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1.1 WEB PAGE CREATION USING HTML Aim:To create a web page which includes a map and display the related information when a hot spot is clicked in the map.Procedure:Create a html file with map tag Set the source attribute of the img tag to the location of the image and also set the use map attribute Specify an area with name, shape and href set to the appropriate values Repeat step 3 as many hot spots you want to put in the map Create html files for each and every hot spot the user will selectProgram: ImageMap.html<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Image Map</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY><img src="india_map.jpg" usemap="#metroid" ismap="ismap" > <map name="metroid" id="metroid"><area href='TamilNadu.html' shape='circle' coords='175,495,30' title='TamilNadu'/><area href = "Karnataka.html" shape = "rect" coords = "100,400,150,450" title = "Karnataka" /> <area href = "AndhraPradesh.html" shape = "poly" coords = "150, 415, 175,348,265,360,190,420,190,440" title = "Andhra Pradesh" /><area href = "Kerala.html" shape = "poly" coords = "108,455,150,515,115,490,148,495,110,448,155,501" title = "Kerala" /> </map></BODY> </HTML>TamilNadu.html<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>About Tamil Nadu</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>Tamil Nadu</H1></CENTER> <HR><UL><LI>Area : 1,30,058 Sq. Kms.</LI> <LI>Capital : Chennai</LI> <LI>Language : Tamil</LI> <LI>Population : 6,21,10,839</LI> </UL><hr><a href='ImageMap.html'>India Map</a> </BODY> </HTML>Karnataka.html<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>About Karnataka</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>Karnataka</H1></CENTER><HR><UL><LI>Area : 1,91,791 Sq. Kms</LI> <LI>Capital : Bangalore</LI> <LI>Language : Kannada</LI> <LI>Population : 5,27,33,958</LI> </UL><hr><a href='ImageMap.html'>India Map</a> </BODY></HTML>AndhraPradesh.html<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>About Andhra Pradesh</TITLE> </HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>Andhra Pradesh</H1></CENTER> <HR><UL><LI>Area : 2,75,068 Sq. Kms</LI> <LI>Capital : Hyderabad</LI> <LI>Language : Telugu</LI> <LI>Population : 7,57,27,541</LI></UL><hr><a href='ImageMap.html'>India Map</a></BODY></HTML>Kerala.html<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>About Kerala</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <CENTER><H1>Kerala</H1></CENTER><HR> <UL><LI>Area : 38,863 Sq. Kms.</LI> <LI>Capital : Thiruvananthapuram</LI> <LI>Language : Malayalam</LI> <LI>Population : 3,18,38,619</LI> </UL><hr><a href='ImageMap.html'>India Map</a> </BODY></HTML>Output: Result: Thus the creation of a web page which includes a map and display the related in-formation when a hot spot is clicked in the map was executed successfully1.2 CASCADING STYLE SHEETSAim:To create a web page that displays college information using various style sheetProcedure:Create a web page with frame sets consisting two framesIn the first frame include the linksIn the second frame set display the web page of the linkCreate a external style sheetsCreate a embedded style sheetsCreate a inline and internal style sheets and make it link to the external style sheetsProgram:CSS CODE:External.cssh3{font-family:arial;font-size:20;color:cyan}table{border-color:green}td{font-size:20pt;color:magenta}HTML CODE:Style.html<html><head><h1><center>ALL STYLE SHEETS</center></h1><title>USE of STYLESHEETS</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="External.css" type="text/css"> <!-- External Style Sheet --><style type="text/css"><!-- Internal Style Sheet -->.S1{font-family:verdana; font-style:italic; color:red; text-align:center}.S2{font-family:tahoma; font-style:italic; font-size:20; text-align:center;}font{font-family:georgia; color:blue; font-size:20}ul{list-style-type:circle}</style></head><body><ol style="list-style-type:lower-alpha"><b> Anna University </b><br><br><br><li> University College of Engineering, Nagercoil<li> University College of Engineering, Nellai<li> University College of Engineering, Tuticorin</ol><p style="font-size:20pt;color:purple"> University College of Engineering</p><!-- InlineStyle Sheet --><p class="S2"> Run by Anna University, Chennai<br>It is approved by AICTE.<br></p><h2 class="S1"> University College of Engineering</h2><br><font>Located in Konam, Nagercoil</font><br><br><font><h2>List of Courses offered</h2><ul><li>CSE</li><li>IT</li><li>ECE</li><li>EEE</li><li>MECH</li><li>Civil</li></ul></font><h3>Pass percentage in year 2015</h3><table width="100%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2" border="5"><tr><th>Sl.No</th><th>Dept</th><th>Pass Percentage</th></tr><tr><td align="center">1</td><td align="center">CSE</td><td align="center">80</td></tr><tr><td align="center">2</td><td align="center">ECE</td><td align="center">78</td></tr><tr><td align="center">3</td><td align="center">Mech</td><td align="center">75</td></tr></table></body></html>Output:Result:Thus the creation of a web page that displays college information using various style sheet was successfully executed and verified.1.3 RETRIEVING USER INFORMATION FROM XML DOCUMENTAim: To create and save an XML document at the server, which contain ten users information. To write a program which takes user id as an input and returns the user details by taking the user information from the XML document.Procedure:Save Students information in the XML file on the specific location.Create and establish the connection between html file and XML file.Get the user ID as inputDisplay the student’s information.StudentDetails.xml :<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Student><PersonDetails> <id>101</id> <name>Anand</name> <city>Madurai</city> <Branch>CSE</Branch> <Year>I</Year></PersonDetails> <PersonDetails> <id>102</id> <name>Anu</name> <city>Konam</city> <Branch>CSE</Branch> <Year>II</Year></PersonDetails> <PersonDetails> <id>103</id> <name>Archana</name> <city>Madurai</city> <Branch>CSE</Branch> <Year>I</Year></PersonDetails> <PersonDetails> <id>104</id> <name>Monica</name> <city>Nellai</city> <Branch>CSE</Branch> <Year>III</Year></PersonDetails> </Student>LogIn.html :<!DOCTYPE html><html><head></head><body><script type="text/javascript">function Display(){ if(window.XMLHttpRequest) { xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } xmlhttp.open("GET","UserInfo.xml",false); xmlhttp.send(); xmlDoc=xmlhttp.responseXML; var x=xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("PersonDetails"); var key_id=document.getElementById("key").value; for(i=0;i<x.length;i++) { if(key_id.match(x[i].getElementsByTagName("id")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue)) j=i; } document.write("<h3>User Details are...</h3> <hr> Registeration ID="); document.write(x[j].getElementsByTagName("id")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);document.write("</br> Name="); document.write(x[j].getElementsByTagName("name")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);document.write("</br> City="); document.write(x[j].getElementsByTagName("city")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);document.write("</br> Branch="); document.write(x[j].getElementsByTagName("Branch")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);document.write("</br> Year="); document.write(x[j].getElementsByTagName("Year")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);document.write("</br> "); }</script><form name='myform'>Enter ID:<input type='text' id='key'/><br/><input type='button' value='submit' onclick='Display()'/></form></body></html>Output:Result:Thus the Program takes user id as an input and returns the user details by taking the user information from the XML document has been executed successfully.2.1.1. HTTP REQUESTAim:To write a java socket program to demonstrate HTTP Request.Algorithm:Import all the necessary packagesCreate an URL to the server specifying the html pageGet the host and port details from the URLRequest the file from the server using GET method of HTTP RequestReceive the response from the serverDisplay the response on the consoleProgram:import java.io.*;import .*;public class HTTP{public static void main(String[] args){try{OutputStream to_file = new FileOutputStream("f:\\temp.txt");URL url = newURL("");String protocol = url.getProtocol();String host = url.getHost();int port = url.getPort();if(port == -1) port = 80;String filename =url.getFile();System.out.println(filename);Socket socket = new Socket(host, port);InputStream from_server = socket.getInputStream();PrintWriter to_server = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream());to_server.print("Get" + filename +"\n\n");to_server.flush();byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];int byte_read;while((byte_read = from_server.read(buffer)) != -1){to_file.write(buffer,0,byte_read);System.out.print((char)byte_read);}socket.close();to_file.close();}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}}Output:Result:Thus the java socket program to demonstrate HTTP Request has been executed successfully.2.1.2 FTP – FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOLAim:To write a java program to demonstrate a simple FTP operation.Algorithm:Procedure:FTP Client:Step 1: Establish a connection with the server at a particular portStep 2: Specify the name of the file to be readStep 3: Receive the contents of the file from the serverFTP Server:Step 1: Accept the connection with the clientStep 2: Listen to the port for the name of the file to be sentStep 3: Send the file character by characterStep 4: Terminate the connectionProgram://FTP Client:import java.io.*;import .*;public class FTPClient{public static void main(String[] args){try{Socket client = new Socket("127.0.0.1",10000);PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream());writer.println("f:/demo/HTTP.java");writer.flush();InputStreamReader stream = new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream());BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(stream);String str = null;while((str = reader.readLine()) != null){System.out.println(str);}reader.close();}catch(Exception e){System.out.println("Connection is terminated by the Server");} } }FTP Server:import java.io.*;import .*;public class FTPServer{public static void main(String[] arg){try{ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(10000);Socket client;client= server.accept();InputStreamReader stream = new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream());BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(stream);String filename = reader.readLine();PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream());FileInputStream fileStream = new FileInputStream(new File(filename));int ch;while((ch = fileStream.read()) != -1){writer.write(ch);writer.flush();}writer.close();}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} } }Output:Result:Thus the java program to demonstrate a simple FTP operation has been executed successfully. 2.1.3. SMTP-SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOLAim:To write a java socket program to implement a simple SMTP client.Algorithm:Step 1: Import all necessary packagesStep 2: Establish a connection with the serverStep 3: Read the acceptance from the serverStep 4: Say HELO to the serverStep 5: Read the greeting from the serverStep 6: Send sender address to serverStep 7: Read the verification of sender from serverStep 8: Send recipient address to serverStep 9: Read the verification of recipient from serverStep 10: Send DATA command to the serverStep 11: Read the start indication from serverStep 12: Send the message to the serverStep 13: Read the acceptance of message from serverStep 14: Close the connectionProgram:import java.io.*;import .Socket;public class SMTPClient {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {String results = send("smpt.",25,"sender@","receiver@","Test Email","<b>You got mail!</b>");System.out.println(results);}public static String send(String host,int port,String from,String to,String subject,String message) throws Exception{StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();try {Socket smtpSocket = new Socket(host, port);DataOutputStream output = newDataOutputStream(smtpSocket.getOutputStream());BufferedReader input =new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(newDataInputStream(smtpSocket.getInputStream())));try {read(input, buffer);send(output, "HELLO localhost.localdomain\r\n", buffer);read(input, buffer);send(output, "MAIL FROM: " + from + "\r\n", buffer);read(input, buffer);send(output, "RCPT to: " + to + "\r\n", buffer);read(input, buffer);send(output, "DATA\r\n", buffer);read(input, buffer);send(output, "Subject: " + subject + "\r\n", buffer);send(output, message, buffer);send(output, "\r\n.