240 Issues Lose $15,894,818,894 in Month; Slump in Full ...



1920s DBQ- Modern vs. Traditional CulturesDescribe the urban-rural culture wars of the 1920's and the issues over which they were fought.Historical Context: The census of 1920 revealed some worrisome data. It showed that, for the first time in history, a majority of Americans lived in urban areas. This news was disturbing to many who still lived in rural settings, on farms, or in small towns. They became even more anxious as the decade saw an increase in the farm-to-factory migration that had begun in the early days of the industrial revolution. Rural Americans were concerned. They could understand the lure of the big city, with its bright lights, excitement, and comforts, but this only added to their distrust of cities and city ways. The growth and prosperity of the cities, contrasted to the decline and despair of rural countryside, seemed to announce the passing of an era. Country folk feared that their future was being lost to the culture of the cities. Traditional rural values were being subverted by new, modern city values. America was being assaulted by jazz, materialism, immorality, and fast, brash city ways. Automobiles, radios, movies, advertising, consumer credit, and other new realities of modern life were spreading these dangerous ideas and destroying traditional American values. Traditional, small-town America was under attack by the sinful ways of modernity.Rural America, feeling under siege, fought back in what became a culture war. The "battles: were fought in the newspapers, schools, churches, movies, music, radio shows, and political campaigns of the decade. And though the forces of urban growth proved largely unstoppable, and the ultimate triumph of modern values was predictable, even today, decades later, remnants of this clash of cultures, urban versus rural, modern versus traditional, continue to mark our own lives and times.Document 1 source info: The Ku Klux Klan was first born in the South during the years following the Civil War. At that time, the Klan fought against efforts to give newly-freed slaves full citizen status. Sixty years later, during the 1920's, the Klan rose again, attaining its largest membership ever- approaching five million. The Klan of the 1920's continued the racist anti-African American practices of the earlier Klan. It also expanded its hatred and opposition to Catholics, Jews, immigrants, and others who it believed were enemies of traditional Americanism. The following is an excerpt from an article by a Klan leader. (From H.W. Evans, "The Klan's Fight for Americanism," North American Review, March-April-May, 1926.Document 1- We are a movement of the plain people. ...We are demanding...a return of power into the hands of the everyday...average citizen of the old stock. Our members and leaders are all of this class. ...This is undoubtedly a weakness. It lays us open to the charges of being "hicks" and "rubes" and "drivers of second hand Fords."Presently we began to find that we were dealing with strange ideas...[a] moral breakdown that has been going on for two decades. One by one all of our traditional moral standards went by the boards, or were so disregarded that they ceased to be binding. The sacredness of our Sabbath, of our homes, of chastity, and finally even of our right to teach our own children in our own schools fundamental facts and truths were torn away from us.We found our great cities and the control of much of our industry and commerce taken over by strangers, who stacked the cards of success and prosperity against us. So the Nordic American today is a stranger in large parts of the land his fathers gave him.1.??Notes about document 1. (1?point)??????Document 2 source info: One of the most engaging histories of the 1920's is Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the 1920s by Frederick Lewis Allen (Harper & Row, 1929, 1964). The following excerpt from this book (p. 168) describes the 1925 case of John Scopes, a young biology teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, who was charged with violating the state law prohibiting the teaching of evolution.Document 2 quote: There was something to be said for the right of the people to decide what should be taught in their tax-supported schools, even if what they decided upon was ridiculous. ...In the eyes of the public, the trial was a battle between Fundamentalism on the one hand and twentieth century skepticism (assisted by Modernism) on the other...It was a strange trial. Into the quiet town of Dayton flocked gaunt Tennessee farmers and their families in mule-drawn wagons and ramshackle Fords; quiet, godly people in overalls and gingham and black, ready to defend their faith against the "foreigners," yet curious to know what this new-fangled evolutionary theory might be.2.??Notes about document 2: (1?point) ??????Document 3 source info: Here is an excerpt from a letter written to the national Crime and Law Enforcement Commission in 1929 by an officer of the NEw England Club of Seattle, Washington. (This letter comes from the National Archives and is found in "The 1920's: A Supplemental Teaching Unit" published by the National Archives and Social Issues Resources Series, Inc. [SIRS])Document 3 quote: ...much the greater part of the vicious forms of crime are committee by recent immigrants who have not yet learned the necessity for conforming to the statutes and restrictions of our government, and especially those who are subject to certain alien political church influences....the increase in crime is...from...the great increase in criminal opportunity afforded by the invention of the auto. ...And in close connection...lie all of the evils of the liquor traffic and drinking. For the liquor evils, sporting business and professional men, fashionable society and a certain type of newspapers are almost wholly responsible.3.??Notes about document 3: (1?point) ??????Document 4 source info: This excerpt comes from an article in a small town newspaper, the Elizabethton, Tennessee Star, April 18, 1925. (Found in the SIRS, National Archives 1920's unit.)Document 4 quote: "Edward J. Tobin, superintendent of Cook county schools and in that capacity supervisor over the schooling of 100,000 children, believes that "a young couple, a bottle of moonshine, and an automobile are the most dangerous quartet that can be concocted for the destruction of human society." 