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World War 1: Alliances & Declarations of WarTeacher Lecture NotesPass out timeline organizer- give instructions on how to complete the chart:Put the key events in chronological order as discussed in the lecture notes. Triple Entente actions on the left, Triple Alliance actions on the Right. Show example after the first two events.The Alliances: What does Alliance mean? “We Got Your Back!”The Triple EntenteGreat BritainFranceRussiaEasy way to remember who is in the Entente? The name looks and sounds French!The Triple AllianceGermanyAustria-HungaryItalyHow it all begins:Gavrilo Princip (Serbia) a member of an organization called “The Black Hand”- a radical organization that fought to free Bosnia from Austrian control.Assassinates the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife. The Archduke is the heir to the Austrio-Hungarian empire. Gavrilo is caught.The Serbian government, not at fault nor involved, still offers to go into mediation with Austria-Hungary to discuss the issue and terms of settlement.Austria uses this event to blame Serbia. Refuses mediation. ***Why does Austria want to blame Serbia?Austria declares war on Serbia on July 28, 1914.Russia is an Ally of Serbia- not apart of the Triple Entente.Declarations of War:Russia mobilizes troops to the Russian-Austrian border to support Serbia. Russia anticipates that Germany is going to come to the aid of Austria-Hungary- and sends some of the mobilized troops to the German-Russian border as well.Germany sees this mobilization as an act of aggression, and declares war on Russia on August 1st.Germany then declares war on France two days later.WAIT! What does France have to do with it?Germany is assuming, that since France has an alliance agreement with Russia, that France will come to Russia’s aid. Russia was likely going to ask for France’s support, but Germany decides not to wait long enough to find out, and pre-emptively declares war on France.**Germany invades neutral Belgium in order to reach France, ONE DAY LATER. BelEngland, in response to Germany’s declaration of war on France, as a member of the alliance, and the invasion of neutral Belgium, declares war on Germany a few days later.Japan joins the Triple Entente- WHY? What does any of this have to do with Japan? Japan had been an ally of Great Britain since 1902, and wanted to make a deal- They would join the Entente and support Great Britain in exchange for being able to take Germany’s pacific territories. The Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria join the Triple Alliance- both see it as an opportunity to regain lost territory. They had nothing to do with any of it, except they hoped that if the Triple Alliance won, they would gain back what had been lost.*** So, what were the motivations to enter World War I? Write answers on the board.Italy switches teams- Italy sees Germany & Austria’s declarations of war as acts of aggression and breaks the alliance- alliance was supposed to be in defense, not offense.Germany invades neutral Belgium to get to France quickly- violates neutrality laws. Belgium joins the Entente.New Alliances:The Triple Entente becomes the Allied Powers, or “Allies”Great Britain- and BelgiumFranceRussia- and by extension SerbiaJapanItalyThe Triple Alliance becomes the Central Powers (because of the central location in Europe).GermanyAustria-HungaryThe Ottoman EmpireBulgariaThe Map of Europe, at the start of WW1. What does the map show us- why are the countries allied with each other? How do they pick which team to choose?Student Engagement Activity: In 1-2 paragraphs, answer the following question-Analyze who, or which country, is to blame for the start of WW1. Support your answer with evidence. (15 mins)Pass out map of Europe- to be completed for homework. Label all countries, color all the Allies one color, the Central powers a different color, and the Neutral countries a third color. Map will be used tomorrow in class during next lesson.Closing: Show final slide, quote by Britain’s foreign minister. Ask students what they think he meant by his statement. Students to consider it , to be revisited tomorrow- as opening/anticipatory set. ................
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