\r\n", buffer);read(input, buffer);smtpSocket.close();}catch (IOException e) {System.out.println("Cannot send email as an error occurred.");}}catch (Exception e) {System.out.println("Host unknown");}return buffer.toString();}private static void send(DataOutputStream output,String data,StringBuffer buffer)throws IOException{output.writeBytes(data);buffer.append(data);}private static void read(BufferedReader br, StringBuffer buffer) throws IOException{int c;while ((c = br.read()) != -1){buffer.append((char) c);if (c == '\n'){break;}}}}Output:HELLO localhost.localdomain250 smtp. at your serviceMAIL FROM : sender@RCPT TO : receiver@Subject : Test EmailYou got mail!Result:Thus the Java socket program to implement a simple SMTP client has been executed successfully.2.1.4. POP3- Post Office ProtocolAim:To write a java socket program to implement a POP3 Client.Algorithm:Step 1: Get the host name, mailbox user name and password Step 2: Establish the connection with the serverStep 3: Get the number of messages Step 4: Retrieve a message whose number is specified by the user Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the user enters Q to quitProgram:import java.io.*;import .*;import java.util.*;public class Pop3ClientDemo{protected int port = 110;protected String hostname = "localhost";protected String username = "";protected String password = "";protected Socket socket;protected BufferedReader br;protected PrintWriter pw;// Constructs a new instance of the POP3 clientpublic Pop3ClientDemo() throws Exception{try{// Get user inputgetInput();// Get mail messagesdisplayEmails();}catch(Exception e){System.err.println ("Error occured - details follow");e.printStackTrace();System.out.println(e.getMessage());}}// Returns TRUE if POP response indicates success, FALSE if failureprotected boolean responseIsOk() throws Exception{String line = br.readLine();System.out.println("< "+line);return line.toUpperCase().startsWith("+OK");}// Reads a line from the POP server, and displays it to screenprotected String readLine(boolean debug) throws Exception{String line = br.readLine();// Append a < character to indicate this is a server protocol responseif (debug)System.out.println("< "+line);elseSystem.out.println(line);return line;}// Writes a line to the POP server, and displays it to the screenprotected void writeMsg(String msg) throws Exception{pw.println(msg);pw.flush();System.out.println("> "+msg);}// Close all writers, streams and socketsprotected void closeConnection() throws Exception{pw.flush();pw.close();br.close();socket.close();}// Send the QUIT command, and close connectionprotected void sendQuit() throws Exception{System.out.println("Sending QUIT");writeMsg("QUIT");readLine(true);System.out.println("Closing Connection");closeConnection();}// Display emails in a messageprotected void displayEmails() throws Exception{BufferedReader userinput = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in) );System.out.println("Displaying mailbox with protocol commands and responses below");System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");// Open a connection to POP3 serverSystem.out.println("Opening Socket");socket = new Socket(this.hostname, this.port);br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));pw = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));// If response from server is not okayif(! responseIsOk()){socket.close();throw new Exception("Invalid POP3 Server");}// Login by sending USER and PASS commandsSystem.out.println("Sending username");writeMsg("USER "+this.username);if(!responseIsOk()){sendQuit();throw new Exception("Invalid username");}System.out.println("Sending password");writeMsg("PASS "+this.password);if(!responseIsOk()){sendQuit();throw new Exception("Invalid password");}// Get mail count from server ....System.out.println("Checking mail");writeMsg("STAT");// ... and parse for number of messagesString line = readLine(true);StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(line," ");tokens.nextToken();int messages = Integer.parseInt(tokens.nextToken());int maxsize = Integer.parseInt(tokens.nextToken());if (messages == 0){System.out.println ("There are no messages.");sendQuit();return;}System.out.println ("There are " + messages + " messages.");System.out.println("Press enter to continue.");userinput.readLine();for(int i = 1; i <= messages ; i++){System.out.println("Retrieving message number "+i);writeMsg("RETR "+i);System.out.println("--------------------");line = readLine(false);while(line != null && !line.equals(".")){line = readLine(false);}System.out.println("--------------------");System.out.println("Press enter to continue. To stop, type Q then enter");String response = userinput.readLine();if (response.toUpperCase().startsWith("Q"))break;}sendQuit();}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{Pop3ClientDemo client = new Pop3ClientDemo();}// Read user inputprotected void getInput() throws Exception{String data=null;BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.print("Please enter POP3 server hostname:");data = br.readLine();if(data == null || data.equals("")) hostname="localhost";elsehostname=data;System.out.print("Please enter mailbox username:");data = br.readLine();if(!(data == null || data.equals("")))username=data;System.out.print("Please enter mailbox password:");data = br.readLine();if(!(data == null || data.equals("")))password=data;}}Output:Please enter POP3 server hostname:localhostPlease enter mailbox username:sender@Please enter mailbox password:4210Displaying mailbox with protocol commands and responses below--------------------------------------------------------------Opening SocketChecking mailThere are 2 messagesPress enter to continueRetrieving message number 2-------------------------------------sender@: hisender@: hello-------------------------------------QResult:Thus the java socket program to implement a POP3 Client has been executed successfully.2.2. CREATING SIMPLE CHAT APPLICATIONAim:Write a program in Java for creating simple chat application with datagram sockets and datagram packets.Procedure:Server Side:step 1: Import net and io packages and classstep 2: Create a datagram socket object.step 3: Create datagram packet to send result to client using the send()methodstep 4: Send the data to client.step 5: Repeat step 3 and 4 until process completes.Step 6: When process finished close the connection.Client Side:step 1: Import net and io packagesstep 2: Create a datagram socket objectstep 3: Create datagram packet to receive data from other clientsstep 4: Listen for the packet from client using the receive() method.Step5: Process received packets.Step6: When process finished close the connection.Step7: Exit the chat room after chatting.Server Program:import java.io.*;import java.util.*;import .*;public class Server { static DatagramSocket serverSocket = null; static LinkedList portNoList = null; static HashMap portNos = null; static public void SendMessage(String msg,int portNo) throws IOException { byte sendbuffer[] = msg.getBytes(); serverSocket.send(new DatagramPacket(sendbuffer,sendbuffer.length,InetAddress.getLocalHost(),portNo)); } static public void sendToAll(String msg,int SpecialPortNo) throws IOException { byte sendbuffer[] = msg.getBytes(); Iterator itr = portNoList.iterator(); while(itr.hasNext()) { String strPortNo = (String)itr.next(); int portNo = Integer.parseInt(strPortNo); if(SpecialPortNo!=portNo) serverSocket.send(new DatagramPacket (sendbuffer,sendbuffer.length,InetAddress.getLocalHost(),portNo)); } } public static void main(String args[]) { try { serverSocket = new DatagramSocket(1024); portNoList = new LinkedList(); portNos = new HashMap(); System.out.println("The chat server started..."); while(true) { byte buffer[] = new byte[1024]; DatagramPacket pkt = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length); serverSocket.receive(pkt); String clientMsg = new String(pkt.getData(),0,pkt.getLength()); if(clientMsg.indexOf("$##$")!=-1) { StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(clientMsg,"$##$"); String clientName = st.nextToken(); String strPortNo = st.nextToken(); int clientPortNumber = Integer.parseInt(strPortNo); portNoList.add(strPortNo); portNos.put(clientName,strPortNo); SendMessage("---------Welcome"+clientName+"!!!-----",clientPortNumber); sendToAll(clientName+"has joined the chat room!!!",clientPortNumber); } else if(clientMsg.indexOf("!$")!=-1) { StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(clientMsg,"$!"); String clientName = st.nextToken(); String msg ="<"+clientName+">"+st.nextToken(); String portNo = (String)portNos.get(clientName); if(msg.indexOf("/exit")!=-1) { SendMessage("/exit",Integer.parseInt(portNo)); portNoList.remove(portNo); portNos.remove(clientName); msg="----------"+clientName+"has left the chat room!!!"+"---------"; } sendToAll(msg,Integer.parseInt(portNo)); } } } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(ex.getMessage()); } } }Client Program:import java.io.*;import .*;public class Client implements Runnable { public static void main(String args[]) { try { clientPort = (int)(50000*Math.random()); while(true) { try { clientSocket = new DatagramSocket(clientPort); } catch(BindException e) { clientPort = (int)(50000*Math.random()); while(clientPort<1023 || clientPort>65536) { clientPort = (int)(50000 * Math.random()); } continue; } break; } System.out.println("\nSession for clients has started.You can terminate it by typing/exit"); System.out.print("\nEnter your name:"); BufferedReader buff = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String clientName = buff.readLine(); String startmsg = clientName+"$##$"+clientPort; byte sendBuffer[] = startmsg.getBytes(); clientSocket.connect(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),1024); clientSocket.send(new DatagramPacket(sendBuffer,sendBuffer.length)); Thread th = new Thread(new Client()); th.start(); while(true) { String msg = buff.readLine(); msg = "!$"+clientName+"!$"+msg; sendBuffer = msg.getBytes(); clientSocket.send(new DatagramPacket(sendBuffer,sendBuffer.length)); if(msg.indexOf("/exit")!=-1) break; } th.join(); buff.close(); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } finally { clientSocket.close(); } } static DatagramSocket clientSocket = null; static int clientPort;public void run() { byte ReceiveBuffer[] = new byte[1024]; while(true) { DatagramPacket pkt = new DatagramPacket(ReceiveBuffer,ReceiveBuffer.length); try { clientSocket.receive(pkt); } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String msg = new String(pkt.getData(),0,pkt.getLength()); if(msg.indexOf("/exit")!=-1) break; System.out.println(msg+"\n"); } } } Output:Result:Thus the Java program for creating simple chat application with datagram sockets and datagram packets has been executed successfully.2.3.1. INVOKING SERVLETS FROM HTML FORMAim:To write a java program to invoke servlets from HTML form.Procedure:client.html:(1) Create a web page using HTML form that contains the fields such as label,text and one submit button.(2) Set the URL of the server as the value of form’s action attribute.(3) Run the HTML program.(4) Submit the form data to the server.server.java: (1) Define the class server that extends the property of the class GenericServlet.(2) Handle the request from the client by using the method service() of GenericServlet class.(3) Get the parameter names from the HTML form by using the method getParameterNames().(4) Get the parameter values from the HTML forms by using the method getParameter().(5) Send the response to the client by using the method of PrintWriter class.Program:import java.io.