Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide - …

[Pages:730]Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide

Cisco IOS Release 12.2(40)SE Revised September 2007

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Text Part Number: OL-8603-04

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Catalyst 2960 Switch Software Configuration Guide

? 2006-2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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CONTENTS

Preface xxix Audience xxix Purpose xxix Conventions xxx Related Publications xxx Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines xxxii

Overview 1-1 Features 1-1 Ease-of-Deployment and Ease-of-Use Features 1-1 Performance Features 1-2 Management Options 1-3 Manageability Features 1-4 Availability and Redundancy Features 1-6 VLAN Features 1-7 Security Features 1-7 QoS and CoS Features 1-9 Monitoring Features 1-10 Default Settings After Initial Switch Configuration 1-10 Network Configuration Examples 1-12 Design Concepts for Using the Switch 1-12 Small to Medium-Sized Network Using Catalyst 2960 Switches 1-16 Long-Distance, High-Bandwidth Transport Configuration 1-17 Where to Go Next 1-18

Using the Command-Line Interface 2-1 Understanding Command Modes 2-1 Understanding the Help System 2-3 Understanding Abbreviated Commands 2-4 Understanding no and default Forms of Commands 2-4 Understanding CLI Error Messages 2-5 Using Configuration Logging 2-5

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Using Command History 2-6 Changing the Command History Buffer Size 2-6 Recalling Commands 2-6 Disabling the Command History Feature 2-7

Using Editing Features 2-7 Enabling and Disabling Editing Features 2-7 Editing Commands through Keystrokes 2-7 Editing Command Lines that Wrap 2-9

Searching and Filtering Output of show and more Commands 2-10 Accessing the CLI 2-10

Accessing the CLI through a Console Connection or through Telnet 2-10

Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default Gateway 3-1 Understanding the Boot Process 3-1 Assigning Switch Information 3-2 Default Switch Information 3-3 Understanding DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration 3-3 DHCP Client Request Process 3-4 Configuring DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration 3-5 DHCP Server Configuration Guidelines 3-5 Configuring the TFTP Server 3-6 Configuring the DNS 3-6 Configuring the Relay Device 3-6 Obtaining Configuration Files 3-7 Example Configuration 3-8 Manually Assigning IP Information 3-10 Checking and Saving the Running Configuration 3-10 Modifying the Startup Configuration 3-11 Default Boot Configuration 3-12 Automatically Downloading a Configuration File 3-12 Specifying the Filename to Read and Write the System Configuration 3-12 Booting Manually 3-13 Booting a Specific Software Image 3-14 Controlling Environment Variables 3-14 Scheduling a Reload of the Software Image 3-16 Configuring a Scheduled Reload 3-16 Displaying Scheduled Reload Information 3-17

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Configuring Cisco IOS CNS Agents 4-1 Understanding Cisco Configuration Engine Software 4-1 Configuration Service 4-2 Event Service 4-3 NameSpace Mapper 4-3 What You Should Know About the CNS IDs and Device Hostnames 4-3 ConfigID 4-3 DeviceID 4-4 Hostname and DeviceID 4-4 Using Hostname, DeviceID, and ConfigID 4-4 Understanding Cisco IOS Agents 4-5 Initial Configuration 4-5 Incremental (Partial) Configuration 4-6 Synchronized Configuration 4-6 Configuring Cisco IOS Agents 4-6 Enabling Automated CNS Configuration 4-6 Enabling the CNS Event Agent 4-8 Enabling the Cisco IOS CNS Agent 4-9 Enabling an Initial Configuration 4-9 Enabling a Partial Configuration 4-11 Displaying CNS Configuration 4-12

Clustering Switches 5-1 Understanding Switch Clusters 5-1 Cluster Command Switch Characteristics 5-3 Standby Cluster Command Switch Characteristics 5-3 Candidate Switch and Cluster Member Switch Characteristics 5-3 Planning a Switch Cluster 5-4 Automatic Discovery of Cluster Candidates and Members 5-4 Discovery Through CDP Hops 5-5 Discovery Through Non-CDP-Capable and Noncluster-Capable Devices 5-6 Discovery Through Different VLANs 5-6 Discovery Through Different Management VLANs 5-7 Discovery of Newly Installed Switches 5-8 HSRP and Standby Cluster Command Switches 5-9 Virtual IP Addresses 5-10 Other Considerations for Cluster Standby Groups 5-10 Automatic Recovery of Cluster Configuration 5-11 IP Addresses 5-12

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Hostnames 5-12 Passwords 5-13 SNMP Community Strings 5-13 TACACS+ and RADIUS 5-14 LRE Profiles 5-14 Using the CLI to Manage Switch Clusters 5-14 Catalyst 1900 and Catalyst 2820 CLI Considerations 5-14 Using SNMP to Manage Switch Clusters 5-15