4.??Notes about document 4: (1?point) ????Document 5 source info: This document comes from a letter written by " a mother" to George Wickersham in 1929. Wickersham, a prominent lawyer and former U.S. Attorney General, served as chairman of a committee appointed by President Hoover to investigate prohibition. (This letter, dated July 22, 1929, comes from the National Archives and is found in the SIRS 1920's unit.)Document 5 quote: "Please hear the plea of a heartbroken mother and send some reliable person to investigate the condition of an Italian joint, where children are sold rum for ten cents a drink...I am alone trying to rear [my son] an honorable American but how can I when this foreigner...is allowed to ruin my boy."5.??412396240682700Notes about document 5: (1?point) ?Document 6 source info: 6.??Notes about document six- the cartoon. (1?point)??7.??Describe the urban-rural culture wars of the 1920's and the issues over which they were fought.?45402656740924002020196480884003285017325310500244941525130032848559525000DOCUMENT-BASED ESSAY QUESTIONHoover and the Great DepressionThis question is based on the accompanying documents (1-5). The question is designed to test your ability to work with historical documents. Some of the documents have been edited for the purposes of the question. As you analyze the documents, take into account both the source of each document and any point of view that may be presented in the document.Historical Context:Following the economic boom of the 1920s, the United States entered a period of prolonged economic depression. Known as the Great Depression, many citizens of the United States were greatly affected by it. During the Hoover and Roosevelt Administrations, several economic initiatives were developed to limit the effects of the Great Depression and allow the American economy to prosper once again.Task:Using information from the documents and your knowledge of United States history and government, answer the questions that follow:21907584455Describe the economic problems that existed during the Great Depression.Discuss the strategies used by Herbert Hoover to deal with these economic problems.Evaluate the overall effectiveness of the economic programs initiated by Hoover.00Describe the economic problems that existed during the Great Depression.Discuss the strategies used by Herbert Hoover to deal with these economic problems.Evaluate the overall effectiveness of the economic programs initiated by Hoover.107632558420"Abandoned house, Haskell County, Kansas"-Irving Rusinow00"Abandoned house, Haskell County, Kansas"-Irving RusinowDocument 1Document 2952548895STOCKS COLLAPSE IN 16,410,030-SHARE DAY, BUT RALLY AT CLOSE CHEERS BROKERS; BANKERS OPTIMISTIC, TO CONTINUE AID240 Issues Lose $15,894,818,894 in Month; Slump in Full Exchange List Vastly Larger-October 30, 1929, Page 1, Columns 6-800STOCKS COLLAPSE IN 16,410,030-SHARE DAY, BUT RALLY AT CLOSE CHEERS BROKERS; BANKERS OPTIMISTIC, TO CONTINUE AID240 Issues Lose $15,894,818,894 in Month; Slump in Full Exchange List Vastly Larger-October 30, 1929, Page 1, Columns 6-8_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Document 3Document 411430027940“… Republicans followed a trickle-down theory… They reasoned that, if government legislation protected the wealth of big corporations and the well-to-do, their continued investments would expand the economy and a better life would ‘trickle down’ to workers and consumers in general.-United States History & Government: Constitutional & Geopolitical Patterns, 200100“… Republicans followed a trickle-down theory… They reasoned that, if government legislation protected the wealth of big corporations and the well-to-do, their continued investments would expand the economy and a better life would ‘trickle down’ to workers and consumers in general.-United States History & Government: Constitutional & Geopolitical Patterns, 2001______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Document 5left16510I intend... to discuss some of those more fundamental principles upon which I believe the government of the United States should be conducted.... During one hundred and fifty years we have builded up a form of self government and a social system which is peculiarly our own.? It differs essentially from all others in the world.? It is the American system.... It is founded upon the conception that only through ordered liberty, freedom and equal opportunity to the individual will his initiative and enterprise spur on the march of progress.? And in our insistence upon equality of opportunity has our system advanced beyond all the world. During [World War I] we necessarily turned to the government to solve every difficult economic problem.? The government having absorbed every energy of our people for war, there was no other solution.? For the preservation of the state the Federal Government became a centralized despotism, which undertook unprecedented responsibilities, assumed autocratic powers, and took over the business of citizens.? To a large degree, we regimented our whole people temporally into a socialistic state.? However justified in war time, if continued in peace-time it would destroy not only our American system but with it our progress and freedom as well. -Herbert Hoover, "Rugged Individualism Speech" (October 22, 1928)00I intend... to discuss some of those more fundamental principles upon which I believe the government of the United States should be conducted.... During one hundred and fifty years we have builded up a form of self government and a social system which is peculiarly our own.? It differs essentially from all others in the world.? It is the American system.... It is founded upon the conception that only through ordered liberty, freedom and equal opportunity to the individual will his initiative and enterprise spur on the march of progress.? And in our insistence upon equality of opportunity has our system advanced beyond all the world. During [World War I] we necessarily turned to the government to solve every difficult economic problem.? The government having absorbed every energy of our people for war, there was no other solution.? For the preservation of the state the Federal Government became a centralized despotism, which undertook unprecedented responsibilities, assumed autocratic powers, and took over the business of citizens.? To a large degree, we regimented our whole people temporally into a socialistic state.? However justified in war time, if continued in peace-time it would destroy not only our American system but with it our progress and freedom as well. -Herbert Hoover, "Rugged Individualism Speech" (October 22, 1928)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________center152400Describe the economic problems that existed during the Great Depression.Discuss the strategies used by Herbert Hoover to deal with these economic problems.Evaluate the overall effectiveness of the economic programs initiated by Hoover.00Describe the economic problems that existed during the Great Depression.Discuss the strategies used by Herbert Hoover to deal with these economic problems.Evaluate the overall effectiveness of the economic programs initiated by Hoover. ................
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