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Period Packets – Period 7: 1890 - 1945Unit 7 – Chapters 27-30Unit 8 – Chapters 31-35PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 – OverviewOverview An increasingly pluralistic United States faced profound domestic and global challenges, debated the proper degree of government activism, and sought to define its international role. In less than one lifetime, Americans went from buggies to automobiles to airplanes, as a communications and transportation revolution created a modern consumer culture. Within three decades, the nation experienced two horrific global wars, a colossal economic boom, and the worst depression in the world’s history.Beginning = End of “Indian Wars”, The Progressive Era – an attempt to fix the problems of the Gilded Age and Populist MovementWhat do I need to know?1. Motives for U.S. expanded overseas (imperialism) and examplesa. Examples: Hawaii, Panama Canal, Spanish/American War, Open Door Policy in China, Roosevelt Corollaryb. Reasons: New Markets post-Depression 1893, Turner’s Thesis, neo?‐ Manifest Destiny, Resources/Raw Materials, Spread Christianity (Civilizing Mission), Military (Alfred Thayer Mahan)2. How the Progressive Movement attempted to force the FEDERAL government to improve society and fix the problems of the Gilded Agea. Examples:i. Economic: Trust Busting, Sherman Antitrust Act, Hepburn Act, Clayton Antitrust Act (Wilson), Federal Reserve Act, The Jungle, Socialism’s rise and fall, Gold Standardii. Social: Temperance Movement, Women’s Suffrage Movement, Settlement Homes, Tenement Reform, Child Labor Reforms iii. Political: Rise of democracy (Wisconsin Idea, Lafollette, 17th Amendment [direct election of senators], Referendum, Recall elections, 19th Amendment [women’s suffrage]3. Reasons why the U.S. moved from neutrality to intervention in World War I and how the U.S. (under Woodrow Wilson) played a leading role in the peace processa. Examples: Neutrality To War – “A boat, a note, and a Revolution” Sinking of the Lusitania (boat), Note (Zimmermann Note), Revolution (Russian Revolution), Wilson “Make the World Safe for Democracy”b. WWI Homefront:i. Economic: Government purchased wheat and food, industry flourishedii. Social: Great Migration (African Americans flee Jim Crow South for jobs in northern cities, Anti?‐Immigrant (especially German) treatment, WEB DuBois “Returning Soldiers” iii. Political: Espionage & Sedition Acts, 19th Amendment, Restructuring of Gov’t (CPI, War Labor Board, etc.)c. Post War: Woodrow Wilson “14?‐Points” Speech, League of Nations rejected by US Senate (return to isolationism)4. How the “Roaring Twenties” represented a time of prosperity in American cities, but also a time of increased cultural tensiona. Tensions: Sacco & Vanzetti, Red Scare, Wall St. Bombing, Palmer Raids, Quota Act, Scopes Monkey Trial, Racism, Nativism, Prohibitionb. Prosperity: Growth of auto industry, homeownership, radio, sports 5. How the “New Deal” attempted to solve the problems of the Great Depression AND forever changed the role of the federal government by stressing 3 R’s: RELIEF, RECOVERY, and REFORMa. Examples: Bank Holiday/FDIC, Social Security, Agricultural Adjustment Administration (fix depression on the farm [dust bowl], NERA/NRA [beginning of federal relief [welfare], Wagner Act [minimum wage], TVA/CCC/WPA (public works)b. Challenges to New Deal and FDR:i. From the Left: Huey Long “Share the Wealth” Clubs, Father Charles Coughlin (wanted social justice programs) ii. Supreme Court: Ruled New Deal programs unconstitutional, (NRA, AAA, etc.), Court Packing Scheme (The switch in time that saved nine) 6. Reasons why the U.S. moved from neutrality in World War II to war after Pearl Harbora. Examples: Pacifism, Neutrality Acts, Cash & Carry, Lend?