 days = 8,766 hours = 525,960 minutes = 31,557,600 seconds

Earth orbit circumference ~ 10^9 km ~ 6,213,712,000 Miles

Speed of earth, average = 30 kM/Sec = 67,108 MPH

Planet Order Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto

units commonly used for Earth orientation:

1 mas = 1 milliarcsecond = 1 thousandth of a second of arc (for polar motion & nutation);

1 ms = 1 millisecond = 1 thousandth of a second of time (for UT1);

1 mas equals an equatorial shift at the Earth's surface of 3.1 cm;

1 ms equals the time it takes for the Earth to spin 15 mas (46.5 cm at the equator)

====================|=====================

ASSORTED

====================|=====================

CONSTANTS

Gravity = 9.80665 m/s^2 (NOT gravitational constant G) = 32.2 ft/s^2

Speed of light = 186,282 miles/second

====================|=====================

BALLISTICS

w/o air resistance:

Max Height = Zmax

Zmax = V²sin²(Φ)/(2g)

V = Muzzle Velocity

Φ = angle from horizontal

g = gravity

Range = V²Sin(2Φ)/g

====================|=====================

en/

science/length.html

Cubs/Calculator.htm

good info on the web



====================|=====================

NOTES/FACTS ETC.

-Distance to Sun = 149,000,000 KM ~ 93,000,000 miles

-Diameter of sun = 1,390,000 KM ~863,706 miles

a reflection will grow about 1% of distance so a 1 meter mirror will look like 3 meters at 300 meters away. ???

=Angle to outer edges of sun.

-Moon orbits earth ~238,000 miles ~ 382,900 km

-Liquid spun at ω to get a parabola

The shape of the surface is given by z = (ω^2/2g)r^2. This is a parabola with focal length f = g/2ω^2

=focal length f of a rotating liquid turns out to be f = g/2(ω)^2

g is the acceleration of gravity

ω is the angular velocity (radians per second) of the liquid.

