Survey and Health Assessment of Products for Interior Car Care
Survey and Health Assessment of Products for Interior Car Care
Kathe T?nning, Eva Jacobsen og Eva pedersen Danish Technological Institute Pia Brunn Pedersen Force Technology
Survey of Chemical Substances in Consumer Products, No. 105 2010
The Danish Environmental Protection Agency will, when opportunity offers, publish reports and contributions relating to environmental research and development projects financed via the Danish EPA.
Please note that publication does not signify that the contents of the reports necessarily reflect the views of the Danish EPA.
The reports are, however, published because the Danish EPA finds that the studies represent a valuable contribution to the debate on environmental policy in Denmark.
Contents
PREFACE
5
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
7
1 INTRODUCTION
13
1.1 BACKGROUND
13
1.2 OBJECTIVE
14
1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
14
2 SURVEY
15
2.1 OBJECTIVE
15
2.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT GROUP
15
2.3 SURVEY OF SUPPLY OF PRODUCTS FOR INTERIOR CAR CARE
15
2.3.1 Procedure
15
2.3.2 Shop visits
16
2.3.3 Internet searching
16
2.4 SURVEY RESULTS
16
2.4.1 Quantification of products
16
2.4.2 Car care centres
17
2.4.3 Consumer organisations
17
2.4.4 Shop visits
17
2.4.5 Internet shops
18
2.4.6 Products
18
2.5 SELECTION CRITERIA
25
2.5.1 Selected products
26
3 LEGISLATION
27
3.1 DANGER LABELLING
28
3.2 VERY TOXIC AND TOXIC PRODUCTS
28
3.3 BAN ON CERTAIN COMPOUNDS IN AEROSOL CANS
(SPRAY CANS)
28
3.4 DETERGENT REGULATION
29
3.5 LIMITATION IN USE OF PFOS (PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONIC
ACID)
29
3.6 REACH, THE NEW EU CHEMICAL REGULATION
30
4 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPOSURE SCENARIOS
31
4.1 EXPOSURE SCENARIOS
32
4.1.1 Skin contact
33
4.1.2 Inhalation
33
4.2 SELECTION OF PRODUCTS FOR EMISSION TESTS
34
4.3 PREPARATION OF EMISSION TESTS
34
5 SCREENING OF COMPOUNDS
37
5.1 APPLIED ANALYSIS METHODS FOR SCREENING
37
5.1.1 Semi-quantitative GC/MS screening
37
5.1.2 Qualitative SPME-GC/MS screening
38
3
5.2 RESULTS OF SCREENING
38
5.2.1 Results of the semi-quantitative screening
38
5.2.2 Results of qualitative screening of volatile organic compounds 42
5.2.3 Conclusion of screening results
46
5.3 SCREENING FOR THE EFFECTS OF COMPOUNDS ? RELATED
TO HEALTH
47
5.4 PRODUCTS AND COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR QUANTIFICATION
AND EMISSION TESTS
51
6 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES AND EXPOSURE
53
6.1 APPLIED ANALYSIS METHODS
53
6.1.1 Quantitative analyses for organic compounds
53
6.1.2 Description of exposure via inhalation
53
6.2 RESULTS OF QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES AND EXPOSURE
55
6.2.1 Results of content of organic compounds
55
6.2.2 Results of exposure scenarios
58
7 NANO PRODUCTS
63
7.1 EXPERIMENTAL COURSE FOR PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS
64
7.2 RESULTS OF PARTICLE MEASUREMENTS
66
8 HEALTH ASSESSMENT
69
8.1 ASSESSMENT OF THE EVAPORATION OF SUBSTANCES IN
RELATION TO THE LIMIT VALUES OF THE DANISH WORKING
ENVIRONMENT AUTHORITY
69
8.1.1 Which amount should be used in order to reach the limit value
of the Danish Working Environment Authority?
75
8.1.2 Calculated total concentration of hydrocarbons
78
8.2 SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR HEALTH ASSESSMENT
79
8.2.1 Objective of health assessment
81
8.3 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF PETROLEUM DISTILLATES
81
8.4 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF BUTANE
87
8.5 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF ETHYL ACETATE
90
8.6 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF 1-METHOXY-2-PROPANOL (PGME) 93
8.7 HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF BENZYL CHLORIDE
97
9 EXPOSURE SCENARIOS - CALCULATIONS
101
9.1 METHOD
101
9.1.1 Inhalation
102
9.1.2 Absorption through the skin
102
9.2 EXPOSURE SCENARIOS
103
9.2.1 Exposure by inhalation when applying products for interior
car care
105
9.2.2 Exposure during skin contact in connection with application of
products for interior car care
112
9.2.3 Total exposure
113
9.2.4 Overall conclusion
114
10 REFERENCES
115
APPENDIX A APPENDIX B 26 allergenic substances
4
Preface
The project "Survey and Health Assessment of Products for Interior Car Care" was carried out from April 2007 till November 2007.
This report describes the project results, comprising a survey of products as well as chemical analyses and a health assessment on a number of selected products.
Initially, it was examined which products exist on the Danish market within the category products for interior car care.
A screening phase followed and in a number of products quantitative analyses of a number of selected, problematic substances were carried out.
Finally, a health assessment was performed on a number of problematic substances.
The project was carried out by Danish Technological Institute with Master of arch. (cand.arc.) Kathe T?nning as project manager and head of laboratory Eva Jacobsen, laboratory technician Eva Pedersen and head of section Paul Lyck Hansen as project co-workers. The health related evaluation was carried out by BEng. (cand. polyt.) Pia Brunn Poulsen from FORCE Technology.
The project was followed by a reference group consisting of:
Sidsel Dyekj?r
Frank Jensen Shima Dobel Dorrit Skals Kathe T?nning
The Danish Environmental Protection Agency (Chairman of the reference group) The Danish Environmental Protection Agency The Danish Environmental Protection Agency The Danish Environmental Protection Agency Danish Technological Institute
The project was financed by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency.
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