‐Lease7. How World War II impacted life on the Homefronta. Ends Great Depressioni. Examples: wartime production, women/Mexican/African American labor forceb. Social:i. Mexican Americans: Bracero Program “Zoot Suit Riots” in LA ii. Japanese Americans: Relocation, Internment Camps, Korematsu vs. USii. African Americans: “Double V Campaign” (Victory over fascism overseas, racism at home), Congress on Racial Equality (CORE), A Philip Randolph threatened March on Washington for jobsiii. Women: leverage industrial labor (Rosie the Riveter) into meaningful, if limited, political and economic gains8. Why the Allies won World War IIa. Examples: War production (Ford Willow Run plant, LA Ship works, etc.), technological innovations (Atomic Bomb/Manhattan Project)End = World War II Victory! VE/VJ DaysPeriod Perspectives The era was shaped by continued industrialization, urbanization, and immigration. The role and size of government, especially on the federal level, expanded to meet the challenges of a boom and bust economy and two global wars. Debates over the role of government, science and religion, culture and ethnic diversity also created anxiety and conflicts during this period that included the rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan. In foreign policy, the road from non-intervention to international leadership was unsure, reversed, and then reluctantly accepted by Americans.Alternate View This period begins with the Spanish-American War in 1898 and ends with World War II in 1945. But politically, the Progressive Era had its roots in the last two decades of the 19th century, and the New Deal coalition built in the 1930s continues to shape politics today.PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 - Main ThemesThemesApplied to this periodNational Identity- Fundamentalist Christianity vs. Progressivism – Morality and Role of Women- Ideas about Opportunity! – created hard work, perseverance, self-reliance, rugged individualism- Imperialism vs. Anti-Imperialism ideals- Large gaps between the Rich and Poor – Roaring 20’s, Great Depression- Manifest Destiny outside US borders – Imperialism!- Isolationism vs. Interventionism – WWI and WWII- Racial Equality – CORE, NAACP, WWII FightingWork, Exchange, and Technology- Industrialism of the North – use of immigrant and migrant populations as workers- Monopolies and “Robberbarons” – exploitation of the capitalist system and other nations continues- Transportation/Communication – Radio, Movies and Hollywood, Model T, assembly line, Planes- Unions – Progressive Movement vs. 20’s vs. 30’s- Consumerism – installment plans, buying on the margin, overproduction, speculation- Great Depression – Black Tuesday, Hoovervilles, Bonus Army, Dust Bowl- Economic ideas – Laissez Faire vs. Keynesianism- War Technology – barbed wire, machine guns, mustard gas, planes, radar, sonar, atomic bombs- War Economy – Total war support, Rosie the Riveter, BondsMigration and Settlement- Continued immigration – Mexican immigration during WWII- Increased migration to the cities - The Great Migration, WWII Migration, CORE, Politics and Power- America as a Global Empire – new markets, money = land = power- Tariffs – lots of them!- Progressivism – Muckrakers, referendums, recalls, secret ballot, social justice, worker reform- Roosevelt – the Square Deal, Elkins Act, Trustbusting, Meat Inspection, FDA, Bull Moose Party- Federal purview of the economy – Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Anti-Trust, FDR’s New Deal – 1st 100 days, the 3 R’s, Alphabet Soup Programs, Huey Long, Social Security, Court Packing, - WWI – Central Powers vs. Allies, U-boats, Zimmerman Note, Committee of Public Information, War Industries Board- Post WWI Isolationism – Kellogg Briand Pact, Dawes Plan- Expansion of Presidential powers – T. Roosevelt, FD Roosevelt.- WWII - Neutrality…then Lend Lease, Conscription, War Production Board, Office of Price Admin, WAC’s- Limitation of Civil Liberties – WWI (Anti German, Scheck vs. US) and WWII (Japanese Internment)America in the World- American Imperialism – Annexation of Hawaii, Spanish-American War, Teller and Platt Amendments, Open Door Policy, Boxer Rebellion, Panama Canal, Poncho Villa Raids- Diplomacy styles – Roosevelt’s Big Stick (Roosevelt Corollary), Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy, Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy.- WWI – Doughboys/AEF, Fourteen Points Speech, Treaty of Versailles, League of Nations- 20/30’s – Good Neighbor, Isolationism, Neutrality, Demilitarization- WWII – Atlantic Charter, Pearl Harbor, Midway, D-Day, Iwo Jima and Okinawa, Atomic BombsEnvironment and Geography- Industrialization of the North – pollution, urbanization, deforestation- Western Conservation – Roosevelt’s role, National Parks- Depression in the West – Overproduction, Dust Bowl- War impact – Pearl Harbor destruction, Atomic Bombs environmental impactCulture and Society- Racism/Ethnocentrism – Jingoism, KKK, Red Scare, immigration quotas, Nativism- Women – Temperance/18th amendment and Suffrage Movement/19th amendment, war efforts- New forms of entertainment – Movies, Speakeasies, baseball, flappers!