======================|=======================

====== TOURQUE =======

======================|=======================

1 ft-lb = 1.356 N.m

1 In-lb = 0.113 N.M

1 N.M = 0.737 ft-lb

1 N.M = 8.85 In-lb

FT-# IN-# NM

10 120 13.56

15 180 20.34

16 192 21.7

20 240 27.12

23 276 31.2

25 300 33.90

30 360 40.67

35 420 47.45

40 480 54.23

45 540 61.01

50 600 67.79

55 660 74.57

60 720 81.35

65 780 88.13

70 840 94.91

75 900 101.69

80 960 108.47

85 1,020 115.24

90 1,080 122.02

95 1,140 128.80

100 1,200 135.58

105 1,260 142.36

110 1,320 149.14

115 1,380 155.92

120 1,440 162.70

125 1,500 169.48

130 1,560 176.26

135 1,620 183.04

140 1,680 189.81

145 1,740 196.59

150 1,800 203.37

155 1,860 210.15

160 1,920 216.93

165 1,980 223.71

170 2,040 230.49

175 2,100 237.27

180 2,160 244.05

185 2,220 250.83

190 2,280 257.61

195 2,340 264.38

200 2,400 271.16

205 2,460 277.94

210 2,520 284.72

215 2,580 291.50

220 2,640 298.28

225 2,700 305.06

230 2,760 311.84

235 2,820 318.62

240 2,880 325.40

245 2,940 332.18

250 3,000 338.95

255 3,060 345.73

260 3,120 352.51

265 3,180 359.29

270 3,240 366.07

275 3,300 372.85

280 3,360 379.63

285 3,420 386.41

290 3,480 393.19

295 3,540 399.97

300 3,600 406.75

305 3,660 413.52

310 3,720 420.30

315 3,780 427.08

320 3,840 433.86

325 3,900 440.64

330 3,960 447.42

335 4,020 454.20

=====================|=======================

IN-# FT-# NM

25 2.1 2.82

30 2.5 3.39

35 2.9 3.95

40 3.3 4.52

45 3.8 5.08

50 4.2 5.65

55 4.6 6.21

60 5.0 6.78

65 5.4 7.34

70 5.8 7.91

75 6.3 8.47

80 6.7 9.04

85 7.1 9.60

90 7.5 10.17

95 7.9 10.73

100 8.3 11.30

105 8.8 11.86

110 9.2 12.43

115 9.6 12.99

120 10.0 13.56

125 10.4 14.12

130 10.8 14.69

135 11.3 15.25

140 11.7 15.82

145 12.1 16.38

150 12.5 16.95

155 12.9 17.51

160 13.3 18.08

165 13.8 18.64

170 14.2 19.21

175 14.6 19.77

180 15.0 20.34

185 15.4 20.90

190 15.8 21.47

195 16.3 22.03

200 16.7 22.60

205 17.1 23.16

210 17.5 23.73

215 17.9 24.29

220 18.3 24.86

225 18.8 25.42

230 19.2 25.99

235 19.6 26.55

240 20.0 27.12

245 20.4 27.68

250 20.8 28.25

255 21.3 28.81

260 21.7 29.38

265 22.1 29.94

270 22.5 30.51

275 22.9 31.07

280 23.3 31.64

285 23.8 32.20

290 24.2 32.77

295 24.6 33.33

300 25.0 33.90

305 25.4 34.46

310 25.8 35.03

315 26.3 35.59

320 26.7 36.16

325 27.1 36.72

330 27.5 37.28

335 27.9 37.85

340 28.3 38.41

345 28.8 38.98

350 29.2 39.54

355 29.6 40.11

==================|=======================

NM FT-# IN-#

1 0.7 9

1.5 1.1 13

2 1.5 18

3 2.2 27

4 3.0 35

5 3.7 44

6 4.4 53

7 5.2 62

8 5.9 71

9 6.6 80

9.5 7 84

10 7.4 89

11 8.1 97

12 8.9 106

13 9.6 115

14 10.3 124

15 11.1 133

16 11.8 142

17 12.5 150

18 13.3 159

19 14.0 168

20 14.8 177

21 15.5 186

22 16.2 195

23 17.0 204

24 17.7 212

25 18.4 221

26 19.2 230

27 19.9 239

28 20.7 248

29 21.4 257

30 22.1 266