6 C H A P T E R

Administering the Switch 6-1

Managing the System Time and Date 6-1 Understanding the System Clock 6-1 Understanding Network Time Protocol 6-2 Configuring NTP 6-3 Default NTP Configuration 6-4 Configuring NTP Authentication 6-4 Configuring NTP Associations 6-5 Configuring NTP Broadcast Service 6-6 Configuring NTP Access Restrictions 6-8 Configuring the Source IP Address for NTP Packets 6-10 Displaying the NTP Configuration 6-11 Configuring Time and Date Manually 6-11 Setting the System Clock 6-11 Displaying the Time and Date Configuration 6-12 Configuring the Time Zone 6-12 Configuring Summer Time (Daylight Saving Time) 6-13

Configuring a System Name and Prompt 6-14 Default System Name and Prompt Configuration 6-15 Configuring a System Name 6-15 Understanding DNS 6-15 Default DNS Configuration 6-16 Setting Up DNS 6-16 Displaying the DNS Configuration 6-17

Creating a Banner 6-17 Default Banner Configuration 6-17 Configuring a Message-of-the-Day Login Banner 6-18 Configuring a Login Banner 6-19

Managing the MAC Address Table 6-19 Building the Address Table 6-20

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MAC Addresses and VLANs 6-20 Default MAC Address Table Configuration 6-21 Changing the Address Aging Time 6-21 Removing Dynamic Address Entries 6-22 Configuring MAC Address Notification Traps 6-22 Adding and Removing Static Address Entries 6-24 Configuring Unicast MAC Address Filtering 6-25 Displaying Address Table Entries 6-26 Managing the ARP Table 6-26

Configuring SDM Templates 7-1 Understanding the SDM Templates 7-1 Configuring the Switch SDM Template 7-2 Default SDM Template 7-2 SDM Template Configuration Guidelines 7-2 Setting the SDM Template 7-2 .Displaying the SDM Templates 7-3

Configuring Switch-Based Authentication 8-1 Preventing Unauthorized Access to Your Switch 8-1 Protecting Access to Privileged EXEC Commands 8-2 Default Password and Privilege Level Configuration 8-2 Setting or Changing a Static Enable Password 8-3 Protecting Enable and Enable Secret Passwords with Encryption 8-3 Disabling Password Recovery 8-5 Setting a Telnet Password for a Terminal Line 8-6 Configuring Username and Password Pairs 8-6 Configuring Multiple Privilege Levels 8-7 Setting the Privilege Level for a Command 8-8 Changing the Default Privilege Level for Lines 8-9 Logging into and Exiting a Privilege Level 8-9 Controlling Switch Access with TACACS+ 8-10 Understanding TACACS+ 8-10 TACACS+ Operation 8-12 Configuring TACACS+ 8-12 Default TACACS+ Configuration 8-13 Identifying the TACACS+ Server Host and Setting the Authentication Key 8-13 Configuring TACACS+ Login Authentication 8-14 Configuring TACACS+ Authorization for Privileged EXEC Access and Network Services 8-16

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Starting TACACS+ Accounting 8-17 Displaying the TACACS+ Configuration 8-17

Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS 8-17 Understanding RADIUS 8-18 RADIUS Operation 8-19 Configuring RADIUS 8-19 Default RADIUS Configuration 8-20 Identifying the RADIUS Server Host 8-20 Configuring RADIUS Login Authentication 8-23 Defining AAA Server Groups 8-25 Configuring RADIUS Authorization for User Privileged Access and Network Services 8-27 Starting RADIUS Accounting 8-28 Configuring Settings for All RADIUS Servers 8-29 Configuring the Switch to Use Vendor-Specific RADIUS Attributes 8-29 Configuring the Switch for Vendor-Proprietary RADIUS Server Communication 8-31 Displaying the RADIUS Configuration 8-31

Configuring the Switch for Local Authentication and Authorization 8-32

Configuring the Switch for Secure Shell 8-33 Understanding SSH 8-33 SSH Servers, Integrated Clients, and Supported Versions 8-33 Limitations 8-34 Configuring SSH 8-34 Configuration Guidelines 8-34 Setting Up the Switch to Run SSH 8-35 Configuring the SSH Server 8-36 Displaying the SSH Configuration and Status 8-37

Configuring the Switch for Secure Socket Layer HTTP 8-37 Understanding Secure HTTP Servers and Clients 8-37 Certificate Authority Trustpoints 8-38 CipherSuites 8-39 Configuring Secure HTTP Servers and Clients 8-40 Default SSL Configuration 8-40 SSL Configuration Guidelines 8-40 Configuring a CA Trustpoint 8-40 Configuring the Secure HTTP Server 8-41 Configuring the Secure HTTP Client 8-43 Displaying Secure HTTP Server and Client Status 8-43

Configuring the Switch for Secure Copy Protocol 8-43 Information About Secure Copy 8-44

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