План работы на начальной установочной сессии 2010 – …
ПЛАН РАБОТЫ
по английскому языку
для студентов ОЗО географического факультета
специальности "Туризм и гостеприимство"
1 семестр 6 часов
|Кол-во |Лексико-тематическое содержание |Грамматический материал |
|часов | | |
|2 |Introduction. Getting acquainted. People and character. |Word order. Types of questions. The Noun. The category of case and |
| | |number. |
|2 |I am a student now. |Adjectives. Degrees of comparison. The use of articles. |
| |Our University. | |
|2 |The country I live in. The image of Belarus. | Prepositions. Conjunctions. |
Литература:
I. Калилец, Л.М. Colours of my Native Country / Л.М. Калилец.– Брест, 2003.
II. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть І. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
III. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть ІІ. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
|Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part I) / В.Н. Христорождественская. – Минск,1998. |
|Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part II) / В.Н. Христорождественская – Минск,1998. |
IV. Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use / Raymond Murphy. – Cambridge University Press, 1997.
ЗАДАНИЕ НА ЛЕТНЮЮ СЕССИЮ
(2 Семестр)
Устные темы: “Our University”
“Image of Belarus”
“Political and Social Portrait of Great Britain”
Самостоятельное чтение:
“THE EXPERIENCE OF A LIFETIME”
“CULTURE SHOCK”
Прочитайте тексты, письменно переведите выделенные отрывки, переведите слова и выражения на английский язык, ответьте на вопросы.
Составьте аннотацию текста “Heritage tourism”
Контрольная работа
Oral Topics
The Image of Belarus
The Republic of Belarus lies in the centre of Europe. It occupies an area of 208 thousand square kilometers. Belarus shares its border with five states: the Russian federation, Lithuania, Poland, the Ukraine, and Latvia. The population of Belarus is about 10 mln,
Belarus has a cool continental climate moderated by maritime influences from the Atlantic Ocean.
The first written documents of the Belarusian statehood go as far back as 980 AD when Prince Rogvold began his reign on Polotsk lands, which are the historic and religious center of Belarusian nation and culture. From the 13-th till the 16-th century the territory of contemporary Belarus was the center of a medieval polyethnic state - the Grand Duchy of Litva. The lands of contemporary Belarus, Lithuania, the Ukraine and a part of Russia comprised this state. In 1569 the Grand Duchy of Litva and the Polish Kingdom established a political union according to which the Litva - Poland confederation - Rzecz Pospolita -emerged. As a result of three divisions of Rzecz Pospolita in 1772, 1793 and 1795 between three empires - Russia, Austria and Prussia - the Belarusian lands were incorporated into the Russian Empire.
On March 9, 1918 Belarus was declared a democratic Peoples' Republic. On January 1, 1919 the Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic was created. On December 30, 1922 the Communist governments of Belarus, Russia, the Ukraine and Caucasus created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In August 1991 Belarus declared its independence.
Now Belarus is a presidential republic. State power in the Republic of Belarus is formed and realized through three main branches - legislative, executive and judicial.
According to the Constitution of 1994 and its modifications of 1996, a two-chamber parliament is the supreme standing and exclusive legislative body of state power in the Republic of Belarus. The President of the Republic of Belarus is the chief of the state. The executive branch is represented by the Council of ministers headed by the prime minister, Courts perform the judicial power in the republic,
The present National Emblem and Flag of the Republic of Belarus symbolize historical adherence of the Belarusian people to constructive labor, their faith in the triumph of justice and attainment of a worthy place in the world community.
The sources of Belarusian culture come from the pre-Christian times and have a lot of common with traditions of the other Indo-European cultures, Traditional rites, music and art elements are widely used in contemporary cultural life, thus illustrating symbols of the old and young Belarusian culture.
Belarus is rather a highly developed industrial country. The main branches of Belarusian industry are machine building, instrument making, chemical, wood processing, light and food industries. Over 100 large enterprises are the basis of Belarusian economy.
Minsk, the capital of Belarus, is one of the most beautiful and significant cities. It is first mentioned in chronicles as a fortress in the Principality of Polotsk in connection with the battle on the river Nemiga in 1067.
People of Belarus are proud of their country. The proverb says, "what you give returns to the giver. Love for love, trust for trust". Belarus entrusted itself to the people and they in their turn enjoy its beauty and glory.
Oral Topics
OUR UNIVERSITY
Brest State University was founded in 1945. It was called the Teachers’ Training Institute then. In 1995 it became a university. Its full name is Brest State University named after Alexander Pushkin.
The University occupies several academic buildings: an old building at the crossing of Savetskaya and Mickevich Streets, the Sports Complex with gymnasiums, a swimming pool, several lecture halls and tutorial rooms, and a seven-storeyed building in Kasmanautau Boulevard with a canteen, a library, reading halls, laboratories, lecture halls and subject rooms. At the disposal of students there are four hostels, a winter garden, a garden of successive blossoming, and an agricultural and biological station. The University has three museums: of biology, of geology, and of physical culture and sport.
The University educates about … students at the day-time department and about … students acquire higher education at the correspondence department. There are 12 faculties at the University: Language and Literature, Foreign Languages, Psychology and Pedagogics, Social Pedagogics, Geography, Biology, Mathematics, Physics, Physical Education and Sports, History, Law, and Pre-University Preparation. Students are educated in … specialities.
Teaching is maintained at a high level. About 500 professors, associate professors and tutors teach students at the University.
The course of study lasts four-five years. Each year consists of two terms (autumn and spring) with examination periods at the end of each term. The term is divided between theoretical and practical work: students have a few weeks of lectures followed by seminars. When students have seminars they spend a lot of time in the reading room revising the material, fortunately the Internet helps now a lot.
Students do not only study, they are also engaged in various forms of research work. They write course papers and diploma theses, participate in scientific conferences and publish their articles. This work helps them to better understand the subjects they study and the current requirements of the national economy, to see the results of their work put into practice.
Oral Topics
POLITICAL AND SOCIAL PORTRAIT OF GREAT BRITAIN
Great Britain has a parliamentary government based on the party system. Parliament has two parts: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Members of the House of Commons are elected by the voters of 650 constituencies. The Prime Minister, or leader of the Government, is a Member of Parliament ( MP ), usually the leader of the political party with a majority in the House of Commons. The chief officer of the House of Commons is the Speaker. The House at the beginning of each Parliament elects him. His chief function is to preside over the House in its debate. When elected the Speaker must not belong to any party.
The House of Lords is composed of about 1,200 members. They are the Lords Spiritual, and the Lords temporal, consisting of all hereditary peers, all life peers and 21 law lords, to assist the House in its judicial duties, because for a long time the House of Lords was the highest court of law in the land, and it still is the supreme court of appeal.
A Cabinet of about twenty other ministers advises the Prime Minister. The Cabinet includes the ministers in charge of major government departments or ministries. Civil servants, who are permanent officials, run departments and ministries. Even if the Government changes after an election, the same civil servants are employed. In the performance of its functions the Cabinet makes considerable use of a system of committees. The Cabinet is the centre of the political power of the United Kingdom at the present time. Normally it meets for about two hours once or twice a week during parliamentary sitting.
The main political parties in the UK are the Conservative party ( right wing ), the Labour party ( left wing ) and the Liberal Democrats ( centre).
The Conservative party believes in free enterprise and the importance of a capitalist economy, with private ownership preferred to state control. The Labour party believes that private ownership and enterprise should be allowed to flourish, but not at the expense of their traditional support of the public services. The Liberal Democrats believe that the state should have some control over the economy, but that there should be individual ownership.
Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy, and the Crown is a permanent and continuous institution. The Queen is the official Head of State and, for many people, a symbol of the unity of the nation. According to the Constitution the powers of the Crown are very great. Every action of the government is carried in its name. But the Queen cannot act independently. She reigns but does not rule. Although the Queen is deprived of actual power, she has retained many important, though formal functions.
Home Reading
THE EXPERIENCE OF A LIFETIME
Are you looking for a holiday that has that perfect mix of adventure and luxury? If so then an African safari resort is the one you have been searching for.
There are so many different choices you can stay at a resort, which offers fantastic safari trips giving you the opportunity to see lots of different regions and villages whilst taking in the sights of some of the most magnificent animals in the world. Then on your return enjoy the facilities of the resort such as: saunas, Jacuzzis, everything you need to wind down and really pamper yourself will be available to you.
Most people think of going on safari when visiting Africa but there is so much more to this beautifully wild and exciting country. There are some fantastic beach resorts as well that boast miles and miles of stunning white sandy beaches, sheer heaven for all you sun worshippers. Africa truly has it all so whatever you are hoping to get from your holiday you will not be disappointed if you stay in one of the African resorts.
In the southern parts of Africa you will find some amazing safari resorts with luxury abounding and no shortage of adventure. In the Kruger National Park, here it is believed you will come across some of the largest animals to be found in Africa such as the elephant, rhino, buffalo, and lion to name just a few. There are two outstanding lodges in this area known as “Boulders Lodge” and “Ebony Lodge” the amenities and luxurious quality of these lodges is second to none. With private plunge pools, baths, game viewing decks, each lodge has nine suites and every one of them are rated first class, and the staff are of the same high standard and will provide you with all you could possibly want from fine foods to vintage wine.
The difference between an African safari resort and a mobile safari of course is the luxury and convenience of everything and knowing you can be part of this wonderful experience without the stress or worry of for example “tent camping”. No matter whether you have a physical disability or perhaps think you are too old to do something like this then by going to an African safari resort you can be sure they will cater for everything. The whole family can enjoy this holiday with you as there will be no worries regarding safety or comfort, the vehicles at these lodges are fully air conditioned so while on your safari you will be completely comfortable and be able to totally enjoy the fantastic sights you will see. Many of these resorts will have a swimming pool if you and the kids fancy a dip or perhaps a round of golf is more your cup of tea, whatever your pleasure an African safari resort will deliver so go for the experience of a lifetime you won't regret it!
1. Answer the questions:
a. What choices does an African safari resort offer?
b. What resorts can you see in the southern parts of Africa?
c. What is special about the Kruger National Park?
d. What is the difference between an African safari resort and a mobile safari?
e. What makes African safari a family resort?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
Роскошь, пользоваться оборудованием, некрупный глубоководный бассейн, фантастические виды, высокий стандарт, пляжный курорт, непревзойдённое сочетание, национальный парк, двухкомнатный номер, персонал, безопасность, палатка, особые потребности.
Home Reading
CULTURE SHOCK
Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. These signs are the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situations of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to give orders to servants, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not.
These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which are unconsciously learned.
When an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of good will he may be, a series of props have been knocked from under him. This is followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort: "the ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad."
For example Americans who are in a strange land get together to grouse about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.
Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance, everything becomes irrationally glorified. All difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.
Some of the symptoms of culture shock are: excessive concern over cleanliness and the feeling that what is new and strange is "dirty." This could be in relation to drinking water, food, dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants or servants; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one's own nationality; irritation over delays and other minor frustrations out of proportion to their causes; delay and outright refusal to learn the language of the host country; excessive fear of being cheated, robbed, or injured; great concern over minor pains and irruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home, to be in familiar surroundings, to visit one's relatives, and, in general, to talk to people who really "make sense."