31 22.9 274

32 23.6 283

33 24.3 292

34 25.1 301

35 25.8 310

36 26.6 319

37 27.3 327

38 28.0 336

39 28.8 345

40 29.5 354

41 30.2 363

42 31.0 372

43 31.7 381

44 32.5 389

45 33.2 398

46 33.9 407

47 34.7 416

48 35.4 425

49 36.1 434

50 36.9 443

51 37.6 451

52 38.4 460

53 39.1 469

54 39.8 478

55 40.6 487

56 41.3 496

57 42.0 504

58 42.8 513

59 43.5 522

60 44.3 531

61 45.0 540

62 45.7 549

63 46.5 558

64 47.2 566

65 47.9 575

66 48.7 584

67 49.4 593

68 50.2 602

69 51 611

70 52 620

75 55 664

79 58.2 699

80 59 708

85 63 752

90 66 797

95 70 841

100 74 885

110 81 974

120 88 1062

130 96 1151

140 103 1239

150 111 1328

160 118 1416

170 125 1505

180 133 1593

190 140 1682

200 147 1770

210 155 1859

220 162 1947

230 170 2036

240 177 2124

250 184 2213

260 192 2301

270 199 2390

280 206 2478

290 214 2567

300 221 2655

310 228 2744

320 236 2832

330 243 2921

340 251 3009

350 258 3098

360 265 3186

370 273 3275

380 280 3363

390 287 3452

400 295 3540

410 302 3629

420 310 3717

430 317 3806

440 324 3894

450 332 3983

460 339 4071

=================|==================

=== FRACTIONS ===

=================|==================

1 inch = 25.4 millimeter

1 mm = 0.0394 inch

FRACTION INCH MM

1/64 0.0156 0.40

1/32 0.0313 0.79

3/64 0.0469 1.19

1/16 0.0625 1.59

5/64 0.0781 1.98

3/32 0.0938 2.38

7/64 0.1094 2.78

1/8 0.1250 3.18

9/64 0.1406 3.57

5/32 0.1563 3.97

11/64 0.1719 4.37

3/16 0.1875 4.76

13/64 0.2031 5.16

7/32 0.2188 5.56

15/64 0.2344 5.95

1/4 0.2500 6.35

17/64 0.2656 6.75

9/32 0.2813 7.14

19/64 0.2969 7.54

5/16 0.3125 7.94

21/64 0.3281 8.33

11/32 0.3438 8.73

23/64 0.3594 9.13

3/8 0.3750 9.53

25/64 0.3906 9.92

13/32 0.4063 10.32

27/64 0.4219 10.72

7/16 0.4375 11.11

29/64 0.4531 11.51

15/32 0.4688 11.91

31/64 0.4844 12.30

1/2 0.5000 12.70

33/64 0.5156 13.10

17/32 0.5313 13.49

35/64 0.5469 13.89

9/16 0.5625 14.29

37/64 0.5781 14.68

19/32 0.5938 15.08

39/64 0.6094 15.48

5/8 0.6250 15.88

41/64 0.6406 16.27

21/32 0.6563 16.67

43/64 0.6719 17.07

11/16 0.6875 17.46

45/64 0.7031 17.86

23/32 0.7188 18.26

47/64 0.7344 18.65

3/4 0.7500 19.05

49/64 0.7656 19.45

25/32 0.7813 19.84

51/64 0.7969 20.24

13/16 0.8125 20.64

53/64 0.8281 21.03

27/32 0.8438 21.43

55/64 0.8594 21.83

7/8 0.8750 22.23

57/64 0.8906 22.62

29/32 0.9063 23.02

59/64 0.9219 23.42

15/16 0.9375 23.81

61/64 0.9531 24.21

31/32 0.9688 24.61

63/64 0.9844 25.00

1 1.0000 25.40

=================|==================

== INCH to MM ==

=================|==================

1 inch = 25.4 millimeter

1 mm = 0.0394 inch

INCH MM

0.001 0.025

0.002 0.051

0.003 0.076

0.004 0.102

0.005 0.127

0.006 0.152

0.007 0.178

0.008 0.203

0.009 0.229

0.010 0.254

0.011 0.279

0.012 0.305

0.013 0.330

0.014 0.356

0.015 0.381

0.016 0.406

0.017 0.432

0.018 0.457

0.019 0.483

0.020 0.508

0.021 0.533

