What is Plagiarism? - SRJC

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What is Plagiarism?

Dictionary definition: "to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own without crediting the source."

Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary

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What Actions Constitute Plagiarism?

? Copying another person's writing ? Paraphrasing or summarizing someone's writing ? Expressing someone's original ideas, thoughts,

e-mail or conversation ? Using photos or images, data, charts, graphs

without permission/credit ? Buying, borrowing, stealing a paper ? Hiring someone else to write your paper

USING OTHER PEOPLE'S WORDS AND IDEAS WITHOUT GIVING PROPER CREDIT OR CITATION

NOTE: The original source does not need to be published or copyrighted

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Various Degrees of Plagiarism

? Direct plagiarism ? copying someone's words exactly and deliberately without credit

? Unintentional plagiarism ? Accidentally failing to cite sources correctly, or copying exact wording, paraphrasing (summarizing) without citing

? Collaborative plagiarism ? working with someone else on a paper, having someone write your paper or letting someone turn your paper in as theirs. Hiring someone to write a paper (papermills)

? Self-plagiarism ? using a previously written paper

as another assignment (without getting permission

from instructors)

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Direct Plagiarism Example!

Stephen Ambrose, Copycat: The latest work of a bestselling historian isn't all his. The Daily Standard. January 14, 2002. By Fred Barnes Wings of Morning: The Story of the Last American Bomber Shot Down over Germany in World War II by Thomas Childers The Wild Blue: The Men and Boys Who Flew the B-24s over Germany by Stephen Ambrose

? Thomas Childers, Wings of Morning, Page 83 "Up, up, up, groping through the clouds for what seemed like an eternity. ... No amount of practice could have prepared them for what they encountered. B-24s, glittering like mica, were popping up out of the clouds all over the sky." ? Stephen Ambrose, The Wild Blue, Page 164 "Up, up, up he went, until he got above the clouds. No amount of practice could have prepared the pilot and crew for what they encountered--B-24s, glittering like mica, were popping up out of the clouds over here, over there, everywhere."

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What Educators Are Doing to Combat Plagiarism?

? :

Did you know that Turnitin... ? is used by over a half-a-million instructors worldwide? ? is licensed by over 8500 high schools and colleges in 109 countries? ? supports Originality Reports and content searches in over 30

languages? ? processes up to 130,000 papers a day? ? has processed more than 90 million student papers total? ? is anticipated to reach over 100 million papers by October, 2009? ? integrates with all major course management systems? ? searches against over 12 billion pages of web content plus more than

80,000 subscription-based journals and periodicals?

From: web site. Turnitin Quick Facts

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Why Some Students Plagiarize (accidentally or otherwise)

? Poor note-taking and organizational skills. (They do not make good notes on sources and information in them.)

? Lack of knowledge about the rules for quoting, paraphrasing and citing information

? Poor time management (They don't leave enough time to complete assignments.)

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How to Avoid Plagiarism 1

? Don't procrastinate ? allow time to research and write your paper

? Develop a good note-taking system: record information and take accurate notes

? Decide how to incorporate the information into a paper: quote directly, paraphrase or summarize

? Decide if the information is "common knowledge" (a fact that most people know and that is found in many sources)

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How to Avoid Plagiarism 2

? ALWAYS credit an author in the text of your paper and provide an accurate citation at the end

? Know the rules for crediting an author correctly

? When in doubt, CITE ? Don't worry about using "too many"

citations (it shows you did your research)!

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Techniques for Incorporating Source Information into Your Papers

? Quoting ? Paraphrasing ? Summarizing

For these techniques you must credit the author by: Including a parenthetical reference in parentheses at the end of the last sentence

Example:

In Learning to Learn, Riedling defines copyright as "a legal

protection that provides the creator of a work with the sole right to

publish, reproduce, and sell that work." (79).

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Quoting Specifics:

? Copy and reproduce the exact words

? For short quotations (less than 4 lines):

?Mention the person's name within the sentence ?Place text in quotation marks ?Use brackets [ ] to show changed wording of the original ?Use ellipses ... to show omitted wording ?Give page # at end in parentheses

? For long quotations (more than 4 lines):

?Use block indent with citation ?Provide author and page # at end

? Be selective in using quotes. Use them to support your own ideas.

? Remember to "introduce" the quote and explain

why you are using it

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Quoting examples 1

Short sentence (using quotation marks):

Herrera explains that Frida Kahlo's fantasy "was a product of

her temperament, life, and place; it was a way of coming to terms with reality, not of passing beyond reality into another

realm." (258)

Complete paragraph (indented no quotes):

Her art was not the product of a disillusioned European culture searching for an escape from the limits of logic by plumbing the subconscious. Instead, her fantasy was a product of her temperament, life, and place; it was a way of coming to terms with reality, not of passing beyond reality into another realm. (Herrera 258)

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Quoting examples 2

Change in wording (indicated by square brackets):

The St. Martin's Handbook defines plagiarism as "the use of someone else's words or ideas as [the writer's] own without crediting the other person." (Lunsford and Connors 602)

Examples from:

Lunsford, Andrea and Robert Connors. The New St. Martin's Handbook. New York: Bedford Books, 1999. Print.

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Transcribe the following quote correctly

? Write an intro. phrase using the author's name ? Use quotation marks to show the actual quotation ? Change the 2nd television to "its" [ ] ? Remove the extra words "I was informed" ... ? Identify the page number at the end in parentheses

Another possible source of guidance for teenagers, I was informed, is television, but television's message has always been that the need for truth, wisdom and world peace pales by comparison with the need for a toothpaste that offers whiter teeth and fresher breath.

Dave Barry, "Kids Today: They Don't Know Dum Diddly Do" Page 89.

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Dave Barry observes that "another possible source of guidance for teenagers... is television, but [its] message has always been that the need for truth, wisdom and world peace pales by comparison with the need for a toothpaste that offers whiter teeth and fresher breath." (89)

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