Individuals differ greatly in the degree in which culture shock affects them. Although not common, there are individuals who cannot live in foreign countries. Those who have seen people go through a serious case of culture shock and on to a satisfactory adjustment can discern steps in the process. During the first few weeks most individuals are fascinated by the new. They stay in hotels and associate with nationals who speak their language and are polite and gracious to foreigners. This honeymoon stage may last from a few days or weeks to six months, depending on circumstances. If one is very important, he or she will be shown the show places, will be pampered and petted, and in a press interview will speak glowingly about goodwill and international friendship.
But this mentality does not normally last if the foreign visitor remains abroad and has seriously to cope with real conditions of life. It is then that the second stage begins, characterized by a hostile and aggressive attitude toward the host country. This hostility evidently grows out of the genuine difficulty which the visitor experiences in the process of adjustment. There are house troubles, transportation troubles, shopping troubles, and the fact that people in the host country are largely indifferent to all these troubles. They help, but they don't understand your great concern over these difficulties. Therefore, they must be insensitive and unsympathetic to you and your worries. The result, "I just don't like them." You become aggressive, you band together with others from your country and criticize the host country, its ways, and its people. But this criticism is not an objective appraisal. Instead of trying to account for the conditions and the historical circumstances which have created them, you talk as if the difficulties you experience are more or less created by the people of the host country for your special discomfort. You take refuge in the colony of others from your country which often becomes the fountainhead of emotionally charged labels known as stereotypes. This is a peculiar kind of offensive shorthand which caricatures the host country and its people in a negative manner. The "dollar grasping American" and the "indolent Latin Americans" are samples of mild forms of stereotypes. The second stage of culture shock is in a sense a crisis in the disease, if you come out of it, you stay; if not, you leave before you reach the stage of a nervous breakdown.
If visitors succeed in getting some knowledge of the language and begin to get around by themselves, they are beginning to open the way into the new cultural environment. Visitors still have difficulties but they take a "this is my problem and I have to bear it" attitude. Usually in this stage visitors take a superior attitude to people of the host country. Their sense of humour begins to exert itself. Instead of criticizing, they joke about the people and even crack jokes about their own difficulties. They are now on the way to recovery.
In the fourth stage, your adjustment is about as complete as it can be. The visitor now accepts the customs of the country as just another way of living. You operate within the new surroundings without a feeling of anxiety, although there are moments of social strain. Only with a complete grasp of all the cues of social intercourse will this strain disappear. For a long time the individual will understand what the national is saying but is not always sure what the national means. With a complete adjustment you not only accept the food, drinks, habits, and customs, but actually begin to enjoy them. When you go home on leave, you may even take things back with you; and if you leave for good, you generally miss the country and the people to whom you became accustomed.
1. Answer the questions:
a. What is culture shock precipitated by?
b. What are the cultural cues helping us in communicating with one another?
c. What are the phases of culture shock?
d. What are the symptoms of culture shock?
f. What are the reasons for hostile and aggressive attitude toward the host country?
e. What are the cures of culture shock?
g. How can knowledge of the language help you get over culture shock?
h. What are the symptoms of recovery from culture shock?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
Раздражение и беспокойство, адаптация, привыкнуть, страдать от, принимающая сторона, искать укрытие, эмоционально окрашенные ярлыки, общественное взаимодействие, пожимать руки, воспринимать всерьёз, на данном этапе, традиции, отклонять приглашение, получать удовольствие, привычки, беспомощность, останавливаться в отеле, враждебность, общаться с местными жителями, чужеродная культура.
Text for annotation
Heritage tourism
Cultural heritage tourism (or just heritage tourism or diaspora tourism) is a branch of tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of the location where tourism is occurring. The National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States defines heritage tourism as “travelling to experience the places and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past," and cultural heritage tourism is defined as “travelling to experience the places and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past and present."
Cultural heritage tourism is important for various reasons; it has a positive economic and social impact, it establishes and reinforces identity, it helps preserve the cultural heritage, with culture as an instrument it facilitates harmony and understanding among people, it supports culture and helps renew tourism. Cultural heritage tourism has a number of objectives that must be met within the context of sustainable development such as; the conservation of cultural resources, accurate interpretation of resources, authentic visitors experience, and the stimulation of the earned revenues of cultural resources. We can see, therefore, that cultural heritage tourism is not only concerned with identification, management and protection of the heritage values but it must also be involved in understanding the impact of tourism on communities and regions, achieving economic and social benefits, providing financial resources for protection, as well as marketing and promotion.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА. ВАРИАНТ 1
I. Выберите правильный вариант
I. What a library! You never have_____ books I need!
a) 0; b) the; c) a; d) an
2. I am looking for ___ painting by Picasso.
a) 0; b) the; c) a; d) an
3. No, Tony, the kitten is so small. You don't do this to ___ kittens!
a) 0; b) the; c) a; d) an
4. This is ___ excellent washing powder. The washing is as white as snow.
a) 0; b) the; c) a; d) an
5. Would you like __ chocolate? I always take something sweet for dessert.
a) 0; b) the; c) a; d) an
6. You seem to be daydreaming _____ rolling up your sleeves.
a) in spite of; b) instead of; c) in place of; d) in case of
7. Remember! _____ the alarm goes off you should leave the house at once.
a) when; b) while; c) at; d) on
8. I am now ___ the meeting at my office. Will call you back later.
a) at; b) in; c) during; d) with
9. What are you doing ___ the weekend?
a) by; b) on; c) at; d) over
10. The bomb was found somewhere____ the four wheels of the car.
a) between; b) among; c) in the middle ; d) across
11. Three_____ please!
a) beers; b) beer; c) pieces of beer; d) courses of beer
12. You know, the news____ sensational! Sensational, I tell you! What a day!
a) are; b) were; c) have been; d) is
13. I am so upset! My suitcase, my trolley, my bag! All the_____ ! Police!
a) luggages; b) luggage; c) possessions; d) belongings
14. Fish and chips ____ about 3 pounds.
a) costs; b) cost; c) sell for; d) pay for
15.To my knowledge this house is___.
a) Sarah's and Henry's; b) Sarah and Henry; c) Sarah and Henry's; d) Sarah's and Henry.
II. Выберите правильный вариант.
1. My (elder, older, oldest, eldest) brother is five years (elder, older, oldest, eldest) than me.
2. Your (advice, advices) (is, are) always good, but I can’t use (it, them).
3. The bus goes to (the, - , a, an) St. Paul’s Cathedral via (the, - , a, an) Trafalgar Square.
4. Is this (you, your, yours, yourself) pen? – No, (my, me, mine, myself) is on the table.
5. To indicate that you want to get (at, in, on, to) or (off, out, out of, from) the bus simply wave your hand (to, at, on, for) the driver.
6. Have you seen (somebody, anything, some, any) strange?
7. We have (few, a few, little, a little ) complaints.
8. You'll board at (the, - , a, an) Gate 7.
III. Составьте предложения из слов.
1. see can ticket your please I?
2. have we an pool swimming and sauna indoor.
3. require we a card number credit for deposit a.
4. cheaper do any have rooms you?
5. can cancel you to days in five advance up
6. hotel afraid I'm the is tonight booked.
7. available front towels are the desk at.
8. the swimming the is on pool floor main.
9. many the shop gift has souvenirs great
10. prevalent crime is in parts the of town old.
IV. Соедините слова с их эквивалентами на русском языке
1. Accommodation
2. Tower
3. Treetop
4. Capsule
5. Cave
6. Underwater
7. Mountain
8. Scuba diving
9. Wireless
10. Income
a. Башня
b. Пещера
c. Доход
d. Капсула
e. Гора
f. Подводное плавание
g. Беспроводной
h. Подводный
i. Верхушка дерева
j. Жильё
V. Прочитайте и переведите текст
Unusual Types of Hotels around the World
Though hotels are all similar in that they all have beds and other accommodations to make staying there much more homelike, there are some very unusual hotels in various parts of the world that challenge the concept of the traditional hotel.
There are treetop hotels in Costa Rica, Kenya and other parts of the world where the hotels are built with very large living trees making up a substantial part of the hotel structure. The Ariau Towers in Brazil, near the city of Manaus is in the middle of the Amazon on the Rio Negro and is a similar type of living tree hotel. Bill Gates invested in the hotel and had modern telephone / internet connections installed. The hotel has 288 units with apartments, suites (located in the towers) and tree houses among them. One of the houses that deserves to be mentioned is the Tarzan House. It allows the visitor to have an amazing view of the area. The house is built on top of a living tree, at the height of 72ft from the ground.
Straight out of Neromancer, but only for the Japanese as of yet, capsule hotels are an economy type of hotel with extremely high occupancy density capabilities. Most capsule hotel compartments are only about 2 meters by 1.25 meters by 1 meter. This amount of space certainly gives one enough room to read or sleep, but not much else. Of course if you’ve got wireless internet the possibilities are considerably expanded.
Capsule hotels are not necessarily frequented primarily by lower income people, but are used by many types of people for many different reasons. For about $25-34 USD per night, a tired working person who stayed out too late drinking and missed the last train can get a night’s rest. There are often discount rates for those wishing to nap for only a couple of hours during the day.
There are several cave hotels throughout the world in such places as Australia, Spain, Turkey, the United States and several other countries. Rooms in cave hotels typically have the entire walls or even two or three walls made out of the mountain or other hard sediment formation that the hotel is built into.
There is one underwater hotel in the entire world that can be reached without the aid of scuba gear. The Utter Inn located in Lake Malaren, Sweden features one large room and visitors can simply walk down into the hotel while viewing underwater. This same company also has an undersea lodge in Key Largo Florida that does require scuba diving to reach.
VI. Дополните предложения
1. Capsule hotels are used by many types of people…
2. There are some very unusual hotels that challenge…
3. The Tarzan House allows the visitor...
4. There are often discount rates for...
5. Most capsule hotel compartments are...
6. The Ariau Towers has apartments, suites and ...
7. Cave hotels are located in...
8. There is one underwater hotel in the world...
9. Hotels are all similar in...
10. If you’ve got wireless internet...
V. Соедините названия отелей и информацию о них
|The Ariau Towers |is located in Lake Malaren, Sweden |
|The Tarzan House |has 288 units |
|The Utter Inn |allows you to walk down into the hotel while viewing underwater |
| |is in the middle of the Amazon |
| |was financed by Bill Gates |
| |does not require scuba diving to reach |
| |had modern telephone / internet connections installed |
| |is built on top of a living tree, at the height of 72ft from the ground |
VI. Напишите краткую аннотацию текста, используя следующие выражения
▪ The title of the text is …
▪ The main idea of the text is …
▪ The text can be divided into … parts.