0.022 0.559

0.023 0.584

0.024 0.610

0.025 0.635

0.026 0.660

0.027 0.686

0.028 0.711

0.029 0.737

0.030 0.762

0.031 0.787

0.032 0.813

0.033 0.838

0.034 0.864

0.035 0.889

0.036 0.914

0.037 0.940

0.038 0.965

0.039 0.991

0.040 1.016

=================|==================

== MM to INCH ==

=================|==================

1 inch = 25.4 millimeter

1 mm = 0.0394 inch

MM INCH

0.025 0.001

0.050 0.002

0.075 0.003

0.100 0.004

0.125 0.005

0.150 0.006

0.175 0.007

0.200 0.008

0.225 0.009

0.250 0.010

0.275 0.011

0.300 0.012

0.325 0.013

0.350 0.014

0.375 0.015

0.400 0.016

0.425 0.017

0.450 0.018

0.475 0.019

0.500 0.020

0.525 0.021

0.550 0.022

0.575 0.023

0.600 0.024

0.625 0.025

0.650 0.026

0.675 0.027

0.700 0.028

0.725 0.029

0.750 0.030

0.775 0.031

0.800 0.031

0.825 0.032

0.850 0.033

0.875 0.034

0.900 0.035

0.925 0.036

0.950 0.037

0.975 0.038

1.000 0.039

================|=================

== CM to INCH ===

================|=================

1 inch = 2.54 cm

1 cm = 0.3937 inch

cm INCH

1 0.394

2 0.787

3 1.181

4 1.575

5 1.969

6 2.362

7 2.756

8 3.150

9 3.543

10 3.937

15 5.906

20 7.874

25 9.843

30 11.811

35 13.780

40 15.748

45 17.717

50 19.685

55 21.654

60 23.622

65 25.591

70 27.559

75 29.528

80 31.496

85 33.465

90 35.433

95 37.402

100 39.370

================|=================

== INCH to cm ===

================|=================

INCH cm

0.25 0.098

0.50 0.197

0.75 0.295

1.00 0.394

1.50 0.591

2.00 0.787

2.50 0.984

3.00 1.181

3.50 1.378

4.00 1.575

4.50 1.772

5.00 1.969

5.50 2.165

6.00 2.362

6.50 2.559

7.00 2.756

7.50 2.953

8.00 3.150

8.50 3.346

9.00 3.543

9.50 3.740

10.00 3.937

10.50 4.134

11.00 4.331

11.50 4.528

12.00 4.724

================|=================

== BIKE SHIMS ==

================|=================

mm INCH full inch

2.65 0.104 0.10433

2.60 0.102 0.10236

2.55 0.100 0.10039

2.50 0.098 0.09843

2.45 0.096 0.09646

2.40 0.094 0.09449

2.35 0.093 0.09252

2.30 0.091 0.09055

2.25 0.089 0.08858

2.20 0.087 0.08661

2.15 0.085 0.08465

2.10 0.083 0.08268

2.05 0.081 0.08071

2.00 0.079 0.07874

1.95 0.077 0.07677

1.90 0.075 0.07480

1.85 0.073 0.07283

1.80 0.071 0.07087

1.75 0.069 0.06890

1.70 0.067 0.06693

1.65 0.065 0.06496

1.60 0.063 0.06299

1.55 0.061 0.06102

1.50 0.059 0.05906

1.45 0.057 0.05709

1.40 0.055 0.05512

1.35 0.053 0.05315

1.30 0.051 0.05118

1.25 0.049 0.04921

1.20 0.047 0.04724

1.15 0.045 0.04528

1.10 0.043 0.04331

1.05 0.041 0.04134

1.00 0.039 0.03937

0.95 0.037 0.03740

0.90 0.035 0.03543

0.85 0.033 0.03346

0.80 0.031 0.03150

0.75 0.030 0.02953

================|================

================|=================

==== DRILL SIZES =====

================|=================

DRILL SIZES

DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS

DRILL DECIMAL

SIZE EQUIVALENT

#80 .0135"

