Name:



Name:

Date:

Period:

Checking Vital Signs

Materials:

Stethoscope

Alcohol wipes

Sphygmomanometer

Procedure:

Part 1. Heart Sounds

1. Clean ear pieces of stethoscope w/alcohol wipes and let air dry

2. Put the earpieces in place and tap bell gently to check that you can hear sounds

3. You may auscultate heart sounds on yourself or on a partner while in sitting position

4. To hear the first sound as AV valves close (lub), auscultate the mitral valve. Place the bell at the apex of the heart (5th intercostals space, just left of the sternum)… if difficult to hear, have subject bend forward and try again

5. To auscultate the aortic valve, place the bell in the 2nd intercostals space to the right of the sternum. You should clearly hear the second heart sound as semi-lunar valves close (dup)

6. At rest, which is louder the first or second heart sound? _____________________

Part 2. Heart rate and pulse before and after exercise

1. Locate the radial and cardiac pulses. Pulse is the alternating surges of pressure in an artery. Decide which pulse will be used for the experiment. (Average 70-75 bpm)

▪ Radial pulse: groove in wrist between the radius and ligament medial to radius. Press down with your index and middle fingers. (do not use the thumb… it has its own pulse)

▪ Carotid pulse: locate the Adam’s apple and use your index and middle fingers to palpate the carotid artery on wither side of the larynx.

2. Listen for the subjects heartbeat (subject should not have heart problems and should be in good health). Listen with stethoscope and count the number of heartbeats in 15 seconds and record. Next, count the number of pulses in 15 seconds and record.

3. Have the subject run in place for 2 minutes. Immediately count the number of heartbeats and pulses in 15 seconds and record.

|Activity |Beats in 15 seconds |(x4) Beats per min |

|Heart rate at rest | | |

|Heart rate after exercise | | |

|Pulse arte at rest | | |

|Pulse rate after exercise | | |

4. Repeat the pulse count every minute until the pulse rate returns to the initial resting rate. Record the time for recovery: ___________________

Part 3. Resting Blood Pressure

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1. Alternate who will be the subject and who will be measure blood pressure. Subject should sit and rest for 5 minutes before blood pressure is measured.

2. Wipe earpieces of stethoscope w/alcohol wipes and completely deflate blood pressure cuff.

3. Place the cuff around the arm of the subject. The inflatable portion of the cuff should cover the anterior surface of the arm about 1 inch above the elbow.

4. Close the valve on the rubber bulb.

5. Insert earpieces of stethoscope and place bell over brachial artery inferior to the cuff, and listen for the brachial pulse.

6. Inflate the cuff 160-180 mmHg. **DO NOT INFLATE FOR LONGER THAN 1 MINUTE

7. Immediately use the valve on the hand pump to slowly release air to deflate the cuff, and listen for the first sound, called sounds of Karotkoff indicate resumption of blood flow

8. The first sound, the systolic pressure, is the return of blood flow through the partially occluded brachial artery (ventricles contract). Watch the pressure gauge and continue to listen; the sound will increase, then muffle, and stop. The diastolic pressure is the pressure when the last faint sound is heard (ventricles relax). (Average 120mm Hg/80 mmHg)

9. Record blood pressure measurements.

10. Deflate cuff and have subject rest for 2 minutes before repeating, and record.

Resting Blood Pressures

| |Systolic Pressure |Diastolic Pressure |

|Subject 1 – 1st trial | | |

|Subject 1 – 2nd trial | | |

|Subject 1 - average | | |

|Subject 2 – 1st trail | | |

|Subject 2 – 2nd trial | | |

|Subject 2 - average | | |

Part 4: Effect of Body position on Blood pressure

1. Have subject lay on mat (supine position) for 2 minutes. Measure blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) and record.

2. Have subject stand and immediately measure BP and HR and record.

3. Take BP and HR again after the subject has been standing for 2 minutes and record

Body Position and BP

|Subject |Systolic/Diastolic BP (mmHg) |HR |

|Supine | | |

|Immediately after standing | | |

|After standing 2 minutes | | |

Part 5: Effect of Exercise on blood pressure

1. Have the subject stand at rest for 2-3 minutes.

2. Measure systolic and diastolic BP and record the results

3. Measure the number of heartbeats in 15 sec and multiply by 4 to get HR and record

4. Have the subject run in place for 5 minutes.

5. Immediately measure systolic and diastolic blood pressure and record results.

6. Immediately count number of heartbeats in 15 sec and multiply by 4 to get HR and record

Exercise and BP

| |Systolic BP (mmHg) |Diastolic BP (mmHg) |HR |

|Subject at rest | | | |

|Subject post exercise | | | |

|Class avg at rest | | | |

|Class avg post exercise | | | |

Discussion Questions:

1. Discuss why heart rate and pulse rate change with exercise.

2. Compare Systolic and Diastolic BP.

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