*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class MyServletHtmlDemo extends HttpServlet { public void service(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException,IOException { PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();Enumeration en = req.getParameterNames();while(en.hasMoreElements()) { String name=(String)en.nextElement(); out.print(name+"="); String value=req.getParameter(name); out.println(value); out.println(" "); } }} web.xml:<web-app><servlet><servlet-name>MyServletHtmlDemo</servlet-name><servlet-class>MyServletHtmlDemo</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>MyServletHtmlDemo</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/MyServletHtmlDemo</url-pattern></servlet-mapping> </web-app>MyServletHtmlDemo.HTML:<html><head><title>Student Information Form</title></head><body><center><form name="form1" action="MyServletHtmlDemo"><h3>Enter student information in following fields</h3><table><tr><td><b>Roll Number</b></td><td><input type="text" name="Roll Number" size="25" value=""></td></tr><tr><td><b>Student Name</b></td><td><input type="text" name="Student Name" size="25" value=""></td></tr><tr><td><b>Student Address</b></td><td><input type="text" name="Address" size="25" value=""></td></tr><tr><td><b>Phone</b></td><td><input type="text" name="Phone" size="25" value=""></td></tr><tr><td><b>Total Marks</b></td><td><input type="text" name="Total Marks " size="25" value=""></td></tr></table><input type="submit" value="submit"></form></center></body></html>Output:Result:Thus the java program to invoke servlets from HTML form has been executed successfully.2.3.2. INVOKING SERVLETS FROM APPLETSAim: To write a java program that invokes servlet from applet.Procedure:1. Create the java program with the followinga) Define the class MyApplet which extends the property of the class Applet b) Set the URL of the servlet program by using the object of the class URL.e) Define the object for AppletContext in order to display the output of the servlet on new browser window.2. Create HTML file that contains the applet tag and pass the class name to that applet code.3. Create the simple servlet program that contains any response message4. Open the applet window in order to invoke the servlet program.Program://AppletServlet.java:import java.io.*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class AppletServlet extends HttpServlet { public void service(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException { ObjectOutputStream output = null; try { output = new ObjectOutputStream(response.getOutputStream()); String str =new String("Welcome to this servlet"); output.writeObject(str); output.flush(); output.close(); System.out.println("Message:"+str); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}web.xml:<web-app> <servlet> <servlet-name>AppletServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> AppletServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name> AppletServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/AppletServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping></web-app>MyApplet.java:import java.io.*;import java.awt.*;import .*;import java.applet.*;/*<applet code="MyApplet" width=500 height=500></applet>*/ public class MyApplet extends Applet{ URL url=null; URLConnection MyConnection = null; public void paint(Graphics g) { try { g.drawString("Applet Servlet Communication",50,50); g.drawString("Invoking Servlet",50,90); String str = new String("Welcome to this servlet"); g.drawString("Message Obtained from servlet:"+str,50,120); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }} Output:Result:Thus the java program that invokes servlet from applet has been executed successfully.2.4. THREE-TIER APPLICATIONS USING SERVLETSAim:To write java servlet programs to conduct online examination and to display student mark list available in a databaseProcedure:Client:In index.html on the client side declare the contents that you like to transfer to the server using html form and input type tags.Create a submit button and close all the included tags.Server:Import all necessary packagesDefine a class that extends servletIn the doPost() method, do the following:i) Set the content type of the response to "text/html" ii) Create a writer to the response iii) Get a paratmeter from the request iv) If its value is equal to right answer then add 5 to mark variable v) Similarly repeat step vi) for all parameters vii) Display the result in an html format using the writerStudent Mark List Database:Import necessary to java packages and javax packages and classesCreate a class that extends HttpServlet and implements ServletExceptionand IOExceptionIn the doGet() method, do the following:i) Create a PrintWriter objectii) Open a connection with the data source nameiii) Write a sql query and execute to get the resultsetiv) Display the resultset information in html formProgram:SERVLET CODE:import java.io.*; import java.sql.*; import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class StudentServlet3 extends HttpServlet{String message,Seat_no,Name,ans1,ans2,ans3,ans4,ans5; int Total=0;Connection connect; Statement stmt=null; ResultSet rs=null;public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletExcep-tion,IOException{try{String url="jdbc:odbc:NEO"; Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver"); connect=DriverManager.getConnection(url," "," "); message="Thank you for participating in online Exam";}catch(ClassNotFoundException cnfex){ cnfex.printStackTrace();}catch(SQLException sqlex){ sqlex.printStackTrace();}catch(Exception excp){ excp.printStackTrace();}Seat_no=request.getParameter("Seat_no"); Name=request.getParameter("Name"); ans1=request.getParameter("group1"); ans2=request.getParameter("group2"); ans3=request.getParameter("group3"); ans4=request.getParameter("group4"); ans5=request.getParameter("group5"); if(ans1.equals("True"))Total+=2;if(ans2.equals("False"))Total+=2;if(ans3.equals("True"))Total+=2;if(ans4.equals("False"))Total+=2;if(ans5.equals("False"))Total+=2; try{Statement stmt=connect.createStatement();String query="INSERT INTO student("+"Seat_no,Name,Total"+") VAL-UES('"+Seat_no+"','"+Name+"','"+Total+"')";int result=stmt.executeUpdate(query); stmt.close();}catch(SQLException ex){}response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out=response.getWriter(); out.println("<html>"); out.println("<head>"); out.println("</head>"); out.println("<body bgcolor=cyan>"); out.println("<center>"); out.println("<h1>"+message+"</h1>\n");out.println("<h3>Yours results stored in our database</h3>"); out.print("<br><br>");out.println("<b>"+"Participants and their Marks"+"</b>"); out.println("<table border=5>");try{Statement stmt=connect.createStatement(); String query="SELECT * FROM student"; rs=stmt.executeQuery(query); out.println("<th>"+"Seat_no"+"</th>"); out.println("<th>"+"Name"+"</th>"); out.println("<th>"+"Marks"+"</th>"); while(rs.next()){out.println("<tr>");out.print("<td>"+rs.getInt(1)+"</td>");out.print("<td>"+rs.getString(2)+"</td>");out.print("<td>"+rs.getString(3)+"</td>");out.println("</tr>");}out.println("</table>");}catch(SQLException ex){ } finally{try{if(rs!=null)rs.close();if(stmt!=null)stmt.close();if(connect!=null)connect.close();}catch(SQLException e){ }}out.println("</center>");out.println("</body></html>");Total=0;} }HTML CODE: <html><head><title>Database Test</title></head> <body><center><h1>Online Examination</h1> </center><form action="StudentServlet3.view" method="POST"> <div align="left"><br></div><b>Seat Number:</b> <input type="text" name="Seat_no"> <div align="Right"><b>Name:</b> <input type="text" name="Name" size="50"><br> </div><br><br><b>1. Every host implements transport layer.</b><br/> <input type="radio" name="group1" value="True">True <input type="radio" name="group1" value="False">False<br><b>2. It is a network layer's responsibility to forward packets reliably from source to destina-tion</b><br/><input type="radio" name="group2" value="True">True<input type="radio" name="group2" value="False">False<br><b>3. Packet switching is more useful in bursty traffic</b><br/> <input type="radio" name="group3" value="True">True<input type="radio" name="group3" value="False">False<br> <b>4. A phone network uses packet switching</b><br/> <input type="radio" name="group4" value="True">True <input type="radio" name="group4" value="False">False<br><b>5. HTML is a Protocol for describing web contents</b><br/> <input type="radio" name="group5" value="True">True<input type="radio" name="group5" value="False">False<br> <br><br><br><center><input type="submit" value="Submit"><br><br> </center></form></body></html>Output:Result:Thus to write java servlet programs to conduct online examination and to display student mark list available in a database was successfully executed and verified.2.5. LOCKING AND UNLOCKING SERVLETAim:To write a Java Program for lock and Unlock servlet itself to a particular server IP address and port number.Procedure:check the piracy should not be done in initCheck if the init parameter "key" unlocks this serverif Key fits to server print validelse print Piratedmatch a key with server host and portcheck the key must be a 64-bit number equal to the logical not (~) of the 32-bit IP address concatenated with the 32-bit port number.Get the 32-bit IP addressConcatentate the 32-bit port numbercheck the key matchif key is matched display validelse print PiratedProgram://KeyedServerLock.javaimport java.io.*;import .*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;public class KeyedServerLock extends GenericServlet { // This servlet has no class or instance variables // associated with the locking, so as to simplify // synchronization issues. public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException { res.setContentType("text/plain"); PrintWriter out = res.getWriter(); // The piracy check shouldn't be done in init // because name/port are part of request. String key = getInitParameter("key"); String host = req.getServerName(); int port = req.getServerPort(); // Check if the init parameter "key" unlocks this server. if (! keyFitsServer(key, host, port)) { // Explain, condemn, threaten, etc. out.println("Pirated!"); } else { // Give 'em the goods out.println("Valid"); // etc... } } // This method contains the algorithm used to match a key with // a server host and port. This example implementation is extremely // weak and should not be used by commercial sites. // private boolean keyFitsServer(String key, String host, int port) { if (key == null) return false; long numericKey = 0; try { numericKey = Long.parseLong(key); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { return false; } // The key must be a 64-bit number equal to the logical not (~) // of the 32-bit IP address concatenated with the 32-bit port number. byte hostIP[]; try { hostIP = InetAddress.getByName(host).getAddress(); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { return false; } // Get the 32-bit IP address long servercode = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { servercode <<= 8; servercode |= hostIP[i]; } // Concatentate the 32-bit port number servercode <<= 32; servercode |= port; // Logical not long accesscode = ~numericKey; // The moment of truth: Does the key match? return (servercode == accesscode); }}//KeyedServerUnlock.javaimport java.io.*;import .*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class KeyedServerUnlock extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException { PrintWriter out = res.getWriter(); // Get the host and port String host = req.getParameter("host"); String port = req.getParameter("port"); // Convert the port to an integer int numericPort; try { numericPort = Integer.parseInt(port); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { numericPort = 80; // default } // Generate and print the key // Any KeyGenerationException is caught and displayed try { long key = generateKey(host, numericPort); out.println(host + ":" + numericPort + " has the key " + key); } catch (KeyGenerationException e) { out.println("Could not generate key: " + e.getMessage()); } } // This method contains the algorithm used to match a key with // a server host and port. This example implementation is extremely // weak and should not be used by commercial sites. // // Throws a KeyGenerationException because anything more specific // would be tied to the chosen algorithm. // private long generateKey(String host, int port) throws KeyGenerationException { // The key must be a 64-bit number equal to the logical not (~) // of the 32-bit IP address concatenated by the 32-bit port number. byte hostIP[]; try { hostIP = InetAddress.getByName(host).getAddress(); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { throw new KeyGenerationException(e.getMessage()); } // Get the 32-bit IP address long servercode = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { servercode <<= 8; servercode |= (hostIP[i] & 255); } // Concatentate the 32-bit port number servercode <<= 32; servercode |= port; // The key is the logical not return ~servercode; }}class KeyGenerationException extends Exception { public KeyGenerationException() { super(); } public KeyGenerationException(String msg) { super(msg); }}<servlet> <init-param> <param-name>key</param-name> <param-value>-9151314447111823253</param-value> </init-param> <servlet-name>KeyedServerLock</servlet-name> <servlet-class>KeyedServerLock</servlet-class> </servlet><servlet> <init-param> <param-name>key</param-name> <param-value>-9151314447111823256</param-value> </init-param> <servlet-name>KeyedServerLock</servlet-name> <servlet-class>KeyedServerLock</servlet-class> </servlet>; <init-param> <param-name>key</param-name> <param-value>-9151314447111823253</param-value> </init-param> <servlet-name>KeyedServerLock</servlet-name> <servlet-class>KeyedServerLock</servlet-class> </servlet>Result:Thus the Java Program for lock and Unlock servlet itself to a particular server IP address and port number.2.6.1. SESSION TRACKING USING HIDDEN FORM FIELDSAim:To perform session tracking using hidden form fields.Procedure:Create a html file which contains user information. The first servlet will receive these values.First servlet stores them in the hidden form fields. The second servlet will display the user information with greeting message.Program:HTML CODE<html><head><title>Session Tracking Using Hidden Form Field</title></head><body><form action="Servlet1">Enter Name:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>Enter city:<input type="text" name="usercity"/><br/><input type="submit" value="submit"/></form></body></html>SERVLET1 import java.io.