#79 .0145

1/64" .0156

#78 .0160

#77 .0180

#76 .0200

#75 .0210

#74 .0225

#73 .0240

#72 .0250

#71 .0260

#70 .0280

#69 .0292

#68 .0310

1/32" .0313

.80mm .0315

#67 .0320

#66 .0330

.85mm .0335

#65 .0350

.90mm .0354

#64 .0360

#63 .0370

.95mm .0374

#62 .0380

#61 .0390

1.00mm .0394

#60 .0400

#59 .0410

1.05mm .0413

#58 .0420

#57 .0430

1.10mm .0433

1.15mm .0453

#56 .0465

3/64" .0469

1.20mm .0472

1.25mm .0492

1.30mm .0512

#55 .0520

1.35mm .0531

#54 .0550

1.40mm .0551

1.45mm .0571

1.50mm .0591

#53 .0595

1.55mm .0610

1/16" .0625

1.60mm .0630

#52 .0635

1.65mm .0650

1.70mm .0669

#51 .0670

1.75mm .0689

#50 .0700

1.80mm .0709

1.85mm .0728

#49 .0730

1.90mm .0748

#48 .0760

1.95mm .0768

5/64" .0781

#47 .0785

2.00mm .0787

2.05mm .0807

#46 .0810

#45 .0820

2.10mm .0827

2.15mm .0846

#44 .0860

2.20mm .0866

2.25mm .0886

#43 .0890

2.30mm .0906

2.35mm .0925

#42 .0935

3/32" .0938

2.40mm .0945

#41 .0960

2.45mm .0965

#40 .0980

2.50mm .0984

#39 .0995

2.55mm .1004

#38 .1015

2.60mm .1024

#37 .1040

2.65mm .1043

2.70mm .1063

#36 .1065

2.75mm .1083

7/64" .1094

#35 .1100

2.80mm .1102

#34 .1110

2.85mm .1122

#33 .1130

2.90mm .1142

#32 .1160

2.95mm .1161

3.00mm .1181

#31 .1200

3.10mm .1220

3.15mm .1240

1/8" .1250

3.20mm .1260

3.25mm .1280

#30 .1285

3.30mm .1299

3.40mm .1339

#29 .1360

3.50mm .1378

#28 .1405

9/64" .1406

3.60mm .1417

#27 .1440

3.70mm .1457

#26 .1470

3.75mm .1476

#25 .1495

3.80mm .1496

#24 .1520

3.90mm .1535

#23 .1540

5/32" .1562

#22 .1570

4.00mm .1575

#21 .1590

#20 .1610

4.10mm .1614

4.20mm .1654

#19 .1660

4.25mm .1673

4.30mm .1693

#18 .1695

11/64" .1719

#17 .1730

4.40mm .1732

#16 .1770

4.50mm .1772

#15 .1800

4.60mm .1811

#14 .1820

#13 .1850

4.70mm .1850

4.75mm .1870

3/16" .1875

#12 .1890

4.80mm .1890

#11 .1910

4.90mm .1929

#10 .1935

#9 .1960

5.00mm .1969

#8 .1990

5.10mm .2008

#7 .2010

13/64" .2031

#6 .2040

5.20mm .2047

#5 .2055

5.25mm .2067

5.30mm .2087

$4 .2090

5.40mm .2126

#3 .2130

5.50mm .2165

7/32" .2188

5.60mm .2205

#2 .2210

5.70mm .2244

5.75mm .2264

#1 .2280

5.80mm .2283

5.90mm .2323

A .2340

15/64" .2344

6.00mm .2362

B .2380

6.10mm .2402

C .2420

6.20mm .2441

D .2460

6.25mm .2461

6.30mm .2480

1/4" .2500

E .2500

6.40mm .2520

6.50mm .2559

F .2570

6.60mm .2598

G .2610

6.70mm .2638

17/64" .2656

6.75mm .2657

H .2660

