Ecology lab
Circuit BasicsElectricity Basicselectrons flowing through a system to power various itemsplumbing is used commonly to relate to these termsvoltage (V)measured in Voltswater pressurecurrent (I) measured in AMPSflow rateresistance (r)measured in ohmspipe sizeFormulasI = V/r ~ Amps = Voltage/ResistanceHow would you solve for V, and r using the formula above?Basic parts of a Circuitpower (Voltage)completes a circuit, starting from the battery, and ending back at the batteryAC/DC are different types of electricWhat is AC/DC stand for??EquipmentACDCPower PlantComputer (Desktop)Electric Saw (Plug-in)TVAlarm ClockFlashlightBasic Circuit flowName some power sources?wire and switcheswire transports the electricityname the safety switch that protects your homes from overloading?loadany item that requires power in order to runAMPS is important hereall have some natural resistance to power to power whatever applicationexamples of loadsLED, Bulb, resistorHow we generate PowerHydroelectricHow it is done it is done minutes on nuclear!!!Disasters it is done Simulationwe are going to use a simulator from the University of Coloradouses Javavery basic, great for us Power (Voltage)water pressure analogypush of electricity in a single direction like a train.track must return to the other end of the power source (battery)common voltages9V batteries120 V household devicescomputers, TVs, etc…Find Battery on the simulation. Determine how to change the voltage of the battery.What is the maximum voltage the simulation can handle?Determine how it can show the current Volts and Internal Resistance (ohms).Determine how you can hide the electrons flowing throughout the circuitThe voltmeter is a device to measure the voltagethe black probe is used for the NEGATIVE side of the batterythe red probe is used for the POSITIVE side of the batteryExample of Voltage Meter usageCreate the example above (Basic Circuit flow) in the simulation. Add a switch to shut the circuit off.Current (AMPS)flow rate of electronsvarious loads require various flowrates to operateModel Trains exampleHO Scale Model Train SignalReal Train SignalWhich one will require more Amps?Which one will require more voltage?All household components have internal resistors that feed the electronics exactly what they need for flow rate and powerAmps ExampleWhy is it .90 Amps??I = V/r ~ Amps = Volt/ResistI = (9 V Battery/ 10 ohm bulb)I = 9/10I = .90 AmpsAdd the Amp meter to your circuit.Resistorsrestrict the flow of electrons (and AMPS and Volts) to a loadthe load may not need as many amps as anotheragain Model HO Signalresistors have difference “resistances”denoted by colored barsread left to rightResistor valuesWhat is the resistance of a resistor when the bars are, Red, Red, Black, Yellow?Effect of resistorsNotice: No resistors attached. Bulb is VERY bright.Notice: Resistor added. Light is not as bright, also Amps is lowerCreate the circuits above. Determine the voltage of each using the volt meter.Voltage of circuit with no resistorVoltage of circuit with resistorSources: ................
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