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class Servlet1 extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) { try { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String n=request.getParameter("username"); String c=request.getParameter("usercity"); out.print("<form action=\"Servlet2\">"); out.print("<input type='hidden' name='uname' value="+n+"'>"); out.print("<input type='submit' value='Just click here'>"); out.print("</form>"); out.close(); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } } } SERVLET2import java.io.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class Servlet2 extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) { try { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String n=request.getParameter("uname"); out.println("Hello"+n); String c=request.getParameter("usercity"); out.print("you are from"+c); out.close(); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } } } Output Result:Thus the Java Program for Session Tracking Using Hidden Form Fields has been executed successfully.2.6.2 SESSION TRACKING A HIT COUNTAim:To write a Java Program for Session tracking a hit count. This servlet uses session tracking to count the number of times a client has accessed it. Procedure:Servlet program to keep track of user visiting the page.The count is incremented by one when user visits.The output displays the greeting message.The number of previous access is also displayed.Program:import java.io.*;import java.util.*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class SessionServletDemo extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException,IOException { res.setContentType("text/html"); HttpSession session = req.getSession(); String heading; Integer cnt=(Integer)session.getAttribute("cnt"); if(cnt==null) { cnt=new Integer(0); heading="Welcome you are accessing the page for the first time"; } else { heading="Welcome once again"; cnt=new Integer(cnt.intValue()+1); } session.setAttribute("cnt",cnt); PrintWriter out = res.getWriter(); out.println("<html>"); out.println("<head>"); out.println("</head>"); out.println("<body>"); out.println("<center>"); out.println("<h1>"+heading); out.println("<h2>The number of previous access="+cnt); out.println("</center>"); out.println("</body>"); out.println("</html>"); }} Output:Result:Thus the Java program for Session tracking a hit count has been executed successfully.2.7 CONVERTING STATIC WEB PAGES TO DYNAMIC WEB PAGESAim: To convert the static web pages into dynamic web pages using servlets (or JSP) and cookies.Procedure:step1: we will create ahtml form for entering the user name,password and card ID.Step2:From the above HTML form, the servlet program is invoked in which the validity of the user name,password and card id is checked.if it is a valid user then the welcome message will be displayed otherwise the “invalid user” message will be displayed. In this servlet we set the cookies in which the current user name is stored. Step3: compile the above servlet Login servlet.java and copy its class file in tomcats folder at c:\tomcatdirectory\webapps\examples\WEB-INF\classes. Then edit the web.xml in WEB-INF folder.We must store he user information such as user name,password and card id in the web.xml using init-param. Step4: On successful login , the information from the cookie is checked and shopping cart page for corressponding user can be displayed.Step5:Compile the above servlet LoginSuccess.java and copy its class file in the tomcat's folder at c:\tomcatdirectory\webapps\examples\WEB-INF\classes. Then edit the web.xml in WEB-INF folder.Step6:Start tomcat web server.Open the web browser and display the login form created in step1.Index.jsp<html> <head> <body> <form action="" method="post"> Enter username: <input type="text" value""name="user"> <br> Enter Password: <input type="password" value""name="password"> <br> Enter Card ID: <input type="text" value""name="cardID"> <br> <br> <br> <br> <input type="submit" value="login"> </form> </body>Loginservlet.htmlimport java.io.*;import .*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet { protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); try { String usr=request.getParameter("user"); String pwd=request.getParameter("password"); String card=request.getParameter("cardID"); boolean flag=true; String[] userID=getInitParameter("usernames").split(","); String[] password=getInitParameter("passwords").split(","); String[] cardids=getInitParameter("cardIDs").split(","); int i; for(i=0;i<userID.length;i++) { if(userID[i].equals(usr)&&password[i].equals(pwd)&&cardids[i].equals(card)) { flag=false; Cookie MyCookie=new Cookie("CurrentUser", usr); MyCookie.setMaxAge(60*60); response.addCookie(MyCookie); response.sendRedirect(""); } } if(flag==true) { out.print("Error"); out.println("<h4>Invalid user,please try again by clicking following link</h4>"); out.println("<a href=''>"+"LoginForm.html"); } } finally { out.close(); } } LoginSuccess.javaimport java.io.*;import .*;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.http.*;public class LoginSuccess extends HttpServlet {protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { Cookie[] my_cookies=request.getCookies(); response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out=response.getWriter(); out.print("Login Success"); out.println("<b>"); String userName=null; if(my_cookies!=null) { for(Cookie cookie:my_cookies) { if(cookie.getName().equals("currentUser")) userName=cookie.getValue(); } } out.print("<h3>Login Success!!!Welcome</h3>"); out.print("<h2>This is a Shopping cart for"+userName+"</h2>"); out.close(); } }Web.xml <servlet> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>LoginServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>usernames</param-name> <param-value>user1,user2,user3</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>passwords</param-name> <param-value>pwd1,pwd2,pwd3</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>cardIDs</param-name> <param-value>111,222,333</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet> <servlet-name>LoginSuccess</servlet-name> <servlet-class>LoginSuccess</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/LoginServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>LoginSuccess</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/LoginSuccess</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <session-config> <session-timeout> 30 </session-timeout> </session-config> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>Output:Result: Thus the conversion of the static web pages into dynamic web pages using servlets cookies has been executed successfully.3.1.1. STRUTS WEB FRAMEWORKAim:To build a simple MVC application that displays a login page and returns a success page upon submitting data that passes validation.Procedure:Overview of the ApplicationSetting Up a Struts ApplicationCreating JSP PagesCreating a Login PageCreating a Success PageCreating an?ActionForm?BeanCreating an?Action?ClassImplementing ValidationAccessing Bean Data and Preparing a Forwarding ConditionSetting Up an Error MessageAdding?forward?Entries to?struts-config.xmlConfiguring and Running the ApplicationSetting the Welcome PageAttaching a StylesheetRunning the ApplicationSetting Up a Struts ApplicationChoose File > New Project (Ctrl-Shift-N) from the main menu. Select Java Web in the list of Categories and then select Web Application in the list of Projects. Click Next.In the Name and Location panel, enter?MyStrutsApp?for Project Name and click Next.In the Server and Settings panel, select the server to which you want to deploy your application. Only servers that are registered with the IDE are listed. (To register a server, click Add next to the Server drop-down list.) Also, note that the Context Path to your deployed application becomes?/MyStrutsApp. Click Next.Select Struts in the Frameworks panel.?For purposes of this execution, do not change any of the configuration values in the lower region of this panel. The wizard displays the following configuration options.Action Servlet Name: The name of the Struts action servlet used in the application. The?web.xml?deployment descriptor contains an entry for the action servlet and specifies the appropriate Struts-specific parameters, such as the path to the servlet class within the Struts library and to the?struts-config.xmlconfiguration file within the application.Action URL Pattern: Specifies the patterns of incoming requests which are mapped to the Struts action controller. This generates a mapping entry in the deployment descriptor. By default, only the?*.do?pattern is mapped.Application Resource: Lets you specify the resource bundle which will be used in the?struts-config.xml?file for localizing messages. By default, this iscom.myapp.struts.ApplicationResource.Add Struts TLDs: Lets you generate tag library descriptors for the Struts tag libraries. A tag library descriptor is an XML document which contains additional information about the entire tag library as well as each individual tag. In general this is not necessary, because you can refer to on-line URIs rather than local TLD files.Click Finish. The IDE creates the project folder in your file system. As with any web application in the IDE, the project folder contains all of your sources and the IDE's project metadata, such as the Ant build script. However, your web application in addition has all of the Struts libraries on its classpath. Not only are they on the application's classpath, but they are included in the project and will be packaged with it later when you build the project.The project opens in the IDE. The Projects window is the main entry point to your project sources. It shows a logical view of important project contents. For example, if you expand several nodes within the new project, it may appear as follows:Note:?Use the Files window (Window > Files) to see all of your project contents in a directory-based view.The Struts-specific configuration files, as well as the application's deployment descriptor, are conveniently placed within the Configuration Files folder. Open the deployment descriptor (double-click the?web.xml?file node to have it display in the Source Editor). In order to handle Struts processing, a mapping is provided for the Struts controller servlet.<servlet> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>config</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>debug</param-name> <param-value>2</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>detail</param-name> <param-value>2</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>Above, the Struts controller servlet is named?action?and is defined in the Struts library (org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet). It is set to handle all requests that satisfy the?