CHAPTER 7



CHAPTER 7

Emergency Situations and Injury Assessment

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. How far must the sternum be depressed in an adult to perform cardiopulmonary

M, A resuscitation (CPR) effectively?

(184) A. 1/2 to 1 inch C. 1 1/2 to 2 inches

B. 1 to 1 1/2 inches D. 2 to 2 1/2 inches

2. Which of these is not a symptom of shock?

M, K A. Athletes pulse rate is very slow.

(189) B. Athlete may appear sluggish or exceptionally drows.y

C. Respirations are shallow and rapid.

D. Skin is ashen and clammy.

3. When assessing a potentially unconscious athlete, the first action that must be

M, A taken is to:

(178) A. roll the athlete onto his back.

B. stop any bleeding that may be severe.

C. determine the level of consciousness and unresponsiveness.

D. check the athlete’s carotid pulse.

4. When performing chest compressions on an adult, where does the rescuer place

M, A the heel of the hand?

(183) A. Four fingers inferior to the xiphiod process

B. On the xiphoid process

C. On the center of the sternum

D. One to two fingers above the lower end of the sternum

5. The first step to establish unresponsiveness of an athlete is to:

E, A A. determine whether he/she is breathing normally.

(179) B. roll the upper eyelid back and check for pupil dilation.

C. gently tap his/her shoulder and ask, “Are you OK?”.

D. check the carotid pulse.

6. In transporting an athlete with a suspected spinal or pelvic injury you should:

E, A A. carry the athlete with the help of three assistants, one supporting

(199) each leg and the third supporting the trunk as you support the head and

neck.

B. use ambulatory aid.

C. use manual conveyance.

D. use a spine board and move under medical direction.

7. In carrying out cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the first step to ensure the

M, A athlete’s airway is open is to:

(181) A. strike the athlete sharply on the back between the shoulders.

B. properly position the athlete’s chin.

C. listen to the chest for breathing sounds.

D. None of the above

8. A red skin color on a light-colored individual may indicate:

D, K A. shock or fright.

(191) B. heatstroke, high blood pressure, or elevated temperature.

C. hemorrhage, heat exhaustion, or insulin shock.

D. airway obstruction or respiratory insufficiency.

9. An unconscious athlete who has a feeble and irregular pulse, has breathing that

D, K is shallow and irregular, is pale and cold, and has equal pupils may be suffering

(189) from:

A. a fainting spell. C. shock.

B. sunstroke. D. a grand mal seizure.

10. In an effort to accurately assess the extent of a musculoskeletal injury, what is

E, K the first step that should be taken?

(194) A. Palpation C. History

B. Observation D. Special Tests

11. After a quick on-site injury inspection and evaluation, the coach must make

E, A what decision?

(193) A. Seriousness of the injury and type of first aid necessary

B. Need for immediate referral to a physician for further care

C. Manner of transportation from the injury site