- Crime – bootlegging, gangsters/Mobs - Artistic movements – Jazz, Harlem Renaissance, Modernism, Lost Generation, American Gothic- Scientific Ideas – Evolution vs. Creationism, Scopes Trial- Christian Ideas – Tradition vs. Progressivism, FundamentalismPERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 7) - Reading Guide (Chapter Twenty-Seven)Answer the following questions fully and completely.What are the social, economic, and political reasons for US Imperialism? Use pages 608-610 to do so. Be sure to provide one specific contextual evidence for each reason category.In one concise sentence, summarize “Spurning the Hawaiian Pear.”Complete the chart of the “Splendid Little War.”EventDetailsThe role it played in the Spanish-American WarThe Cuban RevolutionMaine ExplosionYellow JournalismInvasion of ManilaThe Rough RidersAnalyze the political cartoon on page 617. Write one sentence in response to this image that promotes the beliefs of the Anti-imperialism League (on page 620).Create a four way-contrasting graphic organizer illustrating the ways in which America acted as an imperial power in Puerto Rico, Cuba, the Philippines, and China. Be sure to include the Foraker Act, the Platt Amendment, the White Man’s Burden, Open Door Policy, and the Boxer Rebellion in your comparison.How did Theodore Roosevelt promote America as a Global Imperialist power? Be sure to include Big Stick Diplomacy, the Roosevelt Corollary, the Panama Canal, and the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize in your response.PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 7) - Reading Guide (Chapter Twenty-Eight)Answer the following questions fully and completely.In two concise sentence, summarize “Progressive Roots.” Be sure to include the term “social Gospel” in your summary sentence.Describe the muckrakers.” Include the who, what, when, why, how and their significance in starting the Progressive Movement.Create a detailed outline including the following categories: Goals of the progressive movement, early achievements, challenges, and the role of women in the movement. Use pages 641, 644-plete the follow chart on Teddy Roosevelt’s role in the Progressive plete the chart below:Roosevelt using his “Bully Pulpit”DetailsAssociated Goal and how?The Square DealTrustbustingThe Elkins ActThe Meat Inspection ActThe Pure Food and Drug ActConservationismExamine the political cartoons on pages 656 and 657 and answer the following question. How did the legacy of Roosevelt impact the ability for Taft to have a successful presidency? Be sure to cite the cartoons in your response.After reading about Taft’s presidency on pages 657-9, make a statement in defense of Taft’s decisions while in office. Address either his foreign policy, role as a trustbuster, or tariffs in your supporting statement.PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 7) - Reading Guide (Chapter Twenty-Nine)Answer the following questions fully and completely.After examination of the political cartoon on page 662, explain the election of 1912. Be sure to identify and briefly explain the three animals in the political cartoon in your response.Create a network tree graphic organizer (look it up on google if necessary) about Wilson as President. Include the main categories of domestic and foreign policy. Include the following sub categories: tax reform, banking reform, trustbusting, workers’ rights, Moral Diplomacy, Relations with Mexico, and the start of WWI. Each subcategory should have contextual evidence (hint: look for bolded terms). Analyze the two tables on page 671 and answer the following question. How was Wilson’s attempts to stay neutral during the first years of WWI a challenge? You must use both charts in your response!Explain how Wilson handled the sinking of the Lusitania and its impact on the outcome of the election of 1916.PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 7) - Reading Guide (Chapter Thirty)Answer the following questions fully and completely.In one concise sentence, summarize “War by of Germany.” Include the Zimmerman Notes in your plete the chart on US mobilization for the war effort:War MobilizationDetails and Notable FigureHow it supported the war effort?American Expeditionary Force/Doughboys (USE PPT)Committee of Public Information“Over there”Espionage ActSchenck v. USWar Industries BoardNational War Labor BoardCreate