*.do?mapping. In addition, initialization parameters for the servlet are specified by means of the?struts-config.xml?file, also contained in the?WEB-INFfolder.Creating JSP PagesBegin by creating two JSP pages for the application. The first displays a form. The second is the view returned when login is successful.Creating a Login PageCreating a Success PageCreating a Login PageRight-click the?MyStrutsApp?project node, choose New > JSP, and name the new file?login. Click Finish. The?login.jsp?file opens in the Source Editor.In the Source Editor, change the content of both the?<title>?and?<h1>?tags (or?<h2>?tags, depending on the IDE version you are using) to?Login Form.Add the following two taglib directives to the top of the file:<%@ taglib uri="" prefix="bean" %><%@ taglib uri="" prefix="html" %>Many web applications use JSP pages for views in the MVC paradigm, so Struts provides custom tag libraries which facilitate interaction with HTML forms. These can be easily applied to a JSP file using the IDE's support for code completion. When you type in the Source Editor, the IDE provides you with code completion for Struts tags, as well as the Struts Javadoc. You can also invoke code completion manually by pressing Ctrl-Space: The?bean taglib?provides you with numerous tags that are helpful when associating a form bean (i.e., an?ActionForm?bean) with the data collected from the form. The?html taglib?offers an interface between the view and other components necessary to a web application. For example, below you replace common html?form?tags with Struts'?<html:form>?tags. One benefit this provides is that it causes the server to locate or create a bean object that corresponds to the value provided forhtml:form's?action?element.Below the?<h1>?(or?<h2>) tags, add the following:<html:form action="/login"> <html:submit value="Login" /></html:form>Whenever you finish typing in the Source Editor, you can tidy up the code by right-clicking and choosing Format (Alt-Shift-F).In the Palette (Window > Palette) in the right region of the IDE, drag a Table item from the HTML category to a point just above the?<html:submit value="Login" />?line. The Insert Table dialog box displays. Set the rows to?3, columns to?2, and leave all other settings at?0. Later, you will?attach a stylesheet?to affect the table display.??Click OK, then optionally reformat the code (Alt-Shift-F). The form in?login.jsp?now looks as follows:<html:form action="/login"> <table border="0"> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <html:submit value="Login" /></html:form>Note:?You can safely delete the?<thead>?table row.In the first table row, enter the following (changes in?bold):<tr><td>Enter your name:</td><td><html:text property="name" /></td></tr>In the second table row, enter the following (changes in?bold):<tr><td>Enter your email:</td><td><html:text property="email" /></td></tr>The?html:text?element enables you to match the input fields from the form with properties in the form bean that will be created in the next step. So for example, the value of?property?must match a field declared in the form bean associated with this form.Move the <html:submit value="Login" /> element into the second column of the third table row, so that the third table row appears as follows (changes in?bold):<tr> <td></td> <td><html:submit value="Login" /></td></tr>At this stage, your login form should look as follows:<html:form action="/login"> <table border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td>Enter your name:</td> <td><html:text property="name" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Enter your email:</td> <td><html:text property="email" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><html:submit value="Login" /></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></html:form>Creating a Success PageRight-click the?MyStrutsApp?project node, choose New > JSP, and name the new file?success. In the Folder field, click the adjacent Browse button and selectWEB-INF?from the dialog that displays. Click Select Folder to enter WEB-INF in the Folder field. Any files contained in the WEB-INF folder are not directly accessible to client requests. In order for?success.jsp?to be properly displayed, it must contain processed data. Click Finish.In the Source Editor, change the content of the newly created page to the following:<head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Login Success</title></head><body> <h1>Congratulations!</h1> <p>You have successfully logged in.</p> <p>Your name is: .</p> <p>Your email address is: .</p></body>Add a?bean taglib?directive to the top of the file:<%@ taglib uri="" prefix="bean" %>Add the following?<bean:write>?tags (changes in?bold):<p>Your name is: <bean:write name="LoginForm" property="name" />.</p><p>Your email address is: <bean:write name="LoginForm" property="email" />.</p>By employing the?<bean:write>?tags, you make use of the bean taglib to locate the?ActionForm?bean you are about to create, and display the user data saved for?name?and?email.Creating an?ActionForm?BeanA Struts?ActionForm?bean is used to persist data between requests. For example, if a user submits a form, the data is temporarily stored in the form bean so that it can either be redisplayed in the form page (if the data is in an invalid format or if login fails) or displayed in a login success page (if data passes validation).Right-click the?MyStrutsApp?project node and choose New > Other. Under Categories choose Struts, then under File Types choose Struts ActionForm Bean. Click Next.Type in?LoginForm?for the Class Name. Then select?com.myapp.struts?in the Package drop-down list and click Finish.The IDE creates the?LoginForm?bean and opens it in the Source Editor. By default, the IDE provides it with a?String?called?name?and an?int?called?number. Both fields have accessor methods defined for them. Also, the IDE adds a bean declaration to the?struts-config.xml?file. If you open the?struts-config.xml?file in the Source Editor, you can see the following declaration, which was added by the wizard:<form-beans> <form-bean name="LoginForm" type="com.myapp.struts.LoginForm" /></form-beans>The IDE provides navigation support in the?struts-config.xml?file. Hold down the Ctrl key and hover your mouse over the?LoginForm?bean's fully qualified class name. The name becomes a link, enabling you to navigate directly to the class in the Source Editor:In the?LoginForm?bean in the Source Editor, create fields and accompanying accessor methods that correspond to the?name?and?email?text input fields that you created in?login.jsp. Because?name?has already been created in the?LoginForm?skeleton, you only need to implement?email.Add the following declaration beneath?name?(changes in?bold):private String name;private String email;To create accessor methods, place your cursor on?email?and press Alt-Insert.Select Getter and Setter, then in the dialog that displays, select?email : String?and click Generate. Accessor methods are generated for the?email?field.Note:?You can delete the declaration and accessor methods for?number.Creating an?Action?Class The?Action?class contains the business logic in the application. When form data is received, it is the?execute?method of an?Action?object that processes the data and determines which view to forward the processed data to. Because the?Action?class is integral to the Struts framework, NetBeans IDE provides you with a wizard.In the Projects window, right-click the?MyStrutsApp?project node and choose New > Other. From the Struts category choose Struts Action and click Next.In the Name and Location panel, change the name to?LoginAction.Select?com.myapp.struts?in the Package drop-down list.Type?/login?in Action Path. This value must match the value you set for the?action?attribute of the?<html:form>?tags in?login.jsp. Make sure settings appear as in the screenshot below, then click Next.?In the third step of the wizard, you are given the opportunity to associate the?Action?class with a form bean. Notice that the?LoginForm?bean you previously created is listed as an option for ActionForm Bean Name. Make the following adjustments to the panel:Delete the forward slash for the Input Resource fieldSet Scope to Request (Session is the default scope setting in Struts.)Deselect the Validate ActionForm Bean optionClick Finish. The?LoginAction?class is generated, and the file opens in the Source Editor. Also note that the following?action?entry is added to the?struts-config.xml?file:<action-mappings> <action name="LoginForm" path="/login" scope="request" type="com.myapp.struts.LoginAction" validate="false"/> <action path="/Welcome" forward="/welcomeStruts.jsp"/></action-mappings> The?name?and?scope?attributes apply to the form bean that is associated with the action. Specifically, when an incoming request matches?/login, the Struts framework automatically instantiates a?LoginForm?object and populates it with the form data sent in the request. The default value of?validate?is set to?true. This tells the framework to call the?validate?method of the form bean. You deselected this option in the wizard however because you will hand-code simple validation in the next step, which does not require the?validate?method.Implementing Validation In the Source Editor, browse through the?LoginAction?class and look at the?execute?method:public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { return mapping.findForward(SUCCESS);}Notice the definition of?SUCCESS, listed beneath the?LoginAction?class declaration:private final static String SUCCESS = "success";Currently, the?mapping.findForward?method is set to unconditionally forward any request to an output view called?success. This is not really desirable; you want to first perform some sort of validation on the incoming data to determine whether to send the?success?view, or any different view.Accessing Bean Data and Preparing a Forwarding ConditionSetting Up an Error MessageAccessing Bean Data and Preparing a Forwarding ConditionType in the following code within the body of the?execute?method:// extract user dataLoginForm formBean = (LoginForm)form;String name = formBean.getName();String email = formBean.getEmail();In order to use the incoming form data, you need to take?execute's?ActionForm?argument and cast it as?LoginForm, then apply the getter methods that you created earlier.Type in the following conditional clause to perform validation on the incoming data:// perform validationif ((name == null) || // name parameter does not exist email == null || // email parameter does not exist name.equals("") || // name parameter is empty email.indexOf("@") == -1) { // email lacks '@' return mapping.findForward(FAILURE);}At this stage, the?execute?method should look as follows:public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { // extract user data LoginForm formBean = (LoginForm) form; String name = formBean.getName(); String email = formBean.getEmail(); // perform validation if ((name == null) || // name parameter does not exist email == null || // email parameter does not exist name.equals("") || // name parameter is empty email.indexOf("@") == -1) { // email lacks '@' return mapping.findForward(FAILURE); } return mapping.findForward(SUCCESS);}Add a declaration for?FAILURE?to the?LoginAction?class (changes in?bold):private final static String SUCCESS = "success";private final static String FAILURE = "failure"; Using the above logic, the?execute?method forwards the request to the?success?view if the user provides an entry for both?name?and?email?fields, and the email entered contains an '@' sign. Otherwise, the?failure?view is forwarded. As will be demonstrated below in?Adding?forward?Entries to?struts-config.xml, you can set thefailure?view to point back to the form page, so that the user has another chance to enter data in the correct format.Setting Up an Error Message If the login form is returned, it would be good to inform the user that validation failed. You can accomplish this by adding an?error?field in the form bean, and an appropriate<bean:write>?tag to the form in?login.jsp. Finally, in the?Action?object, set the error message to be displayed in the event that the?failure?view is chosen.Open?LoginForm?and add an?error?field to the class:// error messageprivate String error;Add a getter method and a setter method for?error, as?demonstrated above.Modify the setter method so that it appears as follows:public void setError() { this.error = "<span style='color:red'>Please provide valid entries for both fields</span>";}Open?login.jsp?and make the following changes:<html:form action="/login"> <table border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <bean:write name="LoginForm" property="error" filter="false"/> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Enter your name:</td> <td><html:text property="name" /></td> </tr>In?LoginAction, within the?if?conditional clause, add a statement to set the error message before forwarding the?failure?condition (changes in?bold):if ((name == null) || // name parameter does not exist email == null || // email parameter does not exist name.equals("") || // name parameter is empty email.indexOf("@") == -1) { // email lacks '@' formBean.setError(); return mapping.findForward(FAILURE);}Your completed?LoginAction?class should now appear as follows:public class LoginAction extends org.apache.struts.action.Action { private final static String SUCCESS = "success"; private final static String FAILURE = "failure"; public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { // extract user data LoginForm formBean = (LoginForm)form; String name = formBean.getName(); String email = formBean.getEmail(); // perform validation if ((name == null) || // name parameter does not exist email == null || // email parameter does not exist name.equals("") || // name parameter is empty email.indexOf("@") == -1) { // email lacks '@' formBean.setError(); return mapping.findForward(FAILURE); } return mapping.findForward(SUCCESS); }}Adding?forward?Entries to?struts-config.xml In order for the application to match JSP pages with forwarding conditions returned by?LoginAction's?execute?method, you need to add?forward?entries to the?struts-config.xml?file.Open?struts-config.xml?in the Source Editor, right-click anywhere in the?action?entry for?LoginForm, and choose Struts > Add Forward.?In the Add Forward dialog box, type?success?in Forward Name. Enter the path to?success.jsp?in the Resource File field (i.e.,?