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THE OTHER FEDERAL CENSUS RECORDS - Laurie Werner Castillo ©14 July 2012

Electronic searching is awesome but many of these census records are only available on film or in print.

I. 1885 Census

A. Interdecennial Census - Law passed in 1879 creating an option for states to take an “interdecennial” census, and receive partial funding from the Federal Government.

1. The schedules taken we numbered 1, 2, 3 and 5. [No number 4]

• Schedule No. 1: Inhabitants –population schedule + type of sickness or disability

• Schedule No. 2: Agriculture – production, livestock counts

• Schedule No. 3: Products of Industry – name of business, output+

• Schedule No. 5: Mortality – those who died in year ending 31 May 1885

2. Schedules were returned to the Federal Government by the states CO, FL, NE, plus DA Ter.+ NM Ter.

B. Availability

1. FS – Wiki > US> Census> Select State > Online Census Index and Images Availability Chart

• Index: see Book and Film Images: CO - Browse

• Index and Images: FL [Film: see FS Catalog Nebraska 56 films] Book, periodical – ND info.

2. Ancestry – Search> Click on State> Census Category, or Search> Card Catalog >

Record Type = Census, Database Title = 1885

• Index: NE

• Index and Images: CO, FL, SD Territorial, NM

3. Other

• NDSU Dakota Territory 1885 Census Index

• NARA

II. Mortality Schedules 1850-1880, 1885

A. List of all those persons who died during the 12 months prior to 1 June.

1. 1850, 60, 70 or 80. Some states have an 1885.

2. Information regarding the deceased:

• 1850-1880: name, sex, age, color (choices were white, black or mulatto, whether widowed, place of birth [state, territory or country as applicable], month of death, occupation, cause of death, and number of days ill.

• 1870: Add place of birth of parents.

• 1880: Add place disease contracted, and how long person resided in last residence.

B. Availability

1. FS

• Index and Images: 1850

• Wiki> US> Specific State> Census> Non-Population Schedule Indexes: Fiche, Film or Book [ex: Maryland]

• Use FS Catalog to locate film or book. Ex: Neb 1860-1880 index books, ND 1885 index;

2. **FREE Index** The most comprehensive online collection – but not complete.

• Index and Images: 1850-1885 [several states did an 1885], for details see link

• See mega chart below search window for current contents of database. Still growing!

3. Other

• Mortality **FREE*

• Check: State Archives, State Libraries, State Historical Societies, for holdings.

• BYU has many of these in book form. Use BYU FHL website to check film holdings.

III. Veterans Schedules – 1840, 1890

A. 1840 – Military Pensioners [Includes veterans from the Revolutionary War or other military service].

1. Information is located on the back of the 1840 Census pages. Lists Name and age of pensioner.

2. Availability Online:

FS: none

Ancestry:

• Revolutionary War Pensioner Census, 1841 [Compiled from 1840 Census, pub. 1841].



GoogleBooks: **Free as an EBook**

• A Census of Pensioners for Revolutionary Or Military Services, GSU,

U.S. Census Bureau **Free – can search, print, and/or download**

• A Census of Pensioners for Revolutionary Or Military Services

3. Availability – Printed format

FHL: US/CAN Book A Census of Pensioners for Revolutionary Or Military Services 973 X2pc 1967 For Index see FHL 973 X2pc Index 1984;

BYU: FHL Microfiche #6046771; Book - H/R Ref E 255 .U42 1841, stacks also;

B. 1890 Union Veterans and Widows of Veterans [Note -occasionally confederate soldiers are listed!]

1. Listed in separate schedule book, but information collected at same time as the 1890 Census.

2. Lost half of the Veteran’s schedules before transfer to NARA. What survives? District of Columbia, KY(1/2), LA, ME, MD,MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY;

3. Contents: Name of Union Soldier and his widow if applicable; his rank , company or vessel; dates of enlistment and discharge, as well as length of service in days, months and years; post office address; description of disability or injury; remarks;

4. Availability Online: Ancestry 881,002 records

Ancestry: 1890 Veteran’s Schedule

FS: 1890 Census of Union Veterans and Widows of the Civil War. 90,497 images – browse only;

5. Other: FS> U.S.> Census> Veterans Schedules -- See list of other locations with listings in the Veteran’s schedules;

IV. 1880 Schedules of Defective, Dependent and Delinquent Classes

A. Supplemental Schedule to 1880

1. Additional forms supplied to collect information regarding: Insane, Idiots, Deaf-mutes, Blind, Paupers and Indigent Persons, Homeless Children, Prisoners.

2. Schedules are held by States

B. Contents:

1. Insane, Idiots, Deaf-mutes, and Blind persons – cause and nature of condition, length of time afflicted, whether institutionalized – when and where.

2. Paupers, Indigent -- cause, if institutionalized – when and where.

3. Homeless children: age, legitimacy, whether parents have relinquished control.

C. Availability: Must be gathered state by state for electronic or other publication.

FS: None

Ancestry: U.S. Federal Census -1880 Schedules of Defective, Dependent and Delinquent Classes*



*NOTE: So far incl. data from – AL, CA, GA, IL, IA, KS, ME, MA, MI, NE, NJ, NY, PA, SC, TX, VA, WA

V. Slave Schedules 1850, 1860 -- What you need to know:

A. 1850 – Slaves = 16% of total population

1. Includes: AL, AR, D.C., DE, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, MO, NJ, NC, SC, TN, TX, UT Ter. ,VA:

2. Contents: Name of owner; Age, gender and color of slave, location of residence; Given names – rare

3. STATs: Number of 1850 Slave records 3,193,212; Population Schedule Records 20,053,649

4. Availability Online – 1850

FS: 1850 - United States Census (Slave Schedule) 1850; [FS images 3,324,742]

Wiki> U.S.> Census> Slave Schedules; Browse Collection> U.S. > Census

Ancestry: 1850 U.S. Federal Census – Slave Schedules; Select US Census Collection>1850 Slave Schds.