▪ In the … part the author shows/points out that/how…
▪ In the … part the author emphasises/stresses the idea of …
▪ The … part concentrates on/analyses/describes…
▪ Summing up/In conclusion/Drawing the conclusion, the author says that…
▪ In my opinion…
▪ I think, this text is very interesting/boring/important/unimportant because…
▪ I agree/disagree with the author's view of the problem, because …
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА. ВАРИАНТ 2
1. Выберите правильный вариант
1. There... in the letter.
a) was sad new b) was sad news c) were sad news d) were sad newses
2. Can I buy any posters at... ?
a) the booksellers b) the bookseller's c) the booksellers' d) the bookseller
3. What's... treatment for a cough of all?
a) most effective b) the most effective c ) more effective d ) the more effective
4. The company provides ... assistance on request.
a) farther b ) the farthest c) further d) the furthest
5. The sausages smell..., don't they?
a) so well b) such good c) so good d) such well
6. John F. Kennedy was the youngest president of the United States and .... murdered.
a) the fourth b) a fourth c) forth d) the four
7. Ron knows ... that one is supposed to know about computers.
a) every thing b) anything c) somebody d) none
8. A good speaker can say much in ... words.
a) fewest b) least c) a few d) a little
9. Tornadoes almost never occur west of … Rocky Mountains.
a) 0; b) the; c) a; d) an
10. I lay in my cabin listening to the gentle sound of waves.
l)in b) to c) of d) up
11. I must stay … , because I'm expecting a parcel.
a) in b)for c) down d) to
12. When the train was passing through the French countryside it … stopped because of the engine problems.
a) most suddenly b) more sudden c) sudden d) suddenly
13. I don't want to see this film. I have seen it at … Astoria Cinema recently.
a) 0; b) the; c) a; d) an
14. ... has been wearing my scarf? It looks a bit dirty.
a) who b) what c) where d) why
15. The building had been evacuated ten minutes before the explosion took place.
a) before b ) since c ) later d ) on
2. Выберите правильный вариант.
1. I'll try my (good, better, best, the best) to answer your questions.
2. You are (strict, strictly, stricter, more strictly) forbidden from taking photographs (inside, to, out, from) the museum.
3. (To, On, In, For) your own safety, we ask that you refrain (for, to, from, at) putting your arms out of (the, - , a, an) window.
4. There are only (few, a few, little, a little) vacancies left.
5. The children had some trouble today: little Ben cut (him, his, oneself, himself), Jenny burnt (his, her, herself, sheself) finger, Mike and Jack hurt (theirself, themselves, theirselves, themself)
6. Your flight is expected to take (on, out, at, off) (on, at, in, for) time. – And what about (our, ours, ours flight)?
7. Please pay attention (to, on, at, for) the time.
8. (The, - , A, An) flight 87B to Toronto has been cancelled.
3. Составьте предложения из слов
1. tours accidents these have without going been on for ten years over any.
2. can tourists appreciate will any advice you them helpful give
3. on stay the please path marked.
4. short you from can a bus hotel ride your take.
5. the I you hope to see at information tomorrow session.
6. lunches you prepare can own your and breakfasts.
7. motel is our close very clean and to beach the.
8. economy the priced room one bed includes single.
9. must you your present pass at boarding the gate.
10. can where I luggage a cart get?
4.Соедините слова с их эквивалентами на русском языке
11. Amenities
1. Suite
2. Single room
3. King-sized bed
4. Flat-screen
5. Bunk bed
6. Upgrade
7. Customer
8. Penthouse
9. Couch
a. Одноместный номер
b. Усовершенствовать
c. Кушетка
d. Кровать большого размера
e. Пентхаус
f. Многокомнатный номер
g. С плоским экраном
h. Двухъярусная кровать
i. Клиент
j. Удобства
5. Прочитайте и переведите текст
Types of rooms in hotels
Hotel rooms are classified by the number of beds in them, the size and the amenities that they offer, and their rates vary accordingly. There are three basic room categories for a hotel: the standard, family room and the suite. Even the live-in hotels offer the same basic rooms. Hotels like the Claremont Hotel Club & Spa create their own room categories by offering rooms adjacent to the spa (Spa Elite rooms) and "Pure" rooms created using hypoallergenic materials.
Standard Room. A standard room is the cheapest in the hotel. It comes as a single, which is one king-sized bed, or as a double, with two queen beds. The standard room has the basic amenities, usually a television, coffee maker, telephone, desk, closet and private bathroom. Other offerings in the standard room depend on the hotel. For example, two-star hotels may offer little more than the basics. A five-star hotel’s standard room may have a Jacuzzi tub, flat-screen television, honour bar and designer interior decorating.
Triple or Family Rooms. A few hotels built to accommodate families will offer larger rooms with three or more beds. A triple room has three queen-sized beds. Family rooms offer sitting areas that double as a sleeping space when the couch lets out into a bed. Some hotels, such as the Wilderness Lodge Hotel Chain, offer bunk beds for the kids. Triple or family rooms are more commonly found as suites than as one large room with several beds in it. It may be more practical to simply upgrade to a suite rather than take a triple room in a hotel that is not tailored toward families.
Suite. A suite is like a micro apartment inside the hotel. Also called a deluxe room, the suite is much larger than a standard. It has bedrooms, living area and may have a kitchenette. Suites are used by businesspeople and families looking to stay in the hotel for an extended period of time. The best type of suite is the executive or presidential suite. They are very spacious with the best views and amenities that that hotel has to offer. In many hotels, the presidential suite is on the top floor or penthouse. This suite is the most expensive room in the hotel. Standard suites are more expensive than a standard room of course but may cost only slightly more than the triple or family rooms. Hotels such as Embassy Suites have only suites available to customers.
6. Дополните предложения
1. A suite is also called a ...
2. The executive or presidential suite is ...
3. A five-star hotel’s standard room may have...
4. Hotel rooms are classified by...
5. Sitting areas double as a sleeping space when...
6. A standard room has...
7. The presidential suite is on...
8. Some family rooms offer...
9. Triple or family rooms are more commonly found as suites than...
10. A suite is very spacious with...
7. Соедините типы номеров и информацию о них
|Standard Room |has three queen-sized beds |
|Triple or Family Room |is the cheapest in the hotel |
|Suite |is used by businesspeople and families looking to stay in the hotel for an |
| |extended period of time |
| |is the most expensive room in the hotel |
| |comes as a single or as a double |
| |offers sitting areas that double as a sleeping space |
| |has bedrooms, living area and may have a kitchenette |
| |has the basic amenities |
8. Напишите краткую аннотацию текста, используя следующие выражения
▪ The title of the text is …
▪ The main idea of the text is …
▪ The text can be divided into … parts.
▪ In the … part the author shows/points out that/how…
▪ In the … part the author emphasises/stresses the idea of …
▪ The … part concentrates on/analyses/describes…
▪ Summing up/In conclusion/Drawing the conclusion, the author says that…
▪ In my opinion…
▪ I think, this text is very interesting/boring/important/unimportant because…
▪ I agree/disagree with the author's view of the problem, because …
ПЛАН РАБОТЫ
по английскому языку
для студентов ОЗО географического факультета
специальности "Туризм и гостеприимство"
2 семестр 10 часов
|Кол-во часов| | |
| |Лексический материал |Грамматический материал |
|2 |Types of Holiday. |Present Tenses |
|2 |Careers in Tourism |Past Tenses |
|2 |Tourism organizations and tourist boards |Future Tenses. |
|2 |Travel agencies and tour operators |Reported Speech |
|2 |Responsible Tourism | Passive Voice. |
Литература:
1. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть І. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
2. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть ІІ. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
3. Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part I) / В.Н. Христорождественская. – Минск,1998.
4. Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part II) / В.Н. Христорождественская – Минск,1998.
5. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Course Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
6. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Work Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
7. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Teacher’s Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
8. Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use / Raymond Murphy. – Cambridge University Press, 1997.
9. Королёва, Н.Е. Английский язык: сервис и туризм. English for Tourism: учебное пособие / Н.Е. Королёва, Э.З Баргесян, А.М. Сербиновская. – изд. 3-е. – Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2008. – 407, [1] с. – (Высшее образование).
ЗАДАНИЕ НА ЗИМНЮЮ СЕССИЮ
(3 Семестр)
Устные темы:
“What is tourism?”
“History of tourism”
“Types of tourism”
“Careers in tourism”
Самостоятельное чтение:
“PETS ON BOARD”
“A DEFINITION OF AN ADVENTURE TOUR”
"GREEN" COLORADO: ECO-FRIENDLY TOURISM”
Прочитайте тексты, письменно переведите выделенные отрывки, переведите слова и выражения на английский язык, ответьте на вопросы.
Составьте аннотацию текста “Eco-tourism”
Грамматические упражнения
Oral Topics
WHAT IS TOURISM?
Humans have travelled since the beginning of time. Food, water, safety and acquisition of resources (trade) were the earliest travel motivations. But the idea of travel for pleasure or exploration soon emerged. Travel has always depended upon technology to provide the means or mode of travel. The earliest travellers walked or rode domesticated animals. The invention of the wheel and the sail provided new modes of transportation. Each improvement in technology increased individuals' opportunities to travel. As roads were improved and governments stabilized, interest in travel increased for education, sightseeing, and religious purposes. One of the earliest travel guides was written by Pausanias, a Greek, which was a 10 volume Guide to Greece, for Roman tourists in 170 A.D.
Tourism is a set of activities, services and industries that delivers a travel experience, including transportation, accommodations, eating and drinking establishments, retail shops, entertainment businesses, activity facilities and other hospitality services provided for individuals or groups travelling away from home. The World Tourism Organization (WTO) claims that tourism is currently the world's largest industry with annual revenues of over $3 trillion dollars. Tourism provides over six million jobs in the United States, making it the country's largest employer.
Mathieson and Wall (1982) created a good working definition of tourism as "the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs."
According to Macintosh and Goeldner (1986) tourism is "the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the interaction of tourists, business suppliers, host governments and host communities in the process of attracting and hosting these tourists and other visitors."
Essential Requirements for Tourism are as follows:
Time, as the hours for leisure increase so does the opportunity for travel. Changes in work days or hours, school calendars will affect how and when people can travel. The overall travel pattern has moved from a two week vacation to 6-8 three or four day mini-vacations per year;
Money, the majority of travel requires discretionary income. Discretionary income is money left over after all monetary obligations (food, rent and taxes) have been paid;
Mobility, is the access to transportation (car, bus, plane, train or ship) and the hours required to get to their destination;
Motivation, is the reason people travel. Motivations may include seeking novelty, education, meet new people, adventure or stress reduction.
Oral Topics
HISTORY OF TRAVEL & TOURISM
Travel for trade was an important feature since the beginning of civilisation. The earliest form of leisure tourism can be traced as far back as the Babylonian and Egyptian empires. The Egyptians held many religious festivals that attracted the devout and many people who thronged to cities to see famous works of arts and buildings. In India, as elsewhere, kings travelled for empire building. The Brahmins and the common people travelled for religious purposes. Greek tourists travelled to sites of healing gods. The Greeks also enjoyed their religious festivals that increasingly became a pursuit of pleasure, and in particular, sport. Athens had become an important site for travellers visiting the major sights such as the Parthenon. Inns were established in large towns and seaports to provide for travellers' needs. Courtesans were the principal entertainment offered.
This era also saw the birth of travel writing. Herodotus was the worlds' first travel writer. Guidebooks also made their appearance in the fourth century covering destinations such as Athens, Sparta and Troy. Advertisements in the way of signs directing people to inns are also known in this period.
