Wisconsin Childhood Communicable Diseases
WISCONSIN CHILDHOOD COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat
Respiratory
Gastrointestina l
Disease Name
(AKA, causative agent)
Cold sores
(Herpes simplex virus)
Mononucleosis
(Mono, Epstein-Barr virus)
Mumps R/V
(Mumps virus)
Pink Eye
(Bacterial or viral conjunctivitis)
Spread by
Direct contact with open sores or saliva Person to person contact with saliva Inhalation of respiratory droplets, direct contact with saliva of infected person Direct or indirect contact with eye discharge
Strep Throat and Scarlet Fever
Contact with infectious respiratory droplets and saliva,
(Streptococcal pharyngitis, Group A Streptococcus)
direct contact with mouth or nose secretions
Incubation Period
Time from exposure to symptoms
Signs and Symptoms
Time Period When Person is Contagious
Criteria for Exclusion from School or Group
Onsite Control and Prevention Measures
2 days to 2 weeks 30-50 days 12-25 days; usually 16-18 days Variable depending on causative organism
2-5 days
Fever, irritability, blisters in mouth, on gums, lips, 2-7 weeks after symptoms appear, virus Exclude until fever-free, child able to control drooling,
conjunctivitis, keratitis
shedding possible without symptoms blisters resolved
Fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue
Fever, swelling and tenderness of parotid glands, headache, earache, painful swollen testicles, abdominal pain with swollen ovaries Bacterial: red/pink itchy eye(s), green/yellow eye discharge Viral: pink-swollen eye(s), light sensitivity
Many months after infection; excretion of virus can occur intermittently for life From 2 days before to 5 days after swelling
While signs and symptoms are present
None, unless illness prevents participation; no contact
sports until spleen no longer enlarged
For all diseases: Good handwashing and hygiene; avoid
Exclude for 5 days after swelling onset (day of swelling onset is day zero); exclude susceptible* contacts from
kissing, sharing drinks, or utensils, use proper disinfection of surfaces and toys
day 12 through day 25 after exposure
Mumps: Provide immunization records for exposed
None, unless fever, behavior change or unable to
individuals to public health officials
avoid touching eyes; antibiotics not required for
return
Strep Throat: Avoid kissing, sharing drinks, or utensils;
exclude infected food handlers; minimize contact with
respiratory and oral secretions
Sore throat, fever, headache, tender swollen lymph Until 24 hours after initiation of
nodes, decreased appetite, chills and sweats
appropriate antibiotic treatment
Exclude for 24 hours after initiation of appropriate antibiotic and fever resolved
Influenza V
(Flu, Influenza virus)
Pertussis R/V
(Whooping cough, Bordetella pertussis)
Respiratory Syncytial virus
(RSV)
Inhalation of respiratory droplets 1-4 days
Inhalation or direct contact of 5-21 days;
respiratory secretions
usually 710 days
Direct or close contact with respiratory droplets or direct contact of eye, nose, or mouth discharges, or contaminated surfaces
2-8 days; usually 4-6 days
Fever, cough, nasal congestion, headache, body aches, fatigue Early cold-like signs or symptoms, coughing progressing to severe, often with "whoop," vomiting possible, absent or minimal fever, most severe first 6 months after birth
Runny nose, cough, sneezing, wheezing, fever
1 day prior to and up to 5-7 days after symptoms begin 7 days prior to and until 21 days after onset of cough; or 5 days after start of treatment
Duration of illness; usually 3-8 days
Exclude until fever resolved for 24 hours Exclude until after 5 days of appropriate antibiotic treatment; if no antibiotic treatment, exclude 21 days after cough onset
For all diseases: Handwashing and good personal hygiene including covering coughs and sneezes Pertussis: Refer symptomatic individuals to health care provider for evaluation
Exclude until fever resolved for 24 hours
Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Avoid sharing linens, toys
Diarrhea of unknown cause
Gastroenteritis, Bacterial R Campylobacter Salmonella Shigella E. coli O157:H7 and other
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) Gastroenteritis, Parasitic R Cryptosporidium Giardia
Gastroenteritis, Viral Norovirus Rotavirus V
Hepatitis A R/V
(Hepatitis A virus)
Pinworm infection
(Enterobius vermicularis)
Clostridium difficile infection
(CDI, C. diff)
Fifth Disease
(Human parvovirus B19, erythema infectiosum)
Usually fecal-oral Fecal-oral: person-to-person, water, food For bacteria other than Shigella: animal-to-person, especially livestock, poultry, and pets Fecal-oral: water, person-toperson, food, animal-to-person, especially calves Fecal-oral: person-to-person, water, food, environmental surfaces Fecal-oral: close personal contact, contaminated food
Fecal-oral: directly or indirectly from toys, bedding, toilets Fecal-oral: person-to-person, environmental surfaces
Variable
1-7 days; usually 2-5 days, varies by bacteria
Cryptosporidium: 3-14 days Giardia: 1-3 weeks 12-72 hours
15-50 days; average 2830 days 1-2 months or longer from time of ingestion of eggs to adult worm reaching anal area Variable; 5 days after starting antibiotic treatment to 10 weeks following completion
3 or more loose stools in 24 hour period Mild to severe diarrhea that can be bloody, abdominal cramps, may include vomiting or fever, asymptomatic infections possible Shiga toxin-producing E. coli can cause severe kidney complications Salmonella can cause bloodstream and urinary tract infections Acute non-bloody watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, fatigue, fever, anorexia and weight loss; can have recurring symptoms Giardia can cause foul smelling stools Acute onset vomiting and/or non-bloody diarrhea, possible nausea, abdominal cramps, low-grade fever, headache, malaise
Fever, anorexia, fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, dark-brown urine; most children ................
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