Psychopathy Symptom Profiles and Neuropsychological Measures Sensitive ...

PSYCHOPATHY SYMPTOM PROFILES AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL MEASURES SENSITIVE TO ORBITOFRONTAL FUNCTIONING Thomas R. Wodushek, B.S., M.S.

Dissertation Prepared for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS August 2003

APPROVED: Ernest S. Harrell, Major Professor and Chair of the

Department of Psychology Craig S. Neumann, Committee Member Richard R. Rogers, Committee Member James Quinn, Committee Member C. Neal Tate, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse

School of Graduate Studies

Wodushek, Thomas, R. Psychopathy Symptom Profiles and Neuropsychological Measures Sensitive to Orbitofrontal Functioning. Doctor of Philosophy (Clinical Psychology), August 2003, 154 pp., 15 tables, 5 figures, references, 190 titles.

This study analyzed the relationship between the OF functioning of 100 incarcerated male offenders and their psychopathy symptoms. The study's rejected hypothesis had predicted a significant relationship between measures of OF functioning and the Defective Affective Experience (DAE) and Impulsive and Irresponsible Behavioral Style (IIB) factors of the Cooke and Michie (2001) three-factor model of psychopathy. Regression analysis failed to demonstrate a relationship between OF functioning and the DAE and IIB factors. Group differences on OF functioning were not demonstrated between participants in the upper and lower quartiles of a summed DAE and IIB factor score. A general role for OF functioning in criminal behavior was suggested as two OF measures accounted for 14.9% of the variance of criminal convictions.

Copyright 2003 by

Thomas R. Wodushek

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................ vi

Chapter

1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................... ...1

Neuropsychological Functioning Generalized Brain Damage Cognitive/Neuropsychological Dysfunction Left Hemisphere Dysfunction Frontal Lobes and Executive Functioning The Orbitofrontal Cortex and Psychopahty Anatomy of the Frontal Lobes Case Studies of OF Lesion Patients Labels & Symptoms Rolls (1998,2000): Rapid stimulus-reinforcement association learning Visual Discrimination/Reversal Task Damasio (1994): Somatic Marker Hypothesis Bechara Gambling Task OF functioning and Psychopathy Neuroimaging The Partial Psychopath Hypotheses

2. METHOD....................................................................................................... 60

Participant Apparatus Measures Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test (CC-SIT) Facial Expression Identification Stop-Signal Task Visual Object Discrimination Task Gambling Task Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI)

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WMS-III Spatial Span Benton Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) Wide Range Achievement Test ? 3 (WRAT-3) Reading Subtest Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV) Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression Scale (CES-D) Welsh Anxiety Scale (WAS) Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) Head Injury Screen Procedure

3. RESULTS................................................................................................... 78

Factor Structure Interrater Reliability Composite Variables Regression Investigations Group Comparisons of Cognitive Variables Supplementary Analyses Ethnicity Effects Head Injury Drug Use

4. DISCUSSION ............................................................................................ ..95

Strengths & Limitations Insights from Previous Studies Conclusions and Future Directions

APPENDIX A ............................................................................................................. .130

REFERENCE LIST...................................................................................................... .133

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