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Truman Bowl II Round VIII: Revenge of the Bulldogs Packet by:

This Broadway production won a Tony award for Best Score, and earned Joanna Gleason a Tony for Best Actress in a Musical, in a year dominated by Phantom of the Opera. Though it originally opened in 1986 in San Diego, this play ran on Broadway from 1987 to 1989. Featuring incarnations of many well-known fairy tale characters whose paths cross in the titular location, FTP, name this play by Stephen Sondheim.

ANSWER: Into the Woods

Some philosophers such as Leo Strauss have claimed that this is the inevitable byproduct of runaway liberalism, while conservative theologians like Alistair McGrath have claimed that it is intrinsically linked with atheism. Ivan Turgenev’s book Fathers and Sons features the character Bazarov who claims to believe in this philosophy, and the Dude encounters a gang of them in The Big Lebowski. FTP name this philosophy which claims that there is no objective morality or purpose in life, and which takes its name from the Latin for nothing.

ANSWER: Nihilism

Some of these organisms were originally thought to only live in extreme environments, but have since been found almost everywhere on Earth. These organisms are generally single-celled and can be found in the human digestive tract, on the sea floor, and in Antarctica. For 10 points, name this type of cell that is notable for lacking a nucleus.

ANSWER: Prokaryote

According to legend, this god urged the ancestors of the Aztecs to leave their ancestral homeland and told them where to build Tenochtitlan in the form of an eagle perched on a cactus eating a snake, which is now on the Mexican flag. For 10 points, name this Aztec god of war and the sun who had an appetite for human hearts.

ANSWER: Huitzilopochtli

These are formed from the movement of magma from the mantle of the Earth to just beneath the crust. Unlike volcano formation, these structures are formed from igneous intrusive processes. Uplifting of the crust causes the magma to cool and harden which result in the granite that composes these landforms. As weathering erodes surrounding rock these are exposed which forms granite mountains. For ten points, identify this geomorphic formations represented by the Black Hills and the Adirondack Mountain whose name means “deep rock.” ANSWER: batholiths

This realm’s princely rulers, chosen after 1356 by electors, controlled their own territories, but also had to share power with a body known as a diet, such as the one at Worms that condemned Martin Luther. It was brought to an end by Napoleon in 1806 with the abdication of the title of emperor by Francis II. For ten points, name this central European royal realm, traditionally considered to have begun with the crowning of Charlemagne by Pope Leo III in 800.

ANSWER: Holy Roman Empire

Perhaps unintentionally borrowing its name from a Saw tagline it opens in an unnamed location in 1902 with a man making an important discovery. Nine years later while touring the country with his son the same man meets the twin of someone whom he will meet later on, who tells him that his home is very rich in what the man needs. After moving to California and setting up shop the same man is eventually approached by someone claiming to be a familial relation, which turns out to later not be the case. Around this same time his son is left deaf after a work-related incident. For ten points name this 2007 drama, starring Daniel Day-Lewis as an oil prospector who feuds with Eli Sunday and is consumed by greed.

ANSWER: There Will Be Blood

This author’s first book, Precaution, was published anonymously in 1820. Victor Hugo referred to this man as “greater than the great master of modern romance,” but Mark Twain had a different opinion, accusing this man of committing 114 literary offences in a single page. This passage occurred in The Deerslayer, the third installment in this man’s Leatherstocking Tales. For 10 points, name this author of The Last of the Mohicans.

ANSWER: James Fenimore Cooper

This city is near the Chattahoochee River and is home to 75% of the Fortune 1000 companies. The Eastern Continental Divide runs through this city. Birthplace of Martin Luther King Jr, it was also torched at towards the end of the Civil War. For 10 points name this city, home of the 1996 summer Olympics.

ANSWER: Atlanta

Though the immediate cause of this war was the aggressors’ demands to control Orthodox Christians in Ottoman territories, it was part of a broader struggle for control over the territories of the waning Ottoman Empire. Famous battles took place at Balaklava and Sevastopol. For ten points, name this war Russia lost against an alliance of Ottomans, British, French, and Italians, most famous today for the work of Florence Nightingale and the Charge of the Light Brigade.

ANSWER: Crimean War

Created in 1987 in Japan, the series of games revolutionized modern gaming with its stealth based gameplay, intricate storyline, and extremely length storyline. For ten points name this game series that features the protagonist trying to defeat bipedal walking tanks by frequently hiding in a cardboard box.

ANSWER: Metal Gear, also accept Metal Gear Solid.

This plan was foiled when Lord Monteagle warned the government because his brother-in-law had warned him not to show up at the targeted body that day. The conspirators were led by Robert Catesby, who recruited the man most associated with the scheme. For ten points, name this plot by Roman Catholic zealots to blow up the English Parliament, which occurred on November 5, 1605 and was supposed to be executed by Guy Fawkes.

ANSWER: Gunpowder Plot

This man was born February 7, 1812 in the Mile End Terrance. His father, John, was a clerk in the navy-pay office. He was the oldest of eight children. This author wrote weekly installments in journals such as Master Humphrey's Clock and Household Words. Name this British author of such works as Bleak House, The Pickwick Papers, and Great Expectations.

ANSWER: Charles Dickens

This halogen gives a characteristic peak around 127 when compounds containing it are subject to mass spectrometry. One variety is used as the mordant in the Gram stain. It's bluish-black as a solid and blue-violet as a gas, and is known for its ability to undergo sublimation. It was discovered in 1811 and its name derives from the Greek word for violet.  Name this element with atomic number 53 and symbol I.

ANSWER: Iodine

The land received from this purchase was welcomed by Southerners who sought the construction of a railroad to link the South and the West Coast to spur economic growth. However, controversy about the extension of slavery into this territory marred the legacy of the purchase. It included lands south of the Gila River and west of the Rio Grande and was named for the American ambassador to Mexico at the time. FTP, name this 1854 land purchase, the last major territorial acquisition in the continental United States.

ANSWER: The Gadsden Purchase

This prolific French painter spent the last years of his life at his estate, Giverny. His paintings hang in museums all around the world, but some of his most notable works reside in the Musée d’Orsay and the Musée de l’Orangerie. He was the founder of an artistic movement, and is known for such paintings as Woman with a Parasol, Poppies Blooming, the Nymphéas, or Waterliles, and his haystack series.

ANSWER: Oscar Claude Monet

A crafty uncle that is jealous of his nephew's diplomacy makes a deal with the last Muslim stronghold to destroy Charlemagne's forces and help them to win the battle. Later, this nephew(the titular character) is told by Oliver to blow his olifant horn, but choosing to wait until it is too late for his men, though they fight valiantly. He blows the horn at the last moment so that Charlemagne will come to avenge them. Name this oldest surviving major work of French literature.

ANSWER: Song of Roland

This American composer was expelled from his high school band, though he would eventually earn a Master’s degree in music composition from the Juilliard School. In July 2004, the Sydney Opera House hosted the first wind symphony festival in his honor. While at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, he composed the prominent pieces, “Cloudburst” and “Water Night” for chorus and “Ghost Train” for wind band. He is also well known for his use of unusual chord progressions and compositions including “Godzilla Eats Las Vegas!”, “Sleep,” and “October.”

ANSWER: Eric Whitacre

“Attack of the Killer Tomatoes,” “Hunting Wabbits,” and “Sing, Sang, Sung” are among the most well-known of this musical group’s charts. Including members like Wayne Bergeron, Andy Martin, and Eric Marienthal, this group’s discography includes Swingin’ for the Fences, XXL, and The Phat Pack. FTP, name this contemporary jazz big band, led by eponymous pianist and tenor saxophonist, Gordon Goodwin.

ANSWER: Gordon Goodwin’s Big Phat Band

She was a Swiss born psychologist, who later moved to the United States. After seeing how dying patients were callously treated, she did a lot of work concerning patients and dying, and wrote On Death and Dying in 1969. For 10 points, name this psychologist who is perhaps best known for her concept of the five stages of grief.

ANSWER: Elisabeth Kübler-Ross

EXTRA: USE IN CASE OF TIE

Changes at this stage include a change in attitude as well as in pupil color to aqua, length and coloration of hair to gold, increase in muscle mass and girth, in addition to an increase in speed and a colossal increase in power level. Although thought legendary due to having not appeared for over 3000 years, there appearance has become increasingly common. For ten points name this transformation that Goku achieves in his fight with Frieza in Dragon Ball Z.

ANSWER: Super Saiyan

Five hundred warriors of this indigenous group, with the help of a chartered European vessel, invaded the Chatham Islands and nearly wiped out the Moriori culture, a fellow Polynesian tribe. They had their first contact with Europeans in the 1600s, and would encounter James Cook in 1769. A British Governor took control of this group’s native islands in 1840 thanks to a mistranslated agreement that surrendered their sovereignty to the crown, the Treaty of Waitangi. Name, for ten points, this people indigenous to New Zealand.

Answer: Māori or Tāngata whenua; prompt on some form of “Native New Zealander”

During the Gulf War, instances of this disease were seen in U.S. troops returning home. The most severe form of this disease causes degradation of the soft palette and other mucosal linings. This disease is characterized by lesions developing all over the body, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and other symptoms consistent with the species the patient is infected with. For ten points, what is this parasite mediated disease borne by the sand-fly that was first identified in India by a Scottish bacteriologist. ANSWER: Leishmaniasis

This West Bank city is located near the Jordan River and is the lowest permanently inhabited site on Earth. The traditional Hebrew description of it is the City of Palm Trees. It has placed host to Jewish, Christian, and Islamic religions and is the setting for the parable of the Good Samaritan. For ten points name this city famed for this walls destroyed by Joshua.

ANSWER: Jericho

Bonus

For ten points each, name these relatives of English King Henry VIII. [10] Daughter of Anne Boleyn, this daughter of Henry became of the most famous British monarchs, reigning for 45 years. ANSWER: Elizabeth I [10] The king’s oldest surviving child, this daughter of Catherine of Aragon ruled as Britain’s first queen regnant from 1553 to 1558, restoring Catholicism after the reforms of her father and half-brother Edward VI. ANSWER: Mary I (reluctantly accept Bloody Mary) [10] This father of Henry VIII was crowned king after his armies defeated those of Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field. ANSWER: Henry VII

As punishment from the goddess Hera, the Greek hero Heracles was assigned twelve tasks that he must complete.

This first task of Heracles was destroying this terrible feline whose hide was impenetrable. This forced him to stun the beast with his club and strangle it to death.

ANSWER: Nemean Lion

Herecle’s ninth task was obtaining the girdle of this Amazon Queen which was given to her as a gift from her father, Ares.

ANSWER: Hippolyta

The twelfth and final task was obtaining this guardian of the gates of Hell. Heracles dragged this three-headed canine back to the surface, releasing himself from his duty.

ANSWER: Cerberus

Given the clue, name the following Brontes ftpe:

[10]This sister wrote such works as Agnes Grey and The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, her works were often overshadowed.

ANSWER: Anne

[10]This middle sister had but one book, Wuthering Heights.

ANSWER: Emily

[10]This sister wrote under the pseudonym Currer Bell and wrote such works as Shirley, The Professor, and most famously Jane Eyre.

ANSWER: Charlotte

In accordance with the Equal Time Rule for microbiology bonuses, answer some questions that aren’t about bacteria for ten points each. [10]This protein coat encapsulates the genome of viruses and may come in varieties ranging from rod-shaped, to polyhedral, to other complex forms. Answer: Capsid [10] These viruses consist of a head that houses the DNA, a tail sheath, and a tail fiber that assist in binding and injecting DNA into host cells. T4 is a well known example of these organisms. Answer: Bacteriophage (Accept phage) [10] These viruses use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to synthesize DNA from RNA, a process that is backwards from the normal synthesis of RNA to DNA. Answer: Retroviruses

Identify a work of American literature for 10 points each

[10]This novel, published in 1850, tells the story of a young woman who is being punished for a crime that it takes two to commit. Her daughter's name is Pearl.

ANSWER: The Scarlet Letter

[10]Name the young woman.

ANSWER: Hester Prynne

[10] This man wrote The Scarlet Letter.

ANSWER: Nathaniel Hawthorne

Answer these questions about the tag team of Trey Parker and Matt Stone.

[10]This film features songs such as Everyone Has AIDS, and is the fourth Trey Parker feature film. For ten points name this movie that features the first ever puppet sex scene as well parodying Kim Jong-Il and the terrorist theme Derka Derk.

ANSWER: Team America World Police

[10]This film is actually Parker’s third film but his most well known. Featuring the Academy Award nominated song Blame Canada is what 1999 film about Kyle, Eric, Kenny and Cartman.

ANSWER: South park bigger longer uncut

[10]Living in the Cave of Winds, this creature is said to attack humans for no reason at all. Former Vice President Al Gore tries to get the gang of South Park to kill for ten points what creature featured in the Imaginationland episodes.

ANSWER: Manbearpig

Answer the following about characters from a play by William Shakespeare.

[10] This play centers around a Spanish prince that has returned from a successful battle. ANSWER: Much Ado About Nothing

[10] This man is the prince of Aragon.

ANSWER: Don Pedro

[10] Name one of Don Pedro's deputies.

ANSWER: Claudio or Benedick

Don’t get burned on this bonus about different types of lava! For ten points: [10]The name of this kind of lava that flows out of shield volcanoes forming lava plateaus. It’s name means “smooth, free flowing” in Hawaiian. ANSWER: pahoehoe lava [10]The name of this type of lava come from the Greek for “broken fire bits.” It can be made up of a combination of volcanic cinder, ash, hot rocks, and bombs among the lava. ANSWER: pyroclastic lava [10]This type of lava is more viscous than pahoehoe lava, but flows better than pyroclastic lava. As it cools it breaks to form angular rocks. It’s also good to know during the endgame of Scrabble if you’re heavy on vowels.

ANSWER: aa lava

Northern Africa has hosted its fair share of Islamic states. Name some of them for ten points each.

[10]This Shi’a Caliphate that at one time controlled almost all of North Africa was centered in Cairo and collapsed in 1170. It took its name from one of the daughters of the Prophet Muhammad, who was thought to be the ancestor of its rulers.

Answer: the Fatamid(s) Caliphate

[10]The Alaouite dynasty has ruled this North African kingdom since 1666. It would later become a French protectorate and today asserts control over the disputed territory of Western Sahara.

Answer: Morocco (or al-Maghrib)

[10]Muammar al-Gaddafi now rules this North African state with capital at Tripoli through an ideology he calls “Islamic Socialism”

Answer: Libya, or more officially, Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

FTP each, answer some questions about brass instruments commonly used in school bands.

[10] Deriving its name from the Greek for “pleasant-sounding,” this is a tenor-voiced instrument with a conical bore. Because the two are so similar in range and playing technique, this instrument is often confused with the baritone horn.

ANSWER: euphonium

[10] These instruments, usually pitched in C or B-flat, was often referred to as “brass bass” when played in jazz, and it should not be confused with marching relative, the sousaphone. Though its name is Latin for “trumpet” or “horn,” this instrument is pitched much lower than either, providing the bass voice in orchestras, wind bands, and brass ensembles.

ANSWER: tuba

[10] Its name comes from the German for “flank” and “horn,” hearkening back to its use on the battlefield to summon the flanks of an army. Related to the trumpet, this instrument has a wider, conical bore, and utilizes a deeper, more conical mouthpiece.

ANSWER: fluegelhorn [FLOO-gull-horn]

According to the structural model of the psyche, it is made of three main parts. The first of these is the super-ego. FTP each:

[10] Name this second part of the psyche, where the uncoordinated, instinctual trends are located, which is, by definition, unconscious.

ANSWER: id

[10] This third part of the structural model of the psyche is this organized, realistic part. It strives to find a balance between the id and reality.

ANSWER: ego

[10] This is the Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst who created and defined this three-part structural model of the psyche.

ANSWER: Sigmund Freud

Music is often a powerful influence on culture, and a great example of this was the effect of jazz in the 1920s, ‘30s, and ‘40s. For 10 point each identify some influential jazz musicians.

[10] Famous for tunes like “Chattanooga Choo-Choo,” “Pennsylvania 6-5000,” and “In the Mood,” as a bandleader, this composer and trombonist joined the war effort in 1942. He joined the Army Air Force where he played trombone for the Rhythmaires, a dance band, before forming the Army Air Force Band. His plane disappeared on December 15, 1944, over the English channel, on his way from the UK to Paris, to entertain the troops stationed there.

ANSWER: Glenn Miller

[10] Born William James, this influential pianist, composer, and bandleader is famous for songs like “One O’Clock Jump” and “April in Paris.” He and his orchestra also made a cameo appearance as themselves in the 1974 film, Blazing Saddles.

ANSWER: Count Basie

[10] Though famous for pieces like “Sing, Sing, Sing,” “That Old Black Magic,” and “I Wanna Be Like You,” this singer and trumpeter also voiced the role of King Louie in the Disney animated film, The Jungle Book. His compositions often utilized a distinctive, shuffling beat, which he referred to as “Gleeby Rhythm,” he led a New Orleans-style jazz band in the 1920s.

ANSWER: Louis Prima

Answer some questions about the physics of sound, FTP each:

[10]The use of this term may have been influenced by “mark,” a synonym for “fathom.” In the Earth’s atmosphere, it is equal to approximately 340.3 meters per second, at 15 degrees Celsius.

ANSWER: Mach number [or Mach’s number; not “Machs”]

[10]This is the scientific study of the propagation, absorption, and reflection of sound waves. Its name is derived from the Greek for “of or for hearing.”

ANSWER: acoustics

[10]While “acoustic” refers to the entire range of sound without limit and “audio” refers to the frequency range audible to humans, this term describes those frequencies lower than audio.

ANSWER: infrasonic

Name these architectural terms for ten points each.

This is vertical, weight-carrying structure, circular in cross section and consisting of a base, shaft, and a capital. You can find them at the fronts of many prominent buildings including the White House and the Parthenon.

ANSWER: Column

A curved or pointed structure consisting of wedge-shaped blocks that span an open space and support the weight of material above by transmitting the load outward and downward over two vertical supports.

ANSWER: Arch

In architecture, this is a support member which is vertical like a column, but whose profile is rectilinear rather than cylindrical. They are usually used to support arches.

ANSWER: Pier

The Manhattan Project produced the atomic bomb, but who produced the Manhattan Project? Name these men involved in the Project, For 10 points each:

[10] He was the primary military leader in charge of the Manhattan Project and strongly advocated the Japanese city of Kyoto as a lead target because of its cultural importance.

ANSWER: General Leslie Groves

[10] J. Robert Oppenheimer worked with this American physicist on the problems of neutron diffusion. He also gave a series of famous lectures on the basic principles of the project to those working at Los Alamos that became known as the Los Alamos Primer.

ANSWER: Robert Serber

[10] This American engineer was the Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development. He urged President Roosevelt to assign most of the operations of the development of the weapons to the military. He was also known for his idea of the memex, an adjustable microfilm-viewer.

ANSWER: Vannevar Bush

Let’s talk about sex. No wait, let’s talk about embryonic development. For ten points each: [10]This is the hollow ball of cells that marks the end of cleavage in embryonic development. ANSWER: Blastula [10]This structure of embryonic development forms during gastrulation, and eventually forms the digestive tracts of animals. ANSWER: Archenteron [10]This thin pair of membranes houses the developing embryo until shortly before birth when it breaks and begins the process of delivery. ANSWER: Amniotic Sac

For ten points each, answer these questions about the unification of Italy in the mid-nineteenth century.

[10] After participating in revolutionary movements in Brazil and Uruguay, this Italian national hero returned to Italy to lead the Expedition of the Thousand to defeat the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1860.

ANSWER: Giuseppe Garibaldi

[10] These volunteers led by Garibaldi through southern Italy during the unification movement are most remembered today for their color of their attire.

ANSWER: redshirts

[10] This early-nineteenth-century group paved the way for unification by assisting in uprisings in 1820 and 1831. Their name is Italian for “charcoal burners.”

ANSWER: Carbonari

After reinventing himself, St. Paul became a prolific writer. Your bonus name these writings of Paul.

[10]The site of Paul’s first European visit, a Macedonian city, was one of the earliest churches in Europe. Paul sent a letter to this church that would become the eleventh book of the New Testament. For ten points name this book of the Bible, named after the European city founded by King Phillip II.

ANSWER: Philippians

[10]The second most theologically important of Paul’s writings, this work was concerned with the controversy surrounding Gentile Christians and Mosaic law, and noted for Paul’s anger. For ten points name this ninth book of the New Testament, a letter written by Paul to the church of Galatia.

ANSWER: Galatians

[10]Considered to be Paul’s most important theological work, it is the longest of his writings. It deals with the assurance of salvation and transformation of believers. For ten points name this sixth book of the New Testament, named for the home of the Catholic Church and great Italian empire.

ANSWER: Romans

For your bonus pick up a hammer because it’s time to whack a mole.

[10]Originally indicated by Johann Josef Loschmidt and named after the early 19th century Italian scientist who proposed it, this measurement. It is expressed as either L or Na, for ten points name this measurement the number of elementary entities in one mole written as Na=6.022 141 79(30) × 1023.

ANSWER: Avogadro’s constant also except Avogadro’s number

[10]Although not widely used in thermodynamics due to the volume being dependant on temperature. This is a standard measurement in chemistry measuring the concentration of a solute in a solution in a given volume. For ten points name this chemical measurement, measured in moles per liter.

ANSWER: Molarity also except molar concentration, amount concentration or substance concentration

[10]This measurement is symbolized X and is a physical property characteristic of each pure substance. Almost never measured directly but from standard atomic weights is for ten points this measurement of the mass of one mole of substance measured in grams per mole.

ANSWER: Molar Mass

It looks to integrate the motivations underlying human behavior by the practice of an accumulative phenomenology around the significance of dreams and folklore. For ten points each:

[10] Name this school of psychology, the basic assumption of which is that the personal unconscious is an active part of the psyche.

ANSWER: Analytical Psychology [accept Jungian psychology]

[10] This man was the founder of analytical psychology and a contemporary of and one-time collaborator with Freud.

ANSWER: Carl Jung

[10] Even though many believed Jung to be a sympathizer of this totalitarian ideology associated with Germany, he was in reality against it.

ANSWER: Nazism

EXTRA: USE IN CASE OF TIE

For 10 points, name these rivers in Europe:

[10] This river starts up near the Swiss Alps and goes through the French countryside down through the center of Paris before it empties out into the English Channel

The Seine River

[10] This river flows through cities like Reading, Windsor, and Oxford before it flows through London and empties into the North Sea.

River Thames

[10] This is the longest river in the European Union which flows for 1771 miles before it empties into the Black Sea going though 4 capital cities.

The Danube

For ten points each, name these prominent female politicians from recent decades.

[10] This Conservative was the longest serving British prime minister in the twentieth century, and the first and only woman to hold the post.

ANSWER: Margaret Thatcher

[10] Sometimes compared to Thatcher , this Christian Democrat took office as Germany’s chancellor in 2005 and saw her government re-elected in September 2009.

ANSWER: Angela Merkel

[10] This Czech-born diplomat served as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations before gaining fame as the first woman to serve as U.S. secretary of state, appointed by President Bill Clinton in 1997.

ANSWER: Madeleine Albright

Your bonus answer these questions about Freudian defense mechanisms, laying down on a couch won’t help much.

[10]A level one, pathological mechanism, this is the defense mechanism, characterized by refusing to perceive or acknowledge an external reality. For ten points name this defense mechanism in which a person rejects an unpleasant fact rather than accepting it.

ANSWER: Denial

[10]A level two, immature mechanism, this defense mechanism is characterized by procrastination, stubbornness, learned helplessness, sullenness, and repeated failure of requested task as a means to express anger. For ten points name this defense mechanism in which aggression is indirectly expressed.

ANSWER: Passive Aggressive

[10]A level three, neurotic mechanism, this defense mechanism is characterized by fears that minor issues are indicators of major health issues. A cyber variety has been increasing common thanks to sites like WebMD. For ten points name this defense mechanism in which there is an excessive fear about having a serious illness.

ANSWER: Hypochondrias

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