a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting the dissidence that existed during the war in regards to labor reform and women’s suffrage? Include their goals, strategies, leaders, and outcomes (effective or ineffective).How did war time propaganda support the war effort at home? Be sure to use the image on page 686 to support your response in addition to content from page 687-8.Make an argumentative statement in support of the Fourteen Points speech’s (page 680) goals in terms of dealing with the aftermath of the war. Then, make an argumentative statement in support of the Treaty of Versailles’s (page 694) goals in terms of dealing with the aftermath of the war. Each statement should be 2-3 sentences.What were the arguments around joining the League of Nations, and who were the opposing leaders on each side of this issue?PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 8) - Reading Guide (Chapter Thirty-One)Answer the following questions fully and plete the chart on antiforeignism in the 1920’s:Areas of DiscriminationDetailsWhat group is discriminated against and how?The Red ScareThe Palmer RaidsThe Sacco and Vanzetti CaseThe KKK/Bible BeltImmigration Act of 1924How did Prohibition promote crime and was doomed to fail? Be sure to include the 18th Amendment, the Volstead Act, Organized Crime, and bootlegging in your response.In one concise sentence, summarize “Monkey Business in Tennessee.” Be sure to include Fundamentalism in your sentence.What were the causes and effects of increased Mass production of consumer products in the 1920’s?Rank the new inventions of the 1920’s in terms of their overall impact on average Americans (most to least impactful). Use these inventions in your ranking: the airplane, the model T, the radio, motion pictures. Include 2-3 sentences to support your ranking.Create a network tree graphic organizer illustrating new reform and artistic movements in the 1920’s. Be sure to include the flapper movement, Jazz, the United Negro Improvement Association, modernism, the “Lost Generation”, and the Harlem Renaissance in your graphic organizer.A famous quote of Calvin Coolidge is “The business of America is business.” How did Coolidge support big business as illustrated in the political cartoon on page 725? Be specific.PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 8) - Reading Guide (Chapter Thirty-Two)Answer the following questions fully and completely.Create a graphic organizer illustrating how post war politics promoted a “Return to Normalcy” (a famous quote of Harding), hurting minorities and working class domestically and isolationism internationally. Domestically, be sure to include the “Ohio Gang,” Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, and declining union support. Internationally, be sure to include the Washington “Disarmament” Conference, the Nine-Power Treaty, the Kellogg-Briand Pact, and Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law.In one concise sentence, summarize “The Stench of Scandal.”Describe the Dawe Plan. Include the who, what, when, why, how and significance.Read the quote on page 742 and answer the following question. How did war time overproduction and mechanization foreshadow farmer problems in the 1920’s and thus become a leading cause for the Depression? Be specific. Use information from 734-5 and 740 to help you answer this question.Tell the story of the stock market crash and its immediate effects. Include Black Tuesday, installment plans, farm bankruptcy, and Hoovervilles in your plete the chart on Hoover’s response to the Great Depression:Hoover’s Actions (or Inactions)Its GoalHelp or hurt and how?“Rugged Individualism” (see quote on page 744)The Hoover DamReconstruction Finance Corp.Response to the Bonus ArmyPERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 8) - Reading Guide (Chapter Thirty-Three)Answer the following questions fully and completely. – These are not in order of the book…you will need to look throughout the chapter and use my PowerPoint to answer the questions.How did Franklin Roosevelt view his role as president in dealing with the Great Depression? Be sure to include the New Deal, the Brain Trust, the first hundred Days, and the 3 R’s in your plete the chart on FDR’s early New Deal activity:FDR’s “alphabet soup” programsDetailsWhich area does it serve and how?Labor, Unemployment, Banking, FarmingFDICTVAAAACCCNRAFair Labor Standards ActWagner ActSocial Security ActSECExplain the opposition that Roosevelt experienced while implementing the New Deal. Be sure to include Huey Long, Father Coughlin, and Court packing in your response.Evaluate and rank the following groups in terms of who was most harshly effected by the Great Depression: Women, African Americans, Factory laborers, and Farmers. Be sure to address Eleanor Roosevelt, the Brain Trust, the Black Cabinet, the CIO, and the Dust Bowl in your ranking support. Read pages 773-775 and examine political cartoon on page 775. Make a persuasive statement (2-3 sentences) promoting the idea that the New Deal was harmful to America. Be sure to mention Deficit Spending and Socialism in your response.PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 8) - Reading Guide (Chapter Thirty-Four)Answer the following questions fully and completely. – These are not in order of the book…you will need to look throughout the chapter and use my PowerPoint to answer the plete the chart on 1930’s US Isolationist vs Interventionist activity:Isolationist or Intervening eventsDate and DetailsIsolationism vs. Interventionism? How?London Economic ConferenceGood Neighbor PolicyReciprocal Trade AgreementsJohnson Debt Default ActNeutrality ActsAbraham Lincoln BrigadeQuarantine SpeechSt. Louis IncidentWar Refugee BoardLend Lease BillAtlantic CharterEmbargo on JapanCreate a color coded timeline of Aggression in the 1920’s and 1930’s based on the actions of the following nations: Germany, Italy, and Japan (one color per nation). Here are the events to include (and briefly explain) on the timeline: Japan invades Manchuria, Mussolini creates Fascism, Hitler elected as a Nazi, Italy invades Ethiopia, The Rome Berlin Axis, Japan invades China, Anschluss with Austria, Germany takes the Sudetenland, the Hitler-Stalin Act, the invasion of Poland, Hitler takes Paris, Kristallnacht, the Battle of Britain, the invasion of Pearl Harbor.In one concise sentence, summarize “America’s Transformation from Bystander to Belligerent.”PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 (Unit 8) - Reading Guide (Chapter Thirty-Five)Answer the following questions fully and completely.Immediately after America’s entrance to the war, what decision did the US government make to prepare for war? Be sure to address the ABC-1 Agreement, the Executive Order No.9066, and Korematsu v. US in your response. Complete the chart on US mobilization for the war effort:War MobilizationDetailsHow it supported the war effort?War Production BoardOffice of Price AdministrationNational War Labor BoardSmith-Connally Anti-Strike ActCreate a graphic organizer illustrating and explaining the role and treatment of women, African Americans, American Indians, and Mexicans play in the war effort (both domestically and internationally)? Be sure to include WAC’s, the Bracero Program, “Rosie the Riveter”, the Negro March on Washington, the Fair Employment Practices Commission, Tuskegee Airmen, the Congress of Racial Equality, and “Code Talkers.”Create a color coded timeline of WWII activity based on the actions of the following war theatres: Europe, the Pacific, North Africa, Russia (one color per nation). Here are the events to include (and briefly explain) on the timeline: The Bataan Death March, the Battle of Stalingrad, Operation Torch/The Battle of El Alamein, the Battle of Midway, Invasion of Italy, Operation Overlord/D-Day, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, the Battle of the Bulge, V-E day, the dropping of the Atomic Bombs, and V-J Day.Write a formal thesis statement either supporting or opposing the dropping of the atomic bomb. PERIOD 7: 1890-1945 - Crash Course Videos For each period, watch the following videos. There are no questions to go with these videos, but they will be IMMENSLY VALUABLE in helping you contextualize and compare time periods!1. The Progressive Era: Crash Course US History #27URL: . American Imperialism: Crash Course US History #28URL: . Progressive Presidents: Crash Course US History #29URL: . America in World War I: Crash Course US History #30URL: . Women's Suffrage: Crash Course US History #31URL: . The Roaring 20's: Crash Course US History #32 URL: . The Great Depression: Crash Course US History #33 URL: . The New Deal: Crash Course US History #34 URL: . World War II Part 1: Crash Course US History #35URL: . World War II Part 2 - The Homefront: Crash Course US History #36 URL: ................
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