/WEB-INF/success.jsp). The dialog box should now look as follows:??Click Add. Note that the following?forward?entry was added to?struts-config.xml?(changes in?bold):<action name="LoginForm" path="/login" scope="request" type="com.myapp.struts.LoginAction" validate="false"> <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/success.jsp"/></action>Perform the same action to add a forward entry for?failure. Set the Resource File path to?/login.jsp. The following?forward?entry is added to?struts-config.xml?(changes in?bold):<forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/success.jsp"/><forward name="failure" path="/login.jsp"/>Configuring and Running the Application The IDE uses an Ant build script to build and run your web application. The IDE generated the build script when you created the project, basing it on the options you entered in the New Project wizard. Before you build and run the application, you need to set the application's default entry point to?login.jsp. Optionally, you can also add a simple stylesheet to the project.Setting the Welcome PageAttaching a StylesheetRunning the ApplicationSetting the Welcome PageIn the Projects window, double-click the?web.xml?deployment descriptor. The tabs listed along the top of the Source Editor provide you with an interface to the?web.xmlfile. Click on the Pages tab. In the Welcome Files field, enter?login.jsp.??Now click on the Source tab to view the file. Note that?login.jsp?is now listed in the?welcome-file?entry:<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>Attaching a StylesheetAdd a simple stylesheet to the project. One easy way to do this is by saving?this sample stylesheet?to your computer. Copy the file (Ctrl-C), then in the IDE, select the Web Pages node in the Projects window and press Ctrl-V). The file is added to your project.Link the stylesheet to your JSP pages by adding a reference between the?<head>?tags of both?login.jsp?and?success.jsp:<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css">Running the ApplicationIn the Projects window, right-click the project node and choose Run. The IDE builds the web application and deploys it, using the server you specified when creating the project. The browser opens and displays the?login.jsp?page. Type in some data that should fail validation, i.e., either leave either field blank, or enter an email address with a missing '@' sign:??When you click Login, the login form page redisplays, containing an error message:??Try entering data that should pass validation. Upon clicking Login, you are presented with the success page:?Result:Thus the simple MVC application that displays a login page and returns a success page upon submitting data that passes validation executed successfully.3.1.2. Web Application Using HibernateAim:To Implement a simple program using Hibernate. Procedure:Creating the DatabaseCreating the Web Application ProjectModifying the Hibernate Configuration FileCreating the?HibernateUtil.java?Helper FileGenerating Hibernate Mapping Files and Java ClassesCreating the?FilmHelper.java?Helper ClassCreating the JSF Managed BeanCreating the Web PagesRunning the ProjectProgram:Result:Thus the implementation of Web Application Using Hibernate executed successfully.3.1.3. Web Application Using SpringAim:To Implement a simple program using Spring. Procedure:Overview of the ApplicationSetting up a New Project with Spring Web MVC SupportCreating a Spring Web MVC Skeleton ProjectRunning the Skeleton ProjectImplementing a ServiceImplementing the Controller and ModelImplementing the ViewsSetting up a New Project with Spring Web MVC SupportCreating a Spring Web MVC Skeleton ProjectRunning the Skeleton ProjectCreating a Spring Web MVC Skeleton ProjectStart by creating a new project for a web application using the Spring Framework.Choose New Project (Ctrl-Shift-N; ?-Shift-N on Mac) from the IDE's File menu. Select the Java Web category, then under Projects select Web Application. Click Next.In Project Name, type in?HelloSpring. Click Next.In Step 3: Server and Settings, deselect the Enable Contexts and Dependency Injection option, as you are not working with the?JSR-299?specification in this tutorial.Confirm that the GlassFish server is selected in the Server drop-down list. Click Next.The Java EE version depends upon the version of the server that is selected. The default Java EE version is Java EE 7 Web when the selected server is GlassFish Server 4.0.In Step 4, the Frameworks panel, select Spring Web MVC.Select?Spring Framework 3.x?in the Spring Library drop-down list.?Click the Configuration tab and note that the wizard enables you to specify the name and mapping of the Spring Dispatcher servlet.?Click Finish. In the Projects window, expand the new project's Libraries node and note that the Spring JARs are included in the project's classpath.?Running the Skeleton ProjectBefore making any changes to project files, try running the new project in the IDE:Click the Run Project (??) in the IDE's main toolbar. The IDE automatically starts the GlassFish server if it is not already running, compiles the project, then deploys it to the server. Note any output displayed in the IDE's Output window (Ctrl-4; ?-4 on Mac). The generated output completes with a?BUILD SUCCESSFUL?message.??The IDE's default browser starts up, and you see content from the welcome page view (/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp).? When you run your project in the IDE, the project is compiled and deployed to the server, and then opens in your default browser. Furthermore, the IDE provides a Deploy on Save feature, which is activated by default for web projects. When you save files in the editor, your project is automatically recompiled and deployed to the server. To view changes, you can simply refresh pages in your browser. In order to understand what just took place, start by examining the project's deployment descriptor (web.xml). To open this file in the Source Editor, right-click the?WEB-INF>?web.xml?node in the Projects window and choose Edit. The default entry point for the application is?redirect.jsp:<welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>redirect.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list>Within?redirect.jsp, there is a redirect statement that points all requests to?index.htm:<% response.sendRedirect("index.htm"); %>In the deployment descriptor, note that all requests for URL patterns that match?*.htm?are mapped to Spring's?DispatcherServlet.<servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>The fully qualified name of the dispatcher servlet, as shown above, is?org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet. This class is contained in the Spring library, which was added to the project classpath when the project was created. You can verify this in the Projects window by drilling down from the Libraries node. Locate the?spring-webmvc-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar, then expand it to find?org.springframework.web.servlet?>DispatcherServlet.The?DispatcherServlet?handles incoming requests based on configuration settings found in?dispatcher-servlet.xml. Open?dispatcher-servlet.xmlby clicking on its tab in the editor. Note the following code.<bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <property name="mappings"> <props> <prop key="/index.htm">indexController</prop> </props> </property></bean><bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" /><bean name="indexController" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController" p:viewName="index" />Three beans are defined in this file:?indexController,?viewResolver, and?urlMapping. When the?DispatcherServlet?receives a request that matches*.htm?such as?index.htm, it looks for a controller within?urlMapping?that can accommodate the request. Above, you see that there is a?mappings?property that links/index.htm?to?indexController.The runtime environment then searches for the definition of a bean named?indexController, which is conveniently provided by the skeleton project. Note thatindexController?extends?ParameterizableViewController. This is another class provided by Spring, which simply returns a view. Above, note thatp:viewName="index"?specifies the logical view name, which is resolved using the?viewResolver?by prepending?/WEB-INF/jsp/?and appending?.jsp?to it. This allows the runtime to locate the file within the application directory, and respond with the welcome page view (/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp).Implementing a ServiceNow that you are sure your environment is set up properly, you can begin extending the skeleton project according to your needs. Start by creating the?HelloService?class.Click the New File (??) button in the IDE's toolbar. (Alternatively, press Ctrl-N; ?-N on Mac.)Select the?Java?category, then select?Java Class?and click Next.In the New Java Class wizard that displays, type in?HelloService?for Class Name, and enter?service?for Package Name to create a new package for the class.Click Finish. The IDE creates the new class and opens it in the editor.The?HelloService?class performs a very simple service. It takes a name as a parameter, and prepares and returns a?String?that includes the name. In the editor, create the following?sayHello()?method for the class (changes in?bold).public class HelloService { public static String sayHello(String name) { return "Hello " + name + "!"; }}Implementing the Controller and ModelYou can use a?SimpleFormController?to handle user data and determine which view to return.Note:?SimpleFormController is deprecated in Spring 3.x. It is used in this tutorial for demonstration purposes. However, annotated controllers should be used instead of XML files.Open the New File wizard by pressing Ctrl-N (?-N on Mac). Under Categories select?Spring Framework; under File Types select?Simple Form Controller.??NetBeans IDE provides templates for various Spring artifacts, including the Spring XML Configuration File, the?AbstractController, and theSimpleFormController.Click Next.Name the class?HelloController?and create a new package for it by typing?controller?in the Package text field. Click Finish. The IDE creates the new class and opens it in the editor.Specify controller properties by uncommenting the setter methods that display by default in the class template. To uncomment the code snippet, highlight the code as in the image below, then press Ctrl-/ (?-/ on Mac).??Pressing Ctrl-/ (?