Survey and Health Assessment of Products for Interior Car Care

Survey and Health Assessment of Products for Interior Car Care

Kathe T?nning, Eva Jacobsen og Eva pedersen Danish Technological Institute Pia Brunn Pedersen Force Technology

Survey of Chemical Substances in Consumer Products, No. 105 2010

The Danish Environmental Protection Agency will, when opportunity offers, publish reports and contributions relating to environmental research and development projects financed via the Danish EPA.

Please note that publication does not signify that the contents of the reports necessarily reflect the views of the Danish EPA.

The reports are, however, published because the Danish EPA finds that the studies represent a valuable contribution to the debate on environmental policy in Denmark.

Contents

PREFACE

5

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

7

1 INTRODUCTION

13

1.1 BACKGROUND

13

1.2 OBJECTIVE

14

1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

14

2 SURVEY

15

2.1 OBJECTIVE

15

2.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT GROUP

15

2.3 SURVEY OF SUPPLY OF PRODUCTS FOR INTERIOR CAR CARE

15

2.3.1 Procedure

15

2.3.2 Shop visits

16

2.3.3 Internet searching

16

2.4 SURVEY RESULTS

16

2.4.1 Quantification of products

16

2.4.2 Car care centres

17

2.4.3 Consumer organisations

17

2.4.4 Shop visits

17

2.4.5 Internet shops

18

2.4.6 Products

18

2.5 SELECTION CRITERIA

25

2.5.1 Selected products

26

3 LEGISLATION

27

3.1 DANGER LABELLING

28

3.2 VERY TOXIC AND TOXIC PRODUCTS

28

3.3 BAN ON CERTAIN COMPOUNDS IN AEROSOL CANS

(SPRAY CANS)

28

3.4 DETERGENT REGULATION

29

3.5 LIMITATION IN USE OF PFOS (PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONIC

ACID)

29

3.6 REACH, THE NEW EU CHEMICAL REGULATION

30

4 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPOSURE SCENARIOS

31

4.1 EXPOSURE SCENARIOS

32

4.1.1 Skin contact

33

4.1.2 Inhalation

33

4.2 SELECTION OF PRODUCTS FOR EMISSION TESTS

34

4.3 PREPARATION OF EMISSION TESTS

34

5 SCREENING OF COMPOUNDS

37

5.1 APPLIED ANALYSIS METHODS FOR SCREENING

37

5.1.1 Semi-quantitative GC/MS screening

37

5.1.2 Qualitative SPME-GC/MS screening

38

3

5.2 RESULTS OF SCREENING

38

5.2.1 Results of the semi-quantitative screening

38

5.2.2 Results of qualitative screening of volatile organic compounds 42

5.2.3 Conclusion of screening results

46

5.3 SCREENING FOR THE EFFECTS OF COMPOUNDS ? RELATED

TO HEALTH

47

5.4 PRODUCTS AND COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR QUANTIFICATION

AND EMISSION TESTS

51

6 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES AND EXPOSURE

53

6.1 APPLIED ANALYSIS METHODS

53

6.1.1 Quantitative analyses for organic compounds

53

6.1.2 Description of exposure via inhalation

53

6.2 RESULTS OF QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES AND EXPOSURE

55

6.2.1 Results of content of organic compounds

55

6.2.2 Results of exposure scenarios

58

7 NANO PRODUCTS

63

7.1 EXPERIMENTAL COURSE FOR PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS

64

7.2 RESULTS OF PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS

66

8 HEALTH ASSESSMENT

69

8.1 ASSESSMENT OF THE EVAPORATION OF SUBSTANCES IN

RELATION TO THE LIMIT VALUES OF THE DANISH WORKING

ENVIRONMENT AUTHORITY

69

8.1.1 Which amount should be used in order to reach the limit value

of the Danish Working Environment Authority?

75

8.1.2 Calculated total concentration of hydrocarbons

78

8.2 SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR HEALTH ASSESSMENT

79

8.2.1 Objective of health assessment

81

8.3 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF PETROLEUM DISTILLATES

81

8.4 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF BUTANE

87

8.5 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF ETHYL ACETATE

90

8.6 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF 1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL (PGME) 93

8.7 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF BENZYL CHLORIDE

97

9 EXPOSURE SCENARIOS - CALCULATIONS

101

9.1 METHOD

101

9.1.1 Inhalation

102

9.1.2 Absorption through the skin

102

9.2 EXPOSURE SCENARIOS

103

9.2.1 Exposure by inhalation when applying products for interior

car care

105

9.2.2 Exposure during skin contact in connection with application of

products for interior car care

112

9.2.3 Total exposure

113

9.2.4 Overall conclusion

114

10 REFERENCES

115

APPENDIX A APPENDIX B 26 allergenic substances

4

Preface

The project "Survey and Health Assessment of Products for Interior Car Care" was carried out from April 2007 till November 2007.

This report describes the project results, comprising a survey of products as well as chemical analyses and a health assessment on a number of selected products.

Initially, it was examined which products exist on the Danish market within the category products for interior car care.

A screening phase followed and in a number of products quantitative analyses of a number of selected, problematic substances were carried out.

Finally, a health assessment was performed on a number of problematic substances.

The project was carried out by Danish Technological Institute with Master of arch. (cand.arc.) Kathe T?nning as project manager and head of laboratory Eva Jacobsen, laboratory technician Eva Pedersen and head of section Paul Lyck Hansen as project co-workers. The health related evaluation was carried out by BEng. (cand. polyt.) Pia Brunn Poulsen from FORCE Technology.

The project was followed by a reference group consisting of:

Sidsel Dyekj?r

Frank Jensen Shima Dobel Dorrit Skals Kathe T?nning

The Danish Environmental Protection Agency (Chairman of the reference group) The Danish Environmental Protection Agency The Danish Environmental Protection Agency The Danish Environmental Protection Agency Danish Technological Institute

The project was financed by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency.

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