With no foreign borders between England and Syria, and with safe seas from piracy due to Roman patrols, the conditions favouring travel had arrived. First class roads coupled with staging inns (precursors of modern motels) promoted the growth of travel. Romans travelled to Sicily, Greece, Rhodes, Troy and Egypt. From 300 AD travel to the Holy Land also became very popular. The Romans introduced their guidebooks (itineraria), listing hotels with symbols to identify quality.
Adventurers sought fame and fortune through travel. The Europeans tried to discover a sea route to India for trade purposes and in this fashion discovered America and explored parts of Africa. Strolling players and minstrels made their living by performing as they travelled. Missionaries, saints, etc. travelled to spread the sacred word.
From the early seventeenth century, a new form of tourism was developed as a direct outcome of the Renaissance. Under the reign of Elizabeth 1, young men seeking positions at court were encouraged to travel to continent to finish their education. Later, it became customary for education of gentleman to be completed by a 'Grand Tour' accompanied by a tutor and lasting for three or more years. While ostensibly educational, the pleasure seeking men travelled to enjoy life and culture of Paris, Venice or Florence. By the end of eighteenth century, the custom had become institutionalised in the gentry. Gradually pleasure travel displaced educational travel. The advent of Napoleonic wars inhibited travel for around 30 years and led to the decline of the custom of the Grand Tour.
Spas grew in popularity in the seventeenth century in Britain and a little later in the European Continent as awareness about the therapeutic qualities of mineral water increased. In the nineteenth century they were gradually replaced by the seaside resort.
Highlights of travel in the nineteenth century
· Advent of railway initially catalysed business travel and later leisure travel. Gradually special trains were chartered to only take leisure travel to their destinations.
· Package tours organised by entrepreneurs such as Thomas Cook.
· The European countries indulged in a lot of business travel often to their colonies to buy raw material and sell finished goods.
· The invention of photography acted as a status-enhancing tool and promoted overseas travel.
· The formation of first hotel chains; pioneered by the railway companies who established great railway terminus hotels.
· Seaside resorts began to develop different images as for day-trippers, elite, for gambling.
· Other types of destinations-ski resorts, hill stations, mountaineering spots etc.
· The technological development in steamships promoted travel between North America and Europe.
· The Suez Canal opened direct sea routes to India and the Far East.
· The cult of the guidebook followed the development of photography.
The First World War gave first hand experience of countries and aroused a sense of curiosity about international travel among less well off sector for the first time. The large scale of migration to the US meant a lot of travel across the Atlantic. Private motoring began to encourage domestic travel in Europe and the west. The sea side resort became annual family holiday destination in Britain and increased in popularity in other countries of the west. Hotels proliferated in these destinations.
The wars increased interest in international travel. This interest was given the shape of mass tourism by the aviation industry. The surplus of aircraft and growth of private airlines aided the expansion of air travel. The aircraft had become comfortable, faster and steadily cheaper for overseas travel. With the introduction of Boeing 707 jet in 1958, the age of air travel for the masses had arrived. The beginning of chartered flights boosted the package tour market and led to the establishment of organised mass tourism. The Boeing 747, a 400 seat craft, brought the cost of travel down sharply. The seaside resorts in the Mediterranean, North Africa and the Caribbean were the initial hot spots of mass tourism.
A corresponding growth in hotel industry led to the establishment of world-wide chains. Tourism also began to diversify as people began to flock alternative destinations in the 70s. Nepal and India received a throng of tourists lured by Hare Krishna movement and transcendental meditation. The beginning of individual travel in a significant volume only occurred in the 80s. Air travel also led to a continuous growth in business travel especially with the emergence of the MNCs.
Oral Topics
TYPES OF TOURISM
There are different types of tourism that can be enjoyed. Some are listed below:
Extreme tourism or shock tourism is a type of niche tourism involving travel to dangerous places (mountains, jungles, deserts, caves, etc.) or participation in dangerous events. Extreme tourism overlaps with extreme sport. While traditional tourism requires significant investments in hotels, roads, etc., extreme tourism requires much less to jump-start a business. Tourist’s firms actively offer rafting, traveling on horse back, by bicycle and motorcycle. More and more people are attracted by rafting, diving, pleasure flight on balloon and many others. Diving is very popular in the whole world. It is underwater diving with special apparatuses, providing a swimmer with breathing. Diving is both a sport and entertainment.
Cultural tourism involves visiting historical or interesting cities, such as Paris, Shanghai, Rome or Warsaw. This is when tourists engage in cultural experiences, like visiting an art museum, theatre or opera. Cultural tourism is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or region's culture, especially its arts. It generally focuses on traditional communities who have diverse customs, unique form of art and distinct social practices, which basically distinguishes it from other forms of culture. Cultural tourism includes tourism in urban areas, particularly historic or large cities and their cultural facilities such as museums and theatres. It can also include tourism in rural areas showcasing the traditions of indigenous cultural communities and their values and lifestyle. It is generally agreed that cultural tourists spend substantially more than standard tourists do. This form of tourism is also becoming generally more popular throughout Europe. On the positive side are the unique cultural practices and arts that attract the curiosity of tourists and provide opportunities for tourism and economic development. On the negative side is the issue of how to control tourism so that cultural amenities are not destroyed and the people do not feel violated.
Ecotourism involves travelling that does not pose a threat to the environment, such as safariing in Kenya. Ecotourism integrates tourism with ecology, offering wide varieties of landscapes and activities. Ecotourism (also known as ecological tourism) is a form of tourism that appeals to ecologically and socially conscious individuals. Generally speaking, ecotourism focuses on volunteering, personal growth and learning new ways to live on the planet. It typically involves travel to destinations where flora, fauna and cultural heritage are the primary attractions. Many locations have bеcоmе popular because of the growing worldwide interest in ecology. Ecotourism integrates tourism with ecology, offering wide varieties of landscapes and activities, including unspoiled bеасhes and coral reefs with productive marine systems, for scuba-diving enthusiasts; vast limestone caverns in highlands with trekking, mountain biking, sailing, rafting and other travel opportunities and miles and miles of empty beaches. Responsible ecotourism includes programs that minimize the negative aspects of conventional tourism on the environment and enhance the cultural integrity of local people. Therefore, in addition to evaluating environmental and cultural factors, an integral part of ecotourism is the promotion of recycling, energy efficiency, water conservation and creation of economic opportunities for the local communities. Number of fans of ecotourism grows everywhere every year.
Educational tourism developed because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning, and enhancing technical competency outside the classroom. In the educational tourism, the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes visitation of another country to learn about the culture of the visited country (Student Exchange Program and Study Tour) or to work and apply their learning inside the classroom in different environment (International Practicum Training Program).
Oral Topics
CAREERS IN TOURISM
Many people live for their vacations. Have you ever thought of making vacations your life? If you love working with people and helping them enjoy themselves, consider working in travel and tourism.
Travel and tourism careers actually consist of many different industries, all combining to create a vibrant and exciting whole. Hotels, transportation, recreational parks and restaurants are just a few of the different areas that use the services of travel and tourism specialists.
The most obvious course of joining the travel and tourism industry is to become a travel agent. As a travel agent, you work with your customers and clients to help them design the perfect trip for their needs, whether it is business or pleasure. You might help them chose a destination, purchase tickets, make hotel or car rental reservations, and advise them on tours and other recreational activities in an area.
Hospitality jobs are abundant and include working in a hotel, resort or on a cruise ship. This can be a wonderful and fulfilling career for someone who really enjoys meeting new people and helping them enjoy themselves. With the most important part of their job making sure that visitors have everything they need and advising them on what to do in an area, it can be the perfect field for somebody who is both enthusiastic and articulate with a strong attention to detail.
There are also an abundance of travel and tourism jobs, such as working at a car rental agency, as a tour guide, or in casinos, spas or convention centres. And there are some unique perks to be found in working in travel and tourism! Hotels, airlines and resorts often partner with one another, offering discount packages or reduced rates for travel or lodging.
Travel and tourism is an area in which there always seems to be activity, making it an exciting world to work in! Whether you enjoy helping somebody live their dream vacation or working to make sure that a hurried businessperson gets everything they need to accomplish their trip, a career in tourism is your best choice.
Home Reading
PETS ON BOARD
TAP Portugal allows transporting animals in the cabin or the hold, according to the weight, size and species of animal. Each country’s laws governing the import and export of animals must be respected, and therefore the relevant embassies or consulates must always be contacted. Passengers are responsible for submitting all the animal’s documents, such as health certificates, passports, among others. A signed declaration for expediting live animals must be submitted, which will be supplied when the animal’s transport is paid for. Food and water for the entire trip must be provided.
The booking must be made well in advance. If you would like to transport your pet, you must inform us at the time of booking, or at least 24 hours before departure. If the journey involves more than one airline, they must all authorise transporting the animal.
You will be required to provide information on the size of the box in which the animal is to be carried, total weight (box plus animal), and the species and number of animals to be carried. Animal transport boxes have to comply with TAP's definitions. Only cats and dogs are allowed in the cabin. The maximum weight of the animal transport box plus animal is 7 (seven) kg. The transport box may not exceed 48cm in length, 32cm in width and 25cm in height. Each passenger may only bring one animal transport box. However, the transport box may contain more than one animal of the same kind. The appropriate box (rigid or malleable) for transporting animals may be used as long as it does not exceed the dimensions defined above and is water-tight (capable of retaining the animal’s fluids).
Requests for transporting animals in the cabin will be approved subject to the availability of space, the type of plane allocated and the passenger’s cabin class. The animals must be clean, healthy, and free of odours and must not constitute a threat or disturb other passengers. Females may not be pregnant.
If the animal fulfils the cabin transport conditions and the application is approved, the animal transport box must be placed under the seat of the passenger responsible, so that it does not obstruct free movement in the cabin. A passenger seat may not be used and the animal may never move inside the cabin.
Animals may be carried in the hold of the plane on which the passenger responsible for them is travelling, under the following conditions:
- Advance notice and confirmation of the animal in the hold;
- Transport in the appropriate rigid box;
- The passenger must provide enough food and water for the whole journey, as it will not be possible to feed or exercise the animal during stopovers or in transit.
The animal's box is delivered when the passenger is accepted on the flight and will be placed in the ventilated area in the hold of the plane.
1. Answer the questions:
a. What are the two ways of transporting animals by air? What do they depend on?
b. What animal’s documents are passengers supposed to submit?
c. What information is provided to the airline carrying the animal?
d. What animals are allowed in the cabin?
e. What are the conditions of carrying animals in the hold?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
Заблаговременно, в салоне, в багажном отделении, предоставить информацию, вся поездка, ввоз и вывоз животных, представлять угрозу, остановка на пути следования, причинять неудобства, рейс, превышать габариты, на следующих условиях.
Home Reading
A DEFINITION OF AN ADVENTURE TOUR
Many people dream of having amazing adventures like the one might see in the movies. Other vacationers decide to vacation at the same unadventurous location. If you are looking for a change from the ordinary and want to bring some real adventure into your life, you might want to consider taking an adventure tour for your next vacation. An adventure tour can be made up of a number of different components, but the end result is that you get to explore the best that the world has to offer in a hands-on way. Keep in mind that adventure tours are not for everyone; read these examples of common adventure tour components to see if one is right for you and your family.