-/ on Mac) toggles comments in the editor.Make changes as follows (shown in?bold).public HelloController() { setCommandClass(Name.class); setCommandName("name"); setSuccessView("helloView"); setFormView("nameView");} You now need to create the?Name?class as a simple bean to hold information for each request.In the Projects window, right-click on the project node and choose New > Java Class. The New Java Class wizard displays.Enter?Name?for the Class Name, and for Package select?controller?from the drop-down list.Click Finish. The?Name?class is created and opens in the editor.For the?Name?class, create a field named?value, then create accessor methods (i.e., getter and setter methods) for this field. Start by declaring the?value?field:public class Name { private String value;} The IDE can create accessor methods for you. In the editor, right-click on?value?and choose Insert Code (or press Alt-Insert; Ctrl-I on Mac). In the popup menu, choose Getter and Setter.?In the dialog that displays, select the?value : String?option, then click OK. The?getValue()?and?setValue()?methods are added to the?Name?class:public String getValue() { return value;}public void setValue(String value) { this.value = value;}Press Ctrl-Tab and choose?HelloController?to switch back to the?HelloController?class. Note that the previous error badge has disappeared since the?Nameclass now exists.Delete the?doSubmitAction()?method and uncomment the?onSubmit()?method. The?onSubmit()?method enables you to create your own?ModelAndView, which is what is required here. Make the following changes:@Overrideprotected ModelAndView onSubmit( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object command, BindException errors) throws Exception { Name name = (Name) command; ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(getSuccessView()); mv.addObject("helloMessage", helloService.sayHello(name.getValue())); return mv;} Fix import errors by right-clicking in the editor and choosing Fix Imports (Ctrl-Shift-I; ?-Shift-I on Mac).?Note.?Confirm that?org.springframework.validation.BindException?and?org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView?are selected in the Fix All Imports dialog box.Click OK. The following import statement is added to the top of the file:import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; Within?HelloController, declare a private field named?HelloService:private HelloService helloService;Then create a public setter method for the field:public void setHelloService(HelloService helloService) { this.helloService = helloService;} Finally, right-click in the editor and choose Fix Imports (Ctrl-Shift-I; ?-Shift-I on Mac). The following statement is added to the top of the file:import service.HelloService;All errors should now be fixed.Register?HelloService?in?applicationContext.xml. Open?applicationContext.xml?in the editor and enter the following bean declaration:<bean name="helloService" class="service.HelloService" />Spring support in the IDE includes code completion within XML configuration files for Java classes as well as bean references. To invoke code completion, press Ctrl-Space when working in the editor:?Register?HelloController?in?dispatcher-servlet.xml. Open?dispatcher-servlet.xml?in the editor and enter the following bean declaration:<bean class="controller.HelloController" p:helloService-ref="helloService"/>Implementing the Views To implement the view for this project, you need to create two JSP pages. The first, which you will call?nameView.jsp, serves as the welcome page and allows users to input a name. The other page,?helloView.jsp, displays a greeting message that includes the input name. Begin by creating?helloView.jsp.In the Projects window, right-click the WEB-INF >?jsp?node and choose New > JSP. The New JSP File wizard opens. Name the file?helloView.Click Finish. The new JSP page is created in the?jsp?folder and opens in the editor.In the editor, change the file's title to?Hello, and change the output message to retrieve the?helloMessage?of the?ModelandView?object that is created inHelloController.<head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Hello</title></head><body> <h1>${helloMessage}</h1></body>Create another JSP page in the same manner?as above, but name it?nameView.In the editor, add the following Spring tag library declaration to?nameView.jsp.<%@taglib uri="" prefix="spring" %>This imports the?Spring tag library, which contains tags useful when implementing views as JSP pages.Change the contents of the?<title>?and?<h1>?tags to read:?Enter Your Name.Enter the following code beneath the?<h1>?tags:<spring:nestedPath path="name"> <form action="" method="post"> Name: <spring:bind path="value"> <input type="text" name="${status.expression}" value="${status.value}"> </spring:bind> <input type="submit" value="OK"> </form></spring:nestedPath> spring:bind?allows you to bind a bean property. The bind tag provides a bind status and value, which you use as the name and value of the input field. This way, when the form is submitted, Spring will know how to extract the submitted value. Here, our command class (controller.Name) has a?value?property, therefore you set thepath?to?value.? spring:nestedPath?enables you to prepend a specified path to a bean. So, when used with?spring:bind?as shown above, the path to the bean becomes:name.value. As you recall, the command name of?HelloController?is?name. Therefore, this path refers to the?value?property of a bean named?name?in the page scope.Change the relative entry point for the application. Currently, the project entry point is still?index.htm?which, as described in?Running the Skeleton Project?above, redirects to?WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp. You can specify an entry point for the project when it is deployed and run. In the Projects window, right-click the project node and choose Properties. The Project Properties dialog displays. Under Categories select Run. In the Relative URL field, type in?/hello.htm, then click OK.? At this moment you may wonder where the mapping of?hello.htm?to?HelloController?is located. You have not added a mapping to the?urlMapping?bean, as is the case for?index.htm, the skeleton project's welcome page. This is possible with a bit of Spring magic provided by the following bean definition in?dispatcher-servlet.xml:<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"/> This bean is responsible for automatically creating an URL mapping for all controllers registered in the file. It takes the fully-qualified class name of the controller (in our case,?controller.HelloController) and strips the package name and?Controller?suffix, then uses the result as a URL mapping. Therefore, forHelloController?it creates a?hello.htm?mapping. This magic however does not work for controllers that are included in the Spring Framework, such asParameterizableViewController. They require an explicit mapping.In the Projects window right-click the project node and choose Run. This compiles, deploys and runs the project. Your default browser opens, displaying?hello.htm?as the project's?nameView:?Output:?Result:Thus a simple web?MVC?application using the?Spring Framework has been executed successfully.3.2.1 SEARCHING IN REAL TIME WITH LIVE SEARCHES AND GETTING THE ANSWER WITH AUTO COMPLETEAim:To write AJAX program for Searching in Real Time with Live Searches and getting the answer with auto complete.Procedure:Enter a term to search for.Ajax contacts Google behind the scenes, looks up words that might match in a dictionary on the server and displays them.See a drop-down menu that displays common search terms from Google that might match what you’re typing.To select one of those terms, just click it in the menu. That’s all there is to it.Ajax application that connects to Google in this way behind the scenes.Program:Index.html<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>jQuery Ajax Live Search - DEMO</title><!-- Bootstrap core CSS --><link rel="stylesheet" href="//maxcdn.bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css"><!-- Custom styles for this template --><link href="starter-template.css" rel="stylesheet"><!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries --><!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src=""></script> <script src=""></script><![endif]--></head> <body> <div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">Link 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link 2</a></li> </ul> </div><!--/.nav-collapse --> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="starter-template"><div class="page-header"><h1>jQuery Ajax Live Search <small>DEMO</small></h1></div> <form role="form" method="post"> <div class="form-group"><input type="text" class="form-control" id="keyword" placeholder="Enter keyword"> </div></form><ul id="content"></ul> </div> </div><!-- /.container --> <!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript ================================================== --> <!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster --> <script src=""></script> <script src="//maxcdn.bootstrap/3.2.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">$(document).ready(function() {$('#keyword').on('input', function() {var searchKeyword = $(this).val();if (searchKeyword.length >= 3) {$.post('search.php', { keywords: searchKeyword }, function(data) {$('ul#content').empty()$.each(data, function() {$('ul#content').append('<li><a href="example.php?id=' + this.id + '">' + this.title + '</a></li>');});}, "json");}});});</script> </body></html>Search.php<?phpdefine('DB_USER', 'ENTER_USER');define('DB_PASSWORD', 'ENTER_PASSWORD');define('DB_SERVER', 'localhost');define('DB_NAME', 'ENTER_DBNAME');if (!$db = new mysqli(DB_SERVER, DB_USER, DB_PASSWORD, DB_NAME)) {die($db->connect_errno.' - '.$db->connect_error);}$arr = array();if (!empty($_POST['keywords'])) {$keywords = $db->real_escape_string($_POST['keywords']);$sql = "SELECT ID, post_title FROM wp_posts WHERE post_content LIKE '%".$keywords."%' AND post_status = 'publish'";$result = $db->query($sql) or die($mysqli->error);if ($result->num_rows > 0) {while ($obj = $result->fetch_object()) {$arr[] = array('id' => $obj->ID, 'title' => $obj->post_title);}}}echo json_encode($arr);starter-template.cssbody { padding-top: 10px; }.starter-template { max-width:640px;margin:0 auto;padding: 25px 15px; }Output:Result:Thus the AJAX program for Searching in Real Time with Live Searches and getting the answer with auto complete has been executed successfully. 3.2.2 AJAX PROGRAM FOR GETTING INSTANT LOGIN FEEDBACKAim:To write Ajax Program for Getting instant login feedback.Procedure:Type the wrong login name, get a new page explaining the problem, have to log in on another page.Enter an incorrect username and password, and the application says immediately that user name or password Error.Program:Login.php<?phpif ($_GET[“qu”] == “steve”){echo “taken”;}else {echo “ok”;}?>Login.html<body><H1>Choose a username</H1>Enter your new username <input id = “textField” type = “text”name = “textField” onkeyup = “checkUsername(event)”><div id = “targetDiv”><div></div></div></body>function checkUsername(keyEvent){keyEvent = (keyEvent) ? keyEvent: window.event;input = (keyEvent.target) ? keyEvent.target :keyEvent.srcElement;if (keyEvent.type == “keyup”) {var targetDiv = document.getElementById(“targetDiv”);targetDiv.innerHTML = “<div></div>”;if (input.value) {getData(“login.php?qu=” +input.value);}}}function getData(dataSource){if(XMLHttpRequestObject) {XMLHttpRequestObject.open(“GET”, dataSource);XMLHttpRequestObject.onreadystatechange = function(){if (XMLHttpRequestObject.readyState == 4 &&XMLHttpRequestObject.status == 200) {if(XMLHttpRequestObject.responseText == “taken”){var targetDiv = document.getElementById(“targetDiv”);targetDiv.innerHTML = “<div>That username is taken.</div>”;}}}XMLHttpRequestObject.send(null);}}Output: Result:Thus the Ajax Program for Getting instant login feedback has been executed successfully.3.2.3 AJAX PROGRAM FOR MODIFYING WEB PAGES ON THE FLYAim:To write Ajax Program for Modifying Web Pages On the FlyProcedure:Updating Web pages on the fly without page refreshesProgram:<html><head><title>JavaScript Event Example</title></head><body onmousedown=”document.bgcolor=’pink’”><h1>Click this page to turn it pink!</h1></body></html>Output: Result:Thus the Ajax Program for Modifying Web Pages On the Fly has been executed successfully.3.3 WRITE A WEB SERVICES FOR FINDING WHAT PEOPLE THINK BY ASKING 500 PEOPLE’S OPINION FOR ANY CONSUMER PRODUCTAim:To Write a web services for finding what people think by asking 500 people’s opinion for any consumer productProcedure:Open the home page.Enter the login ID and type the comments then submit.Retrieve comments with post idDisplay the comments.Program:Index.php<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><title>jQuery Ajax Comment System - Demo</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css"><script src=""></script><script src="js/script.js"></script></head><body><div class="wrap"><h1> Maggy Noodles Comment System</h1><?php// retrive postinclude('config.php');include ('function.php');dbConnect();$query = mysql_query('SELECT *FROM postWHERE post_id = 1');$row = mysql_fetch_array($query);?><div class="post"><h2><?php echo $row['post_title']?></h2><p><?php echo $row['post_body']?></p></div><?php// retrive comments with post id$comment_query = mysql_query("SELECT *FROM commentWHERE post_id = {$row['post_id']}ORDER BY comment_id DESCLIMIT 15");?><h2>Comments.....</h2><div class="comment-block"><?php while($comment = mysql_fetch_array($comment_query)): ?><div class="comment-item"><div class="comment-avatar"><img src="<?php echo avatar($comment['mail']) ?>" alt="avatar"></div><div class="comment-post"><h3><?php echo $comment['name'] ?> <span>said....</span></h3><p><?php echo $comment['comment']?></p></div></div><?php endwhile?></div><h2>Submit new comment</h2><!--comment form --><form id="form" method="post"><!-- need to supply post id with hidden fild --><input type="hidden" name="postid" value="<?php echo $row['post_id']?>"><label><span>Name *</span><input type="text" name="name" id="comment-name" placeholder="Your name here...." required></label><label><span>Email *</span><input type="email" name="mail" id="comment-mail" placeholder="Your mail here...." required></label><label><span>Your comment *</span><textarea name="comment" id="comment" cols="30" rows="10" placeholder="Type your comment here...." required></textarea></label><input type="submit" id="submit" value="Submit Comment"></form></div></body></html>Ajax_Comment.php<?phpif (isset( $_SERVER['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH'] )):include('config.php');include('function.php');dbConnect();if (!empty($_POST['name']) AND !empty($_POST['mail']) AND !empty($_POST['comment']) AND !empty($_POST['postid'])) {$name = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['name']);$mail = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['mail']);$comment = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['comment']);$postId = mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['postid']);mysql_query("INSERT INTO comment(name, mail, comment, post_id)VALUES('{$name}', '{$mail}', '{$comment}', '{$postId}')");}?><div class="comment-item"><div class="comment-avatar"><img src="<?php echo avatar($mail) ?>" alt="avatar"></div><div class="comment-post"><h3><?php echo $name ?> <span>said....</span></h3><p><?php echo $comment?></p></div></div><?phpdbConnect(0);endif?>Config.php<?php# db configuration define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');define('DB_USER', 'root');define('DB_PASS', 'root');define('DB_NAME', 'dbname');?>Function.php<?php/** * Connect to mysql server * @param bool * @use true to connect false to close */function dbConnect($close=true){if (!$close) {mysql_close($link);return true;}$link = mysql_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS) or die('Could not connect to MySQL DB ') . mysql_error();if (!mysql_select_db(DB_NAME, $link))return false;}/** * gravatar Image * @see */function avatar($mail, $size = 60){$url = "";$url .= md5( strtolower( trim( $mail ) ) );// $url .= "?d=" . urlencode( $default );$url .= "&s=" . $size;return $url;}?>Style.CSS/* general styling */*{margin: 0;padding: 0;box-sizing: border-box;-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;-moz-box-sizing: border-box;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-font-smoothing: antialiased;-o-font-smoothing: antialiased;font-smoothing: antialiased;text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;}body{font: 12px Arial,Tahoma,Helvetica,FreeSans,sans-serif;text-transform: inherit;color: #333;background: #e7edee;width: 100%;text-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)}.wrap{width: 720px;margin: 15px auto;padding: 15px 20px;background: white;border: 2px solid #DBDBDB;-webkit-border-radius: 5px;-moz-border-radius: 5px;border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;}a{ text-decoration: none; color: #333}h1{font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;font-size: 2.8em;text-align: center;margin: 25px 0;}h2{font-size: 1.5em; margin: 8px 0}h3{font-size: 1.2em;margin: 5px 0;}h3 span{font-weight: normal;font-size: 1em;}.item{clear: both;margin:0;padding: 10px;overflow: hidden;border-top: 1px solid #DBDBDB;}.item:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid #DBDBDB}.item:hover{background: #f9f9f9}.post{padding: 10px 0;border-bottom: 1px solid #E6E6E6;}.comment-block{margin: 20px 0 20px 20px;}.comment-item{overflow: hidden;width: 500px;clear: both;padding: 10px;border: 1px solid #E6E6E6;border-radius: 5px;margin: 5px;}.comment-avatar{width: 60px;float: left;}.comment-avatar img{width: 60px;height: 60px;border-radius: 5px;}.comment-post{width: 400px;float: left;padding: 0 5px 0 10px;}#form{clear: both;margin: 10px;width: 500px;}/* form styling */input[type="text"],input[type="email"],input[type="tel"],input[type="url"],textarea {width:100%;background: #fff;border: 1px solid #ddd;font-size: 13px;line-height: 20px;margin: 0;padding: 7px 10px;box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px #eee;border:1px solid #CCC;margin:0 0 5px;border-radius:5px;}textarea {height:100px;max-width:100%;}input[type="submit"] {cursor:pointer;width:100%;border:none;background:#991D57;background-image:linear-gradient(bottom, #8C1C50 0%, #991D57 52%);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(bottom, #8C1C50 0%, #991D57 52%);background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, #8C1C50 0%, #991D57 52%);color:#FFF;margin:0 0 5px;padding:10px;border-radius:5px;}input[type="submit"]:hover {background-image:linear-gradient(bottom, #9C215A 0%, #A82767 52%);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(bottom, #9C215A 0%, #A82767 52%);background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, #9C215A 0%, #A82767 52%);-webkit-transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:background 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:background-color 0.3s ease-in-out;}input[type="submit"]:active {box-shadow:inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);}input:focus,textarea:focus {outline:0;border:1px solid #999;}label{display: block;margin: 5px 0;font-weight: 900;cursor: pointer;}.alert{display: none;padding: 8px 35px 8px 14px;margin: 20px 0;text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);color: #468847;background-color: #dff0d8;border-color: #d6e9c6;-webkit-border-radius: 4px;-moz-border-radius: 4px;border-radius: 4px;}Script.js$(document).ready(function(){var form = $('form');var submit = $('#submit');form.on('submit', function(e) {// prevent default actione.preventDefault();// send ajax request$.ajax({url: 'ajax_comment.php',type: 'POST',cache: false,data: form.serialize(), //form serizlize databeforeSend: function(){// change submit button value text and disabled itsubmit.val('Submitting...').attr('disabled', 'disabled');},success: function(data){// Append with fadeIn see item = $(data).hide().fadeIn(800);$('.comment-block').append(item);// reset form and buttonform.trigger('reset');submit.val('Submit Comment').removeAttr('disabled');},error: function(e){alert(e);}});});});Output: Result:Thus a web services for finding what people think by asking 500 people’s opinion for any consumer product has been executed successfully.3.4 WRITE A WEB SERVICES FOR PREDICTING FOR ANY PRODUCT SALESAim:To write a web services for predicting for any product salesProcedure:Open the Home page.View the 2 products.Put the rating by user.Display the high rating product on the top of the page.Program:Page.html<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "" ><html lang="en"><head> <title>AJAX 5 Star Rating</title> <script src=""></script> <script> // This is the first thing we add ------------------------------------------ $(document).ready(function() { $('.rate_widget').each(function(i) { var widget = this; var out_data = { widget_id : $(widget).attr('id'), fetch: 1 }; $.post( 'ratings.php', out_data, function(INFO) { $(widget).data( 'fsr', INFO ); set_votes(widget); }, 'json' ); }); $('.ratings_stars').hover( // Handles the mouseover function() { $(this).prevAll().andSelf().addClass('ratings_over'); $(this).nextAll().removeClass('ratings_vote'); }, // Handles the mouseout function() { $(this).prevAll().andSelf().removeClass('ratings_over'); // can't use 'this' because it wont contain the updated data set_votes($(this).parent()); } ); // This actually records the vote $('.ratings_stars').bind('click', function() { var star = this; var widget = $(this).parent(); var clicked_data = { clicked_on : $(star).attr('class'), widget_id : $(star).parent().attr('id') }; $.post( 'ratings.php', clicked_data, function(INFO) { widget.data( 'fsr', INFO ); set_votes(widget); }, 'json' ); }); }); function set_votes(widget) { var avg = $(widget).data('fsr').whole_avg; var votes = $(widget).data('fsr').number_votes; var exact = $(widget).data('fsr').dec_avg; window.console && console.log('and now in set_votes, it thinks the fsr is ' + $(widget).data('fsr').number_votes); $(widget).find('.star_' + avg).prevAll().andSelf().addClass('ratings_vote'); $(widget).find('.star_' + avg).nextAll().removeClass('ratings_vote'); $(widget).find('.total_votes').text( votes + ' votes recorded (' + exact + ' rating)' ); } // END FIRST THING </script> <style> .rate_widget { border: 1px solid #CCC; overflow: visible; padding: 10px; position: relative; width: 180px; height: 32px; } .ratings_stars { background: url('star_empty.png') no-repeat; float: left; height: 28px; padding: 2px; width: 32px; } .ratings_vote { background: url('star_full.png') no-repeat; } .ratings_over { background: url('star_highlight.png') no-repeat; } .total_votes { background: #eaeaea; top: 58px; left: 0; padding: 5px; position: absolute; } .movie_choice { font: 10px verdana, sans-serif; margin: 0 auto 40px auto; width: 180px; } h1 { text-align: center; width: 400px; margin: 20px auto; } </style></head><body><h1> Rate the following movies! </h1><div class='movie_choice'> Rate: Raiders of the Lost Ark <div id="r1" class="rate_widget"> <div class="star_1 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_2 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_3 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_4 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_5 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="total_votes">vote data</div> </div></div><div class='movie_choice'> Rate: The Hunt for Red October <div id="r2" class="rate_widget"> <div class="star_1 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_2 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_3 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_4 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="star_5 ratings_stars"></div> <div class="total_votes">vote data</div> </div></div></body></html>Ratings.php<?php $rating = new ratings($_POST['widget_id']); isset($_POST['fetch']) ? $rating->get_ratings() : $rating->vote(); class ratings { var $data_file = './ratings.data.txt'; private $widget_id; private $data = array(); function __construct($wid) { $this->widget_id = $wid; $all = file_get_contents($this->data_file); if($all) { $this->data = unserialize($all); }}public function get_ratings() { if($this->data[$this->widget_id]) { echo json_encode($this->data[$this->widget_id]); } else { $data['widget_id'] = $this->widget_id; $data['number_votes'] = 0; $data['total_points'] = 0; $data['dec_avg'] = 0; $data['whole_avg'] = 0; echo json_encode($data); } }public function vote() { # Get the value of the vote preg_match('/star_([1-5]{1})/', $_POST['clicked_on'], $match); $vote = $match[1]; $ID = $this->widget_id; # Update the record if it exists if($this->data[$ID]) { $this->data[$ID]['number_votes'] += 1; $this->data[$ID]['total_points'] += $vote; } # Create a new one if it doesn't else { $this->data[$ID]['number_votes'] = 1; $this->data[$ID]['total_points'] = $vote; } $this->data[$ID]['dec_avg'] = round( $this->data[$ID]['total_points'] / $this->data[$ID]['number_votes'], 1 ); $this->data[$ID]['whole_avg'] = round( $this->data[$ID]['dec_avg'] ); file_put_contents($this->data_file, serialize($this->data)); $this->get_ratings();}# ---# end class}Output: Result:Thus the web services for predicting for any product sales has been executed successfully. ................
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