6.80mm .2677

6.90mm .2717

I .2720

7.00mm .2756

J .2770

7.10mm .2795

K .2810

9/32" .2812

7.20mm .2835

7.25mm .2854

7.30mm .2874

L .2900

7.40mm .2913

M .2950

7.50mm .2953

19/64" .2969

7.60mm .2992

N .3020

7.70mm .3031

7.80mm .3071

7.90mm .3110

5/16" .3125

8.00mm .3150

O .3160

8.10mm .3189

8.20mm .3228

P .3230

8.25mm .3248

8.30mm .3268

21/64" .3281

8.40mm .3307

Q .3320

8.50mm .3346

8.60mm .3386

R .3390

8.70mm .3425

11/32" .3438

8.75mm .3445

8.80mm .3465

S .3480

8.90mm .3504

9.00mm .3543

T .3580

9.10mm .3583

23/64" .3594

9.20mm .3622

9.25mm .3642

9.30mm .3661

U .3680

9.40mm .3701

9.50mm .3740

3/8" .3750

V .3770

9.60mm .3780

9.70mm .3819

9.75mm .3839

9.80mm .3858

W .3860

9.90mm .3898

25/64" .3906

10.00mm .3937

X .3970

10.10mm .3976

10.20mm .4016

10.25mm .4035

Y .4040

10.30mm .4055

13/32" .4062

10.40mm .4094

Z .4130

10.50mm .4134

10.60mm .4173

10.70mm .4213

27/64" .4219

10.80mm .4252

10.90mm .4291

11.00mm .4331

11.10mm .4370

7/16" .4375

11.20mm .4409

11.25mm .4429

11.30mm .4449

11.40mm .4488

11.50mm .4528

29/64" .4531

11.60mm .4567

11.70mm .4606

11.75mm .4626

11.80mm .4646

11.90mm .4685

15/32" .4688

12.00mm .4724

31/64" .4844

12.50mm .4921

1/2" .5000

13.00mm .5118

33/64" .5156

17/32" .5313

13.50mm .5315

35/64" .5469

14.00mm .5512

9/16" .5625

14.50mm .5709

37/64" .5781

15.00mm .5906

19/32" .5938

39/64" .6094

15.50mm .6102

5/8" .6250

16.00mm .6299

41/64" .6406

16.50mm .6496

21/32" .6562

17.00mm .6693

43/64" .6719

11/16" .6875

17.50mm .6890

45/64" .7031

18.00mm .7087

23/32" .7188

18.50mm .7283

47/64" .7344

19.00mm .7480

3/4" .7500

49/64" .7656

19.50mm .7677

25/32" .7812

20.00mm .7874

51/64" .7969

20.50mm .8071

13/16" .8125

21.00mm .8268

53/64" .8281

27/32" .8438

21.50mm .8465

55/64" .8594

22.00mm .8661

7/8" .8750

22.50mm .8858

57/64" .8906

23.00mm .9055

29/32" .9062

59/64" .9219

23.50mm .9252

15/16" .9375

24.00mm .9449

61/64" .9531

24.50mm .9646

31/32" .9688

25.00mm .9843

63/64" .9844

1" 1.000

======================|======================

==== TAP DRILL SIZES ====

======================|=======================

TAP DRILL SIZES

Recommended tap drill sizes (for appx. 75% thread) — INCH and METRIC

INCH SIZES - NATIONAL COARSE

----------------------------

TAP DRILL

SIZE SIZE

----------------------------

#0-80 3/64"

#1-64 #53

#2-56 #51

#3-48 5/64"