Most adventure tours involve hiking at one point or another, generally in conjunction with camping. Some of the hikes may be relatively short, serving as a down-to-earth method of transportation between larger components of the tour. Other hikes can be quite long, comprising a major part of the tour's attraction. Many of the longer hikes have basic recommendations for your fitness level or they may require that you have a certain amount of hiking experience before you take them simply because the distances would be difficult for an out of shape individual to cover safely and in time with the rest of the group.
White water rafting is a common component of an adventure tour. Tours exist that take you on all grades of rivers, though the higher grades usually require a certain amount of rafting experience, which helps prevent you from being a danger to yourself and others. Some tours may even take you across different grades on different days, letting you build up experience over the course of the tour, allowing you to be ready for larger rapids later. Most rafting tours involve camping and may include hikes in between river sections as well.
Although not as common as rafting, a number of tours include a kayaking component as well. A number of these tours are featured in Alaska, where kayaking has somewhat of a cultural component; Alaskan kayak tours are often done in the open ocean. Kayaking is generally not the largest component of the tour, though dedicated kayaking tours do exist.
Another element that is incorporated into a number of adventure tours is rock climbing or rappelling. There is a larger element of danger involved with rock climbing than with a standard hiking tour, but the sense of accomplishment and adventure is well worth it. Many adventure tours that feature rock climbing or rappelling are centered in mountainous regions where climbing may be the primary focus of the tour. There are some hiking tours, which feature rock climbing as just a single component of the tour.
Other extreme sports may also be featured in adventure tours, though they are not as common as the elements that have already be mentioned. Some adventure tours incorporate bungee jumping, cliff diving, hang gliding, and similar activities in addition to hiking and more common components. Finding these tours may be a bit more difficult than finding a basic hiking tour, but if you are looking for a major thrill, these tours can definitely provide that extra sense of excitement.
It should be noted that not all adventure tours are wilderness based; many adventure tour companies have packages, which allow you to experience the adventures of modern life. Tours to cities like Las Vegas and San Francisco are relatively common, and some of them even manage to mix city entertainment components with wilderness adventure in the outlying natural parks as well. Other tours are based on an RV, which you take from one location to the next for each daily event. Some adventure tours contain components such as paintball or other team competitions as well. These are all exciting activities, which are excellent if you are looking to escape from the traditional trip to the beach. Although these may not be as relaxing as the beach, they sure provide excitement and a new thrill to your life.
Regardless of which type of adventure tour you choose, you can expect to have a great time while on the tour. Many adventure tours consist of hiking and camping, but they may also have secondary components such as kayaking and rock climbing. If these are not what you are looking for, there are adventure tours that include extreme sports such as bungee jumping, cliff diving or hang-gliding. The length of the tours can vary from 2-3 days to up to 2 weeks or more, so you should be able to find a tour that meets your exact requirements. If you are looking for a non-traditional vacation, it is highly recommended to try an adventure vacation because it provides an experience that should last a lifetime.
1. Answer the questions:
a. What are the components of adventure tours?
b. Why does hiking sometimes have recommendations for your fitness level?
c. What is special about tours to Las Vegas and San Francisco?
d. How long do the tours last?
e. What extreme sports do the tours include?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
Скалолазание, пеший поход, вспомогательные компоненты, дюльфер, дельтапланеризм, горный район, "тарзанка", опыт, захватывающее мероприятие, пляж.
Home Reading
"GREEN" COLORADO: ECO-FRIENDLY TOURISM
Here in Colorado, we know that natural beauty makes our state an ideal place to live and work. Because of this, many Colorado businesses make it a priority to be eco-friendly—including those that make Colorado a truly “green” vacation destination.
Cultural attractions, hotels and resorts across the state are getting green from the ground up through the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Certification Program fostered by the U.S. Green Building Council. Denver’s Museum of Contemporary Art is the nation’s first contemporary art museum to receive a gold level certification. And several properties are seeking or have been awarded LEED certification, such as The Westin Riverfront Resort & Spa in Avon and the Viceroy Hotel in Snowmass. Vail Valley’s Ever Vail will be the largest LEED-certified project for resort use in North America, complete with nature-sensitive roofs covered with soil and planted with local grasses to reduce solar heat retention, insulate the buildings and aid in drainage.
Colorado’s smaller lodging properties are also on the forefront of the green movement. Las Manos Bed & Breakfast in Buena Vista was recognized by as one of America’s 10 Greenest Hotels in 2007, and Devil’s Thumb Ranch, outside of Winter Park, was the only U.S. property to be included on Travel & Leisure’s 2007 list of the Top 20 Eco-Friendly Resorts in the World.
All 26 Colorado ski resorts have extensive recycling programs. Keystone, for example, offers creative composting efforts combining vegetable kitchen scraps with wood shavings to create rich fertilizing soil used in their landscaping. Silverton Mountain is entirely recycled—literally. The mountain resort was built with reclaimed products either donated or purchased from around the country, including lifts, mountain vehicles, ski patrol toboggans, furnishings—even handheld radios.
The resorts are also reducing greenhouse gas emissions with their public transportation systems. In 2007, more than 700,000 Winter Park visitors took advantage of its free community shuttle system. The Roaring Fork Transit Authority in Aspen/Snowmass recently added four additional hybrid buses to its fleet. In Telluride, access to the gondola has virtually eliminated the need for cars. Moreover, through the purchase of wind power, Colorado resorts are annually saving more than 241 million pounds of carbon dioxide from entering the earth’s atmosphere. A total of 11 resorts, including Aspen/Snowmass and Beaver Creek, offset 100 percent of their energy by purchasing wind power. In 2006, Steamboat Ski Resort opened the world’s first combined solar-wind powered ski lift, the Sunshine Express.
Colorado’s green movement grows with each business that acts on its environmental conscience and with each passionate visitor who walks through their doors. Consider these environmentally friendly tourism options, where protecting the earth is as integral to business as ensuring an enjoyable visit.
1. Answer the questions:
a. Why do many Colorado businesses make it a priority to be eco-friendly?
b. What does LEED stand for?
c. What is the nation’s first contemporary art museum to receive a gold level certification?
d. How many ski resorts are there in Colorado?
e. Which of the resorts is entirely recycled?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
Транспортная система челночного типа, лыжный курорт, музей современного искусства, энергия ветра, на передовой, практически отказаться от, программы вторичной переработки, углекислый газ.
Text for annotation
Eco-tourism
Eco-tourism focuses on local cultures, wilderness adventures, volunteering, personal growth and learning new ways to live on our vulnerable planet. It is typically defined as travel to destinations where the flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attractions. Responsible ecotourism includes programs that minimize the adverse effects of traditional tourism on the natural environment, and enhance the cultural integrity of local people. Therefore, in addition to evaluating environmental and cultural factors, initiatives by hospitality providers to promote recycling, energy efficiency, water re-use, and the creation of economic opportunities for local communities are an integral part of ecotourism.
Historical, biological and cultural conservation, preservation, sustainable development etc. are some of the fields closely related to Eco-Tourism. Many professionals have been involved in formulating and developing eco-tourism policies. They come from the fields of Geographic Information Systems, Wildlife Management, Wildlife Photography, Marine Biology and Oceanography, National and State Park Management, Environmental Sciences, Women in Development, Historians and Archaeologists, etc.
Ecotourism is considered the fastest growing market in the tourism industry, according to the World Tourism Organization with an annual growth rate of 5% worldwide and representing 6% of the world gross domestic product, 11.4% of all consumer spending - not a market to be taken lightly.
Грамматические упражнения
I. Раскройте скобки (Active Voice)
1. Look! The children (to watch) cartoons.
2. He (to do) homework before you came.
3. My mother (to buy) a good book last week.
4. You (to see) this film yet?
5. When I (to have) breakfast the phone rang.
6. What he (to do) now?
7. He ever (to visit) London?
8. If you (to wait) for me, I’ll help you with the article.
II. Раскройте скобки (Passive Voice)
1. The letter (to receive) yesterday.
2. Bread (to sell) in this shop every day.
3. The books (to give) out tomorrow.
4. The flowers must (to water) immediately.
5. He (to meet) at the station the day after tomorrow?
6. This exercise can (to do) in pairs.
7. When this town (to found)?
8. The article (not to publish) until next week.
III. Поставьте глаголы в Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous.
1. I (to read) this book for half an hour but I (to read) only thirty pages of it.
2. What you (to do) here at such a late hour?
3. You ever (to see) this film?
4. Julia (to have) a little brother whose name (to be) Tom.
5. Your friend (to know) who committed the crime?
6. Nelly (to look) for the keys the whole evening but (not to find) them yet.
7. Where (to be) Mark? – He (to go) home.
IV. Поставьте глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous.
1. The children (to do) their homework before mother (to come) home and when she (to come) they (to play) with the toys.
2. I (to write) my composition for two hours when Nick (to call) but I (not to write) even half of it.
3. Whom you (to see) when you (to drive) to town yesterday?
4. Why you (to be) so upset yesterday?
V. Поставьте глаголы в Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect, Future Perfect Continuous.
1. You (to read) this book tomorrow?
2. By the 5th of March she (to teach) for three years.
3. You (to write) your composition between 4 and 5 on Wednesday? – No, I (to write) it by Monday as the latest.
4. How many pages she (to read) by the end of the hour?
5. I (not to meet) you tomorrow, I (to take) a test at that time.
6. Jane (not to finish) the book by Thursday so she (to have) to keep it another two days.
7. Do you think she (to come) soon?
VI. Раскройте скобки
1. The boy (to refuse) … to admit that he (to break) … the window. So he (to send) … home to bring his parents to school.
2. Look, it (to get) … late. I (to miss) … the ten o'clock train if I (not to hurry) … . Jack said he (to come) … to pick me up. I don't know why he (not to appear) … yet. Perhaps he (to get) … into the traffic jam.
3. Yesterday Tom and Janice (to go) … to the zoo. They had an adventure there. While they (to walk) … by the giraffe, it (to begin) … to chew Janice's hat.
4. When Helen (to hear) … that her best friend (to deceive) … her she (to turn) … pale.
5. A bad accident (to happen) … on Highway 95 last night. Someone (to drive) … at high speed and a bicyclist (to hit) … .
6. Look at Erin. She (to cry) … and (to laugh) … at the same time. I wonder if she (to scream) … the next minute.
VII. Переведите из прямой речи в косвенную
1. “Have you seen Jane lately?” asked Nick’s mother.
2. “Hand in your exercise-books, please,” the teacher said.
3. “I didn’t go to the cinema last week,” complained Jessica.
4. “Paris is the most beautiful place in the world,” thought Paul.
5. “Is there anything to eat in the fridge?” wondered little Jack.
6. “The war started in 1812,” said the lecturer.
7. “Where are my glasses?” wondered Granny.
8. “Don’t bother me now,” demanded Ross.
9. “The earth is full of wonders,” remarked a little girl.
10. “It is not allowed to cross the street when the red light is on,” said the policeman.
ПЛАН РАБОТЫ
по английскому языку
для студентов ОЗО географического факультета
специальности "Туризм и гостеприимство"
3 семестр 10 часов
|Кол-во часов|Лексический материал |Грамматический материал |
|2 |Promoting a Destination |Modal Verbs |
|2 |Transport |Modal Verbs with Perfect Infinitive |
|2 |Customer Relations |Gerund |
|2 |Handling a Complaint |Infinitive |
|2 |Hotel Facilities |Participle |
Литература:
1. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть І. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
2. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть ІІ. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
3. Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part I) / В.Н. Христорождественская. – Минск,1998.
4. Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part II) / В.Н. Христорождественская – Минск,1998.
5. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Course Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
6. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Work Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
7. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Teacher’s Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
8. Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use / Raymond Murphy. – Cambridge University Press, 1997.
9. Королёва, Н.Е. Английский язык: сервис и туризм. English for Tourism: учебное пособие / Н.Е. Королёва, Э.З Баргесян, А.М. Сербиновская. – изд. 3-е. – Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2008. – 407, [1] с. – (Высшее образование).
ЗАДАНИЕ НА ЛЕТНЮЮ СЕССИЮ
(4 семестр)
Устные темы:
“Tourism in Belarus”
“Tourism in Great Britain”
“Tourism in the USA”
“Travelling and transport”
Самостоятельное чтение:
“TRAVEL HEALTH INSURANCE”
“SAMPLE TOUR GUIDE SPEECH”
“PACKING & TRAVEL TIPS”
Прочитайте тексты, письменно переведите выделенные отрывки, переведите слова и выражения на английский язык, ответьте на вопросы.
Составьте аннотацию текста “Buses, trams, underground in Bonn”
Грамматические упражнения
Oral Topics
TOURISM IN BELARUS
Whether it is World War I or World War II, Napoleon war or Northern wars - they happened here in Belarus. There is plenty of history of Russian Socialist revolution here too. Belarus has the richest Jewish history. Whether it is David Mayer-Lanski or David Sarnoff, Isaac Asimov or Menachem Begin, Irving Berlin or Eliayahu Golomb, Kirk Douglas or Gwyneth Paltrow, Haim Weizmann, Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, Shimon Peres, Marc Chagall, Micgel Kikoine, the Chofetz Chaim, Bielski brothers, and the first Lubavitcher Rebbe - they were born or have roots in Belarus or within 50 miles of its current borders. The first ever Yeshiva was built in Valozhyn, Belarus.
There are plenty of XII-XIV centuries Castles left in Belarus. Most of them half destroyed. Some (in Mir, Nyasvizh, Zaslaue, Lida, Kamianec) are reasonably preserved. Depicted on the left is Mir Castle - one of the many former residencies of the famous Belarusian Radzivill family. Today it is a residence of the college of architectural restoration.
You can still find XII century orthodox churches in Hrodna, Mahilyow, Polatsk, Navahradak, etc. There are beautiful and mighty catholic churches (XIV-XVI cc.) well preserved in Hrodna, Vitebsk, Vidzy, etc.
During World War II every fourth (by some accounts 1/3) citizen of Byelorussian SSR perished. Thus we do have a lot of memorials for the victims of World War II. The most known are Khatyn', close to Minsk, and Brest Fortress. Khatyn is a memorial to a village burned during WWII with its inhabitants alive by Nazi. It has a Graveyard of Villages - each grave symbolizes one of those many Belarusian villages that have shared their terrible fate with Khatyn.
Brest Fortress is famous by the deed of its heroic garrison. It was defending their post for more than month completely cut off, surrounded by Germans, far from the front that was moving fast to Moscow. They all perished but did not surrender. In commemoration of this deed a tremendous memorial was arisen in Brest. Belarusians had an unprecedented guerilla resistance scale - hundreds of thousands of partisan fighters stayed in Belarusian woods fighting Germans.
Close to Brest is a national park "Belavezha" where the relict European relative of buffalo - Zoobr- has survived. This park is shared between Belarus and Poland (see this polish site) and is probably the last piece of primeval European forest. Typical landscapes include pine and mixed woods (1/3 of territory is covered by forest), small hills (the highest point of Belarus - Navahrudak - is 300m above the sea). Belarus is a country of thousands of lakes. You could also do some bird watching in the vast fields, forests and marshlands of Belarus. Of the other natural attractions I can mention a resort on lake Svisloch' with an extremely clean water. Overall Belarus has a lot of small quiet resorts on lakes and rivers in beautiful pine forests. But do not expect a five star service anywhere. It is reasonably clean and safe, but primitive by western standards. The great part about Belarus is that there is no private land. So you can camp pretty much wherever you like to. You can fish, gather berries, mushrooms and flowers, you can daydream on the sunny edge of the forest, you can swim in any lake or river without lifeguard whistling at you and so on and so on. For an overcrowded Europe or Japan this might be a perfect way to get lost in nature. The time scale in such places is unbelievably slow and relaxing.
Because hotel industry in Belarus is pretty poorly developed lately a so called agro-tourism is becoming popular. Agro Tourism is when a native person or local of the area offers tours to their Agriculture project to allow a person to view them growing, harvesting, and processing locally grown foods, such as coconuts, pineapple, sugar cane, corn, or any produce the person would not encounter in their home country. Often the farmers would provide a home-stay opportunity and education. Mushroom hunting, gathering wild berries and medicinal plants with experts are some ways to spend time on such tours.
The thing is that there is pretty much no private land in Belarus. You can camp in any forest, lie down and dream in every meadow, swim in every lake. Some general common sense fire hazard and nature conservation rules apply and that's it. Agro tourism allows you to live in Belarusian village - out there in nature. You get to eat simple Belarusian peasant food, perhaps even help in the fields or with cattle. This takes you from 21st century into 18th within a day.
There are some unique places in Belarus that provide health benefits. One such famous place is for people with respiratory diseases - asthma etc. - in Salihorsk. They have man-made caverns - former salt excavation places - where a specific inhalation techniques are used to treat respiratory diseases, so called speleotherapy. Dentistry is lately on the rise in Belarus. One can do the same procedure as in US some 10 times cheaper using modern materials and techniques. And just general health spas with hydro-massage, sauna, different medical prophylactic procedures, like oxygen cocktails, inhalation, specific diets etc. are widely available for pretty low fee as compared to the West.
Oral Topics
TRAVEL AND TOURISM IN GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
Travel and tourism in Great Britain is booming - both for residents of the UK and for visitors from North America. Great Britain is the island that encompasses England, Wales, and Scotland. Visitors will enjoy the beautiful scenery of the English, Welsh, and Scottish countryside as well as the friendly and welcoming people and a host of activities. The cities - London, Edinburgh, Liverpool, and more - boast world-class dining, shopping, and centuries of history. Here is just a sampling of what Great Britain has to offer.
London, England's capital city, invites visitors to explore hundreds of years of history. Sights, such as the Tower of London, the Houses of Parliament (pictured above), and Kensington Palace, offer a glimpse of British life in other centuries. Shoppers visiting London will delight in Harrods department store, known for its singular service, January clearance sales, and spectacular food department.
The Cotswolds region of England, west of London, is a picturesque district, home to Oxford, Bath, and Stratford-on-Avon. The university town of Oxford is home to the oldest English-speaking college in the world. In addition to visiting the school, tourists can tour the 13th century Carfax Tower; visit Christ Church Cathedral, built by King Henry VIII and Cardinal Woolsey in the mid-16th century; and enjoy the many shops, restaurants, and nightlife in this vibrant town.
The town of Bath was once a Roman spa, built over a natural hot springs. In fact, remnants of the original Roman buildings still exist. Stratford-on-Avon was the home of William Shakespeare. His cottage still stands and welcomes visitors. In addition, Stratford is home to a theater that features the Bard's plays.
The northwest of England is home to the country's "Lake District." This beautiful countryside has inspired poets and writers from Wordsworth to Daniel Defoe to Beatrix Potter. True to its name, the region is home to dozens of lakes and is a popular spot for boating, hiking, and enjoying nature.
The nation of Scotland comprises the northern third of Great Britain. United with England for political and economic reasons, Scotland stills functions independently in regards to laws and education. The majority of the population lives in or around the cities Glasgow and Edinburgh. In addition to exploring the history, cuisine, and shopping in these two metropolises, visitors will want to venture into the countryside, up to the highlands and the whisky (the Scottish drop the "e") trail, where much of the world's Scotch whiskey is produced.
Wales on the west coast of Great Britain is a rugged country that maintains a distinct cultural, though not political, identity from the rest of the island. The Welsh have their own language (a derivation of the original Celtic language) and a rich tradition in arts and literature. Much of the country is rural and visitors will enjoy visiting its many historic castles as well as the beautiful coastline.
There is a wealth of history to see in Northern Ireland. Some of the attractions that are popular include:
The Navan Centre and Fort in Armagh
The Beaghmore Stone Circles in Cookstown
The Belfast Castle and Belfast Zoo in Belfast
Harry Avery's Castle in Strabane
Devenish Island Monastic Site in Enniskillen
Oral Topics
TRAVELLING AROUND THE USA
On our tour we crossed the country from East to West and from North to South by bus, plane and by car, only both of us; and I must say - this tour was one of the most exiting experiences we ever had. The USA is a country of exceptional natural beauty and fascinating cities. Also the people were very friendly and happy to assist us. We've got such pleasant and great impressions, that I'm very sure - we will return one day!
We began our tour with New York. This fascinating, powerful and gigantic world metropolis with its pulsating life captivated us soon and got us in the proper mood for our American tour. Most memorable experiences were a visit of the Empire State Building and the World Trade Center in Manhattan Downtown. New York with all the skyscrapers, its super Malls and pulsating life was a very new and great experience. We stepped in at "Macy’s" and “Manhattan Mall” and have been absolutely impressed by the dimension of these shopping centres and the unimaginable range of goods. Never before have seen anything like that. Now we know, what it means “shopping in New York”.... A special highlight was a ride by bus through the island district Manhattan, the industrial, commercial and financial centre and the heart of this grandiose city. Here is the Wall Street with the New York Stock Exchange and here is the place, where two years later, on Sept. 11th, the terrorist attack happened, in the course of which the World Trade Center with its famous twin towers was destroyed - what a tragedy! The most exciting event for us was the visit to the Empire State Building. The outlook onto the city is absolutely impressive and makes you feel the pulse of this powerful and gigantic world metropolis. Very strange for us to realize, that the district of Harlem is a black enclave, where white tourists should not step in, as we have been told by the guide.
After a few exciting days we took the Greyhound bus and left for Washington, the elegant, spacious capital of the United States, with magnificent buildings and well tended parks. Washington is an elegant city with spacious parks, broad streets and magnificent buildings, especially in the government district. Grand Museums invite to study the political, cultural and natural history of the country. In particular the exhibits of natural history are amazing and fascinating. The famous Capitol is open to the public and we took the chance to have a look into the interior. Under the far visible dome is a magnificent entrance hall. The huge rotunda shows with a frieze under the dome, with sculptures and paintings important personalities and historic scenes of the American history.
Another highlight was the Niagara Falls - what a breathtaking experience, to ride along the bottom of the Falls and to watch them by night under coloured floodlight! The 25 miles long Niagara River is the connection between the Erie Sea and the 62 miles long Ontario Sea, which forms the Niagara Falls: in the East the American Fall (height: 180 ft / 55 m, width: 1148 ft / 350m), in the North the Canadian Fall, also called the "Horseshoe Fall", (height: 161 ft / 49 m, width: 2788 ft / 850 m. The falls are best viewed from the Canadian site, where also is located the "Skylon Tower", an observation tower, which offers a breathtaking panoramic view of the whole area and enables you to watch, how the water of the Ontario Sea pours into the Niagara falls. Most impressive for us has been a boat ride along the bottom of the falls. In this way we experienced this raging force of nature with all our senses. We heard and saw the thunderous water masses fall down from the height and the sea spray sprinkled on our raincoats. These were unforgettable and unimaginable impressions - one simply must have experienced this ...
Next destination was Los Angeles. Already the landing approach by night was an unforgettable experience - an endless sea of lights for more than half an hour. Highlights of a sightseeing tour were Beverly Hills, Hollywood and Mann's Chinese Theatre, Santa Monica, Venice Beach and not least the unimaginable traffic system... Los Angeles - this is not simply a gigantic metropolis, but a monstrous union of 168 cities, where live more than 13 million people. An area, with the size of the German Federal country Schleswig-Holstein, including for example Hollywood and Beverly Hills but as well the fine sandy Californian beaches with attractive seaside resorts like Santa Monica or Venice Beach, the so-called "muscle beach" - a place for intensive fitness training. We were most impressed with the dimension of the city and the terrific traffic system. There are more than 1600 miles city highway. Once we passed a place, where 5 highways cross and the guide said, we just would ride in the 6th storey! All in all very interesting and exciting sites, but not places to live... A special highlight was the experience of old Hollywood with its loud colours and the crazy, outsized advertising. While visiting all the famous places we also walked along the "Walk of Fame". The famous sidewalk fixes with more than 2000 stars from brass the names of the Great in the show business and is leading right to the Mann's Chinese Theater, Hollywood's most famous and exotic cinema, where all the famous Hollywood stars left their Hand- and footprints as well as autographs - just see below. You can walk around and compare the size of your hands and feet...
The Greyhound brought us to Las Vegas then, where we rented a car for a round-trip though the Canyons in Arizona and Utah - what indescribable and unforgettable experiences! At first this world of imagination, this fascinating glamorous fairyland Las Vegas and then the breathtaking beauty of the Grand Canyon, Bryce Canyon Zion NP, Lake Powell.... The absolute highlight of the entire tour! Las Vegas truly beyond human imagination. No one can fancy the incredible wealth and variety of fantasy and ideas. It is breathtaking and fascinating - a glamorous fairyland! Unbelievable as well, the multitude and dimension of the splendid, bright illuminated gambling dens in each hotel - they are the soul and real essence of Las Vegas! Of course most casinos offer as well special poker facilities and here you may find some of the best poker rooms. With their special attractions the hotels try to excel each other and to lure as much gamblers as possible. In front of the hotel "Treasure Island" for example, two huge sailing ships ride at anchor and perform piracy, and within the MGM casino you'll even find a cage with lions! Incidentally - there is no clock in any gambling den and if yet, without hands, for - the lucky one doesn't care for time....
Oral Topics
TRAVELLING AND TRANSPORT
Transport or transportation is the movement of people, cattle, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport is important since it enables trade between peoples, which in turn establishes civilizations.
Transport infrastructure consists of the fixed installations necessary for transport, and may be roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and pipelines, and terminals such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refuelling depots (including fuelling docks and fuel stations), and seaports. Terminals may be used both for interchange of passengers and cargo and for maintenance.
Vehicles travelling on these networks may include automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, trucks, people, helicopters, and aircraft. Operations deal with the way the vehicles are operated, and the procedures set for this purpose including financing, legalities and policies. In the transport industry, operations and ownership of infrastructure can be either public or private, depending on the country and mode.
Passenger transport may be public, where operators provide scheduled services, or private. Freight transport has become focused on containerization, although bulk transport is used for large volumes of durable items. Transport plays an important part in economic growth and globalization, but most types cause air pollution and use large amounts of land. While it is heavily subsidized by governments, good planning of transport is essential to make traffic flow, and restrain urban sprawl.
A mode of transport is a solution that makes use of a particular type of vehicle, infrastructure and operation. The transport of a person or of cargo may involve one mode or several modes, with the latter case being called intermodal or multimodal transport. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages, and will be chosen for a trip on the basis of cost, capability, route, and speed.
Terminals such as airports, ports and stations, are locations where passengers and freight can be transferred from one vehicle or mode to another. For passenger transport, terminals are integrating different modes to allow riders to interchange to take advantage of each mode's advantages. For instance, airport rail links connect airports to the city centres and suburbs. The terminals for automobiles are parking lots, while buses and coaches can operates from simple stops. For freight, terminals act as transhipment points, though some cargo is transported directly from the point of production to the point of use.
The financing of infrastructure can either be public or private. Transport is often a natural monopoly and a necessity for the public; roads, and in some countries railways and airports are funded through taxation. New infrastructure projects can involve large spendings, and are often financed through debt. Many infrastructure owners therefore impose usage fees, such as landing fees at airports, or toll plazas on roads. Independent of this, authorities may impose taxes on the purchase or use of vehicles.
Private transport is only subject to the owner of the vehicle, who operates the vehicle themselves. For public transport and freight transport, operations are done through private enterprise or by governments. The infrastructure and vehicles may be owned and operated by the same company, or they may be operated by different entities. Traditionally, many countries have had a national airline and national railway. Since the 1980s, many of these have been privatized. International shipping remains a highly competitive industry with little regulation, but ports can be public owned.
Passenger transport, or travel, is divided into public and private transport. Public transport is scheduled services on fixed routes; while private transport is vehicles that provide ad hoc services at the rider's desire. The latter offers better flexibility, but lower capacity, and a higher environmental impact. Travel may be as part of daily commuting, for business, leisure or migration.
Short-haul transport is dominated by the automobile and mass transit. The latter consists of buses in rural and small cities, supplemented with commuter rail, trams and rapid transit in larger cities. Long-haul transport involves the use of the automobile, trains, coaches and aircraft, the last of which have become predominantly used for the longest, including intercontinental, travel. Intermodal passenger transport is where a journey is performed through the use of several modes of transport; since all human transport normally starts and ends with walking, all passenger transport can be considered intermodal. Public transport may also involve the intermediate change of vehicle, within or across modes, at a transport hub, such as a bus or railway station.
Taxis and Buses can be found on both ends of Public Transport spectrum, whereas Buses remain the cheaper mode of transport but are not necessarily flexible, and Taxis being very flexible but more expensive. In the middle is Demand responsive transport offering flexibility whilst remaining affordable.
International travel may be restricted for some individuals due to legislation and visa requirements.
Home Reading
TRAVEL HEALTH INSURANCE
Travel insurance types that most interest us are classified into two categories, health and trip cancellation.
In choosing we cannot underestimate the reality of both holiday nightmares. If we were to go on holiday, health insurance becomes almost a necessity. To a tourist getting sick means spending a fortune on treatment. In the world of insurance coverage the choice must fall back on the individual needs and concerns. But health insurance is a must if you don't want to end up spending a fortune the extras are a benefit to have.
Travel cancellation insurance, enables us to receive a reimbursement on most of our money if we were unable to leave. Let's say you booked and paid for a trip to the Dominican Republic and spent 2,000 dollars, if you could not leave due to whatever reasons and you did not buy insurance, wouldn't you be upset? It might have cost you perhaps a couple of extra dollars for the insurance and now you lost 2,000 dollars instead.
What is the cost of travel insurance?
By purchasing a package from a tour operator, travel, health insurance is very often included in the cost of travel. In this case I do not know the exact amount of cost. But always ask if insurance is included. Remember though that having cancellation insurance is not mandatory but always good to have. The cost of this coverage varies depending on the cost of travel.
Insurance companies offer many advantages and very few disadvantages.
Being in a foreign country, miles and miles from home and getting sick or injured can turn your holiday into a nightmare. Having someone who pays for our assistance speaks our language and reimburse the expenses incurred for drugs, medical visits, hospital admissions, legal assistance, gives me peace of mind.
However, make sure you applied for the right insurance, and remember a cancelled trip is reimbursable, but taxes paid on it are not included. If something does happen, you must act quickly, usually within 24 hours after the event occurred or within 10 days of your return home. The sooner you make the claim the faster you will get your refund and medical expenses taken care of.
What about auto insurance when travelling?
Every time I visit any vacation spot I always enjoy renting a car and driving away to explore the area. If you are renting a car through your travel agency and then picking it up at your destination, then your travel agency can arrange all of this for you, including auto insurance. Make sure you get the Collision Damage coverage. However, most of the time when travelling abroad we decide to rent a car, using a credit card usually offers insurance coverage. Just make sure you check with them first to make sure.
Be safe and have fun!
1. Answer the questions:
a. What are the two main categories of travel insurance?
b. Why is it necessary to have health insurance?
c. How can holiday cancellation insurance save your money?
d. What does the cost of travel insurance depend on?
e. What are the advantages of travel insurance?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
Брать автомобиль напрокат, отмена поездки, страховое возмещение, возмещать издержки, юридическая поддержка, подлежащий возмещению, включён в стоимость поездки, недостатки, туристическое агентство, точная сумма.
Home Reading
SAMPLE TOUR GUIDE SPEECH
Welcoming tourists: Hello everyone. My name is Luca. On behalf of Suntan Tours I'd like to welcome you all to Los Cabos. The bus ride to your hotel will take about fifteen minutes. Right now I'd like to take a minute to familiarize you with the area and discuss some brief safety precautions. Firstly, I ask that you remain seated until we reach our destination and that you not eat or drink while on the bus. Secondly, please realize that it is against the law to get drunk in public. Enjoy your vacation, but do drink responsibly and do not drink and drive.
Describing the location: I promise you are going to enjoy your stay here in San Jose, Los Cabos. This is a beautiful, quiet city where you can relax, sit by the beach, enjoy great meals and feel very safe. You can walk into town and enjoy the fountains or take a moonlit walk along the water. Please do not swim here. This is not a safe place to swim because there is a strong underflow. Cabos San Lucas is the place to go if you want to enjoy swimming in the ocean. You can take a short bus ride from your hotel. There you will also enjoy entertainment and dancing.
Introducing special events and offers: Suntan tours offers a variety of special discounts depending on your travel plans. We have golf packages, as well as guided whale boat tours, and fishing charters. There will be a short information session at 1pm in the lobby of the hotel tomorrow where you can learn all about these offers. We recommend that you do not purchase packages from street vendors as they are not always 100 percent reliable. They also may charge you more than what they say. Please take my advice and allow Suntan tours to book all of your day trips and activities while you are here.
Offering advice: If you need to exchange your dollars into pesos, please use a bank or money exchange. We don't recommend exchanging your money at the hotel because you won't get a fair rate. Some restaurants will accept American or Canadian money, but you are better off to exchange your money and pay with pesos. Or, if you prefer, you can always use your credit cards. Also, if you want to get around the city, or travel to Cabos San Lucas, we recommend that you take the local bus rather than a taxi. The bus costs about one American dollar, and the driver can give you change if you don't have the exact amount. If you do decide to take a taxi make sure that you negotiate a price before you go.
Closing remarks: We're going to be pulling up to the hotel in just a few minutes. Please sit back and enjoy the view of the ocean on the left hand side of the bus as we enter the city. I ask that you remain in your seats until we have come to a complete stop. Javier will be meeting us at the bus to help you with your bags. Please double check to make sure your bag has been taken off the bus. On behalf of Suntan Tours, have a wonderful vacation in San Jose and I hope to see you tomorrow at the information session.
1. Answer the questions:
a. Which elements does a tour guide speech consist of?
b. What safety warnings do you need to mention?
c. Why doesn’t the guide recommend purchasing packages from street vendors?
d. What facilities does Suntan tours company offer?
e. What are the transportation options?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
От имени, полностью остановиться, через несколько минут, меры предосторожности, специальные скидки, обменять деньги, договориться о цене, проверить дважды, в зависимости от, наслаждаться пребыванием.
Home Reading
PACKING & TRAVEL TIPS
Fashion vs. comfort: When the options are looking good and feeling miserable or looking practical and staying comfortable, most experienced travellers choose comfort.
Jewellery: The more you leave at home, the less you will have at risk. Think about what you will need and what you will be heartbroken over if it is lost or stolen.
Footwear: The most important item in your luggage will be your shoes. Make sure your footwear is in good condition, waterproofed (or oiled with mink oil) and well broken in. Select shoes that are sturdy, with non-slip soles. Bring along some lambs wool or bandages to prevent blisters. Plan on wearing shoes at all times since protozoa, fungi, and worms enter the body through the skin, and often through your feet. Open toed shoes and sandals aren't very functional in some areas. Bring slippers or shower shoes, etc. Some foreign homes won't allow street shoes in the house and going barefoot is really taboo! Be prepared. Bring along wool or cotton socks. Chances are you'll be doing some walking and you might find yourself changing your socks more often.
Laundry: Most natural fabrics (cotton, denim, etc.), stand up to laundry methods around the world - but not delicate items and knits. Pack some fine washable detergent and hangers and wash some items yourself. Don't bring clothes that require dry cleaning. Choose items for their lightness and washability.
General: Coordinate your wardrobe around one main colour. Choose separates that can be mixed and matched. Scarves, belts, and costume jewellery can change your look. You may notice that women in other countries dress up more than they do in the U.S., especially for dinner in a restaurant. Although pants are acceptable all over the world, you may want to bring along at least one skirt if you expect to be eating frequently in restaurants. Dressing with dignity is key in many foreign cultures.
If you'll be travelling to a country that has altitude fluctuations or temperature extremes, plan on layering clothes (i.e. turtleneck, flannel shirt, nylon wind breaker, light T-shirt, shirt/blouse, sweater combinations). You can peel off layer-by-layer as the day warms - replacing each layer in the evening. Most countries do not have central air/heat, so you'll feel the temperature changes more.
Items the streamlined traveller often does without include pyjamas and nightgowns (a T-shirt will do); bathrobe (a raincoat will serve just fine); fancy clothes and expensive jewellery.
The ideal raincoat is crushable, dark in colour so that it never shows dirt and looks great on you at any given time. Raincoats that can be folded, rolled and stuffed into your suitcase or carry-on are ideal.
Bring a hat: A beret or wool hat for cold weather, a crushable hat with a visor or baseball cap for sunny climates.
The black rubber galoshes people wear over their shoes are perfect for travelling because they take up little room in your suitcase, will save you from wet, uncomfortable shoes, and are easy to tote around daily in case of a sudden rain storm.
Travelling Clothes: You may want to wear your bulkiest outfit, suit, heavy sweater or overcoat the day of travel. Pack one more complete, coordinated set of clothes, for a total of two complete outfits. Women should not include dresses in this formula, which are less versatile than separates. Many women travellers claim that a full-skirted, comfortable dress is great for flying.
Knit Items are Ideal. A jogging suit is also comfortable on the plane (but carry a change of clothing in your carryon).
1. Answer the questions:
a. What is the most important item in your luggage?
b. When do you need layering clothes?
c. Which items can you do without?
d. What is the ideal raincoat?
e. What should you carry in your carryon?
2. Give the English equivalents from the text:
Комплект одежды, занимать мало места, опытные путешественники, складывать, химчистка, смешивать и сочетать, центральное отопление, перепад высоты, натуральные ткани, вязаные вещи.
Text for annotation
Buses, trams, underground in Bonn
Buses and trams are the ideal means of transport for getting around Bonn quickly and hassle-free. Bus and tram stops are marked by a sign with a green H in a green circle against a yellow background. The numbers of the buses/trams that stop there are usually also listed together with their timetables. Underground (U Bahn) stops are marked with a blue U.
Tickets may be purchased from vending machines on trams and underground trains and at stations, or from approximately 130 ticket offices in Bonn. On buses, tickets may also be purchased from the driver. The municipal authorities' customer centre in the lower level of Bonn's main railway station can provide information on the public transport system. You can obtain single tickets, multiple travel tickets, weekly tickets and monthly tickets as well as a large variety of special offer tickets such as 24-hour ticket (24-Stunden-Karte), mini group ticket, 3-day ticket and Junior ticket. The Welcome-Card is a wonderful way to see the sights of the city for one great price. This ticket allows access to over 40 attractions, free entrance to over 20 museums, and unlimited use of the public transport system in Bonn, Cologne and the Rhein-Sieg district. A one person day card is available for EUR 12,30. A family day card (for two adults and up to four children aged 16 and under) costs EUR 16,40. A three-day card for individuals and families costs EUR 23,50 and is without a doubt the best buy. The Welcome-Card is not only available at ticket machines and agencies, but can also be purchased from hotels, museums and ferry companies, as well as at regional tourist information offices. Tickets must be validated by inserting them in the yellow time-stampers in all buses, trams and underground trains. Single tickets, 24-hour tickets, mini group tickets and 3-day tickets obtained from vending machines are already validated. Public transport in Germany operates on a system of trust, however periodic spot checks are made. The fine for travelling without a valid ticket is EUR 30.
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
I. Выберите правильный вариант.
1. Pupils (must, can, may, are able to) behave themselves at school.
2. (have, may, can, ought) I come in?
3. I (must, should, ought to, can) lift this box – it’s not heavy.
4. Why didn’t you meet me? You (can, must, had to, were to) have met me at 4 sharp.
5. Parents (can, may, must, need) take care of their children.
6. You (may not, shouldn’t, don’t have to, needn’t) touch the exhibits in the museum.
7. There was a great fire last night but fortunately all the people (could, had to, were to, should) escape.
8. Students (must, can, may, are able to) do their homework.
9. (have, may, can, ought) I take your map?
10. I (must, should, ought to, can) make this phone call – I have nothing to do anyway.
11. I (mustn’t, can’t, couldn’t, didn’t have to) book the hotel – I (could, had to, should, must) just come and check in.
12. Why didn’t you meet me? – I (can, must, had to, were to) be somewhere else, sorry.
13. Tour guides (can, may, must, need) take care of their groups from beginning to end.
14. You (can, must, had to, were to) be here at 9. Why are you so late?
15. You (may, shouldn’t, don’t have to, needn’t) raise your voice at people.
I. Выберите правильный вариант.
1. This book is very (boring, bored).
2. Monotonous work is (tiring, tired).
3. It makes me (frustrating, frustrated) when I have to repeat the same things twice.
4. The house (building, built) opposite ours is ugly.
5. He bought a book (containing, contained) a lot of useful information on my report.
6. This film is very (interesting, interested).
7. This person is really (tiring, tired).
8. It makes me (annoying, annoyed) when I have to do monotonous work.
9. The hotel (building, built) last year is ugly.
10. The police found the picture (hiding, hidden) in the attic.
11. The story (telling, told) by the guide scared the tourists.
12. She stood up (smiling, smiled) and greeted him.
13. She showed me a book (writing, written) in 1923.
14. This was a tour (containing, contained) a lot of useful information on my project.
15. The old lady was watching the children (packing, packed) their belongings.
II. Объедините предложения, используя Participle I (Simple/Perfect).
1. He saw me. He smiled happily.
2. Jessica entered the room. Then she looked around.
3. They found the treasure. They started quarrelling about how to divide it.
4. He missed the last train. He had to take a taxi.
5. I didn’t like to sit down. I knew the grass was very wet.
6. We visited the British Museum. We decided to have lunch.
7. She didn’t want to hear the story again. She had heard it before.
8. I turned on the light. I was astonished at what I saw.
9. We reached the river. We decided to stay there and wait for the others.
10. Mary got on the bus. Then she looked around.
11. Jess fed the cat. Then he switched on the TV.
12. We missed the last bus. We had to walk.
13. We visited the Tate Gallery. Then we decided to go somewhere else.
14. I turned off the light. I got scared of something in the dark.
15. We reached the destination. We decided to search for a hotel.
III. Объедините предложения, используя Infinitive.
1. The text was difficult. I couldn’t understand it.
2. We met him in the street at about midnight. It was strange.
3. He is clever. He can answer the question.
4. He realized the danger. He was the only one who did it.
5. You aren’t very old. You can’t understand this.
6. I was terrified. I couldn’t move.
7. The text was boring. I couldn’t finish it.
8. We saw him in Harlem. It was strange.
9. He is young. He cannot get married.
10. He opened the door. He intended to let the cat in.
11. She put away the book when it got dark. She didn’t want to spoil her eyesight.
12. He came on time. He was the only one who did it.
13. You aren’t very busy. You can help me.
14. I am buying a map. I want to find my hotel.
15. He rushed out of the room. He wanted to stay alone.
ПЛАН РАБОТЫ
по английскому языку
для студентов ОЗО географического факультета
специальности "Туризм и гостеприимство"
4 семестр 8 часов
|Кол-во | | |
|часов |Лексический материал |Грамматический материал |
|2 |Selecting Locations |Relative Clauses |
|2 |Careers in Tourism |Phrasal Verbs |
|2 |Tourist Information Centers |Subjunctive Mood |
|2 |Business Travel |Wish- sentences |
Литература:
1. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть І. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
2. Практическая грамматика английского языка для среднего и продвинутого уровней. Под ред. Л.М. Лещёвой. Часть ІІ. – Минск: Акад. упр. при Президенте Респ. Беларусь, 2004.
3. Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part I) / В.Н. Христорождественская. – Минск,1998.
4. Христорождественская, В.Н. Intermediate English Grammar (part II) / В.Н. Христорождественская – Минск,1998.
5. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Course Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
6. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Work Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
7. Jacob, Miriam, Strutt, Peter English for International Tourism (Upper-Intermediate Level) Teacher’s Book/ Miriam Jacob, Peter Strutt. – Oxford University Press, 2002.
8. Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use / Raymond Murphy. – Cambridge University Press, 1997.
9. Королёва, Н.Е. Английский язык: сервис и туризм. English for Tourism: учебное пособие / Н.Е. Королёва, Э.З Баргесян, А.М. Сербиновская. – изд. 3-е. – Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2008. – 407, [1] с. – (Высшее образование).
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