B. 1860 -- Slaves = 14% of total population

1. Includes: AL, AR, D.C., DE, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, MO, NJ, NC, SC, TN, TX, UT Ter., VA:

2. Contents: Name of owner; Age, gender and color of slave, location of residence; Given names – rare

3. STATs: Number of 1860 Slave records 3,859,287; 1860 Population Schedule Records 27, 483, 658

4. Availability online:

FS: None

Ancestry: 1860 U.S. Fed. Census – Slave Schedules; Select US Census Collection>1860 Slave Scheds.

Note: 1850-60 Slave Schedules for Southern States only – D.C., NJ, and UT also turned in schedules!

C. Other sources: Afrigeneas Free – arranged by state.

VI. Agriculture Schedules 1840-1910: Includes Farms, Plantations and Market Gardens

A. What you need to know—

1. What exists? 1840-1880. 1890 destroyed by fire, 1900 & 1910 by Congressional Order. Argh! Much more exists than is readily available online or at the FHL.

2. Contents: names of owners, agents and mangers; total acreage of land: value of farm, machinery and livestock [usually a count of machinery and livestock]; amount of staples produced, value of animals slaughtered, etc. ; farm operator classification – owner, tenant, or sharecropper.

3. Availability Online:

FS: Info only. Wiki> US> Census> US Census Agricultural Schedules [FHL has little. Use catalog.]

*Ancestry: Selected U.S. Federal Census Non-Population Schedules, 1850-1880; Database includes info from the following states: AL, CA, GA, IL, IA, KS, ME, MA, MI, NE, NY, NC, SC, TX, VA, WA Terr.;

B. Locating Additional Schedules: National Archives [NARA] Nonpopulation Census Records

NOTE: Lists NARA holdings state by state. There may also be a link to state repository with more holdings.

The Source: A Guidebook to American Genealogy; Szucs, Loretto Dennis; Ancestry Publishing, 2006; See Census Chapter, Table 5.5 Summary of Special Census Schedules, 1850-1890, pages 202-203.

* Both of these resources include Agricultural, Manufacturing & Social Statistics Schedules

VII. Manufacturers Schedules a.k.a. Industry Schedules 1840-1880

A. What you need to know--- 1. What exists? 1840 – Statistical only; 1850-1870 -- Industry Schedules; 1880 and later Manufacturer’s Schedules – destroyed. 2. Target 1850-1870: Businesses with gross product of $500+/year including manufacturing, mining, fisheries, and “mercantile, commercial and trading businesses.” 3. Contents: Number of employees, raw material used, production, equipment, etc. 4. Availability Online: See above

B. Locating additional Schedules: See above.

VIII. Social Statistics Schedules 1850, 1860, 1870 & 1885

A. Created to gather stats on the impact of community institutions and local government. 1. Schools, libraries, newspapers, churches; 2. Public debt, wages, paupers, crime

B. Source – Official records, printed reports, archives of schools, courts and asylums.

C. Availability Online FS – None; Ancestry – Very small number of schedules in the Nonpopulation Census Schedules.

D. Other ways to locate: NARA – Search state by state for listing of available filmed records. Google Other likely places: State Archives, Libraries and Historical Societies; State Universities & Colleges;

IX. American Indians in the Federal Census -- 1900, 1910, 1920 and 1930

A. 1900 – 1910 Most complete and valuable 1. Additional schedule pages were filled out if person was Native American. 2. Contents: Indian name, if any, tribe, tribe of mother and father, degree of blood, whether polygamist, from what school graduated, whether taxed [This will let you know if received land allotment or not], fixed or moveable dwelling. 2. Availability – Search 1900 and 1910 Census and specify race as Indian. There will be extra information on the bottom of any page recording Indians.

B. 1920 -- 1930 No special schedules. 1. 1920: People listed as Indian in Race column. Reservations listed with Institutions on last roll of film for each state.

2. 1930: Enumerators were expected to record the degree of Indian blood and names of their tribe(s). No special schedule so enumerators were to use the spot for birthplace of Father and Mother to note this information.

NOTE: Ancestry Collection “U.S., Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940” is not decennial census. Agency Recs. - BIA

X: Other Sources Information To Help You Locate Non-Population Schedules

Online: 1. – See Curt Witcher census article - 2. Census Finder census records 3. US GenWeb Census Project -

Print: 1. Your Guide to Federal Census, for genealogists, researchers and family historians; Hinckley, Kathleen W.; Betterway Books, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2002; BYU HA37 .U6 H556 2002 Soc Science Ref., Level 1; 2. The Source : A Guidebook to American Genealogy; Szucs, Loretto Dennis; Ancestry Pub. 2006; 3. Finding Answers in U.S. Census Records; Szucs, Loretto and Matthew Wright; Ancestry Publishing, 2001;

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