#4-40 #43

#5-40 #39

#6-32 #36

#8-32 #29

#10-24 #25

#12-24 #17

1/4-20 #7

5/16-18 F

3/8-16 5/16

7/16-14 U

1/2-13 27/64

9/16-12 31/64

5/8-11 17/32

3/4-10 21/32

7/8-9 49/64

1"-8 7/8

1-1/8-7 63/64

1-1/4-7 1-7/64

1-1/2-6 1-11/32

1-3/4-5 1-35/64

2"-4-1/2 1-25/32

----------------------------

INCH SIZES - NATIONAL FINE

----------------------------

TAP DRILL

SIZE SIZE

----------------------------

#1-72 #53

#2-64 #50

#3-56 #46

#4-48 #42

#5-44 #37

#6-40 #33

#8-36 #29

#10-32 #21

#12-28 #15

1/4-28 #3

5/16-24 I

3/8-24 Q

7/16-20 W

1/2-20 29/64

9/16-18 33/64

5/8-18 37/64

3/4-16 11/16

7/8-14 13/16

1"-14 15/16

1-1/8-12 1-3/64

1-1/4-12 1-11/64

1-1/2-12 1-27/64

1-3/4-12 1-43/64

2"-12 1-59/64

----------------------------

TAPER PIPE SIZES - NPT

----------------------------

TAP DRILL

SIZE SIZE

----------------------------

1/8-27 R

1/4-18 7/16

3/8-18 37/64

1/2-14 23/32

3/4-14 59/64

1"-11-1/2 1-5/32

1-1/4-11-1/2 1-1/2

1-1/2-11-1/2 1-47/64

2"-11-1/2 2-7/32

2-1/2-8 2-5/8

3"-8 3-1/4

3-1/2-8 3-3/4

4"-8 4-1/4

----------------------------

STRAIGHT PIPE SIZES - NPS

----------------------------

TAP DRILL

SIZE SIZE

----------------------------

1/8-27 S

1/4-18 29/64

3/8-18 19/32

1/2-14 47/64

3/4-14 15/16

1"-11-1/2 1-3/16

1-1/4-11-1/2 1-33/64

1-1/2-11-1/2 1-3/4

2"-11-1/2 2-7/32

2-1/2-8 2-21/32

3"-8 3-9/32

3-1/2-8 3-25/32

4"-8 4-9/32

METRIC COARSE SIZES

----------------------------------

TAP DRILL DECIMAL

SIZE SIZE EQUIV.(#)

----------------------------------

1mm x .25 .75mm

1.1 x .25 .85

1.2 x .25 .95

1.4 x .3 1.10

1.6 x .35 1.25 .0492 #53(3/64)

1.7 x .35 1.30

1.8 x .35 1.45 .0571 #54

2 x .4 1.60 .0630 1/16

2.2 x .45 1.75 .0689 #51

2.5 x .45 2.05 .0807 #41(5/64)

3 x .5 2.50 .0984 #40

3.5 x .6 2.90 .1142 #33

4 x .7 3.30 .1299 #30(1/8)

4.5 x .75 3.70 .1457 #27

5 x .8 4.20 .1654 #19(11/64)

6 x 1 5.00 .1968 #9(13/64)

7 x 1 6.00 .2362 15/64

8 x 1.25 6.70 .2638 G(17/64)

9 x 1.25 7.80

10 x 1.5 8.50 .3346 Q(11/32)

11 x 1.5 9.50

12 x 1.75 10.20 .4016 X(13/32)

14 x 2 12.00 .4724 15/32

16 x 2 14.00 .5512 35/64

18 x 2.5 15.50 .6102 39/64

20 x 2.5 17.50 .6890 11/16

22 x 2.5 19.50 .7677 49/64

24 x 3 21.00 .8268 53/64

27 x 3 24.00 .9449 15/16

30 x 3.5 26.50 1.0433 1-3/64

33 x 3.5 29.50 1.1614

36 x 4 32.00 1.2598 1-1/4

39 x 4 35.00 1.3780

---------------------------------

METRIC FINE SIZES

----------------------------------

TAP DRILL DECIMAL

SIZE SIZE EQUIV.(#)

----------------------------------

4 mm x .35 3.6mm

4 x .5 3.50

5 x .5 4.50

6 x .5 5.50

6 x .75 5.25

7 x .75 6.25

8 x .5 7.50

8 x .75 7.25

8 x 1 7.00 .2756 I(17/64)

9 x 1 8.00

10 x .75 9.25

10 x 1 9.00

10 x 1.25 8.70 .3425 S(11/32)

11 x 1 10.00

12 x .75 11.25

12 x 1 11.00

12 x 1.5 10.50

14 x 1 13.00

14 x 1.25 12.80

14 x 1.5 12.50 .4921 31/64

16 x 1 15.00

16 x 1.5 14.50 .5709 9/16

18 x 1 17.00

18 x 2 16.00

20 x 1 19.00

20 x 1.5 18.50 .7283 23/32

20 x 2 18.00

22 x 1 21.00

22 x 1.5 20.50 .8071 51/64

22 x 2 20.00

24 x 1.5 22.50

24 x 2 22.00 .8661 55/64

26 x 1.5 24.50

27 x 1.5 25.50

27 x 2 25.00 .9843 31/32

28 x 1.5 26.50

30 x 1.5 28.50

30 x 2 28.00

33 x 2 31.00 1.2205

36 x 3 33.00 1.2992

39 x 3 36.00 1.4173

----------------------------

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