CHAPTER 2



The Earth Through Time, 10th Editionby Harold L. LevinChapter 16—Life of the CenozoicMultiple Choice QuestionsSelect the best answer.1.Grasses and prairies expanded during the __________Epoch.a. Eoceneb. Cenozoicc. Miocened. Pliocenee. Holocene2.What feature about grass resulted in mammals modifying their teeth?a. Grass contains siliceous secretionsb. Grass grows low to the groundc. Grass is a flowering plantd. Grass is coated with soil particlese. Both a. and d.3.What evolutional modification did herbivorous mammals go through to escape predators on open grasslands?a. Nose became longerb. Limbs and foot bones lengthenc. Tails shortenedd. Developed multiple stomachse. None of the above4.Which plankton type is used extensively to correlate Cenozoic rocks?a. Coccolithophoresb. Dinoflagellatesc. Diatomsd. Foraminiferae. None of the above5.Which of the following is not a phytoplankton? a. Coccolithophoresb. Dinoflagellatesc. Diatomsd. Foraminiferae. None of the above6.What is the name of the dominant Cenozoic reef building organism?a. Scleratinidsb. Atollc. Fringing reefsd. Rudistidse. Sea lily7.What is it called when a reef forms around a volcanic island and only the reef remains at the surface?a. Scleratinidsb. Atollc. Fringing reefsd. Barriere. Guyot8.What is the cause for volcanic islands to sink?a. thermal expansionb. landslidesc. thermal contractiond. meteorite impacte. volcanic eruption9.Which of the following is one of the dominant mollusks in the Cenozoic fossil record?a. Spongeb. Starfishc. Sand dollard. Bivalvese. Ammonite10.Which of the following marine animals declined in abundance and diversity during the Cenozoic? a. Starfishb. Elephantsc. Teleostsd. Gastropodse. Brachiopods11.From the Florissant Fossil Beds 1,100 different species if insects and spiders have been recovered. What rock type preserved these organisms?a. Volcanic ashb. Lava flowc. Limestoned. Conglomeratee. Novaculite12.What is the dominant fish type in the Cenozoic?a. Terebratiulidsb. Cartilaginousc. Teleostsd. Pectinoidse. Veneroids13.Cenozoic amphibians include frogs. In what time period did frogs achieve their modern appearance? a. Paleogeneb. Neogenec. Triassicd. Jurassice. Permian14.Many reptiles became extinct at the end of the Mesozoic. Which of the following made it into the Cenozoic?a. Turtlesb. Lizardsc. Snakesd. Tuatarae. All of the above15.Venomous snakes appeared during the __________________.a. Miocene Epochb. Eocene Epochc. Holocene Epochd. Pleistocene Epoche. Oligocene Epoch16.What bone is used to show the link between birds and theropods?a. Toeb. Furculac. Taild. Hipe. Skull17.The Cenozoic has a number of large flightless terrestrial birds. These birds are better represented in the fossil record because they have _____________.a. slight thin bonesb. more bonesc. more soft partsd. less bonese. more robust skeletons18.Mammals have _____________ teeth.a. fiveb. only molarsc. differential d. very long teethe. no19. How many bones do a vertebrate have in their neck?a. 7b. 5c. 6 d. 3e. 8.20.Early mammals are believed to be __________.a. insect eatersb. fish eaterc. larger than the dinosaursd. deafe. None of the above21.Which group of mammals lay eggs?a. Marsupialsb. Monotremesc. carnivoresd. herbivorese. Placental22.Which group of placental mammals spend most or all their time in the water?a. Insectivoresb. Ungulatesc. Ruminantsd. Cetaceanse. Proboscideans23.Marsupials and placental mammals of North and South America showed convergent evolution. However, marsupials declined after the formation of the _________________.a. Atlantic Oceanb. Panamanian land bridgec. Bering land bridged. Antarcticae. Pacific Ocean24.Which of the following is a montreme?a. platypusb. octopusc. possumd. raccoone. mammoth25.What living placental mammal is anatomically similar to the ancestor that gave rise to primates? a. Chimpanzeeb. Elephantc. Tree shrewd. Beavere. Banana slug26.Edentate mammals are characterized by ____________________.a. the abundance of teethb. walk of four legsc. walk on two legsd. the lack of teethe. having claws27.Rodents are distinguished by their _________________.a. gnawing – nibbling specializationb. sizec. colord. sounde. All the above28.Some Ice Age beavers were the size of a(n) __________________.a. alligatorb. bearc. cougard. donkeye. elephant29. On what basis are rabbits and rodents separated?a. Size of their earsb. Fur/no fur covered tailsc. Running motiond. Number of incisorse. None of the above30.Bats are the only mammals that have achieved _________________.a. glidingb. eat fruitc. powered flightd. hang upside downe. None of the above31. Which order of flesh eating mammal went extinct?a. Bearb. Creodontac. Orcad. Carnivorae. Human32. The extinct Smilodon belongs to which flesh eater group?a. Dogsb. Catsc. Horsesd. Reptilese. Amphibians33. Carnivorous play an important role in the evolution of their prey by removing less well adapted. This reduces the likelihood that __________. a. desirable traits will be passed on to the next generationb. a species will survivec. undesirable desirable traits will be passed on to the next generationd. carnivores will survivee. None of the above34. Which of the following belong to the Ungulates?a. Whalesb. Camelsc. Horsesd. Elephantse. All of the above35. Horse evolution involved which of the following traits?a. decrease in ear sizeb. decrease in sizec. increase in sized. longer tailse. None of the above36. Modern horses went extinct in ____________but were reintroduce by the Spanish explorers in the 1500’s.a. Spainb. Europec. North Americad. South Americae. New Zealand37.Which of the following belongs to the Proboscideans?a. Mastodonsb. Whalesc. Camelsd. Horsese. Snakes38.Mammoths and Mastodons had different teeth. The teeth of mammoths were adapted to _______________.a. eat twigs and branches in the forestb. eat fishc. grazing on grassd. each fruite. All the above39.What is the closest living relative to whales?a. Hippopotamib. Elephantsc. Giraffesd. Sharkse. Snakes40.Large mammals went extinct in North America ____________ years ago.a. 1000b. 110,000c. 11,000d. 2,500e. 200,000Answers to Questions1.c11.a21.b31.b2.e12.c22.d32.b3.b13.d23.b33.c4.d14.e24.a34.e5.d15.a25.c35.c6.a16.b26.e36.c7.b17.e27.a37.a8.c18.c28.b38.c9.d19.a29.d39.a10.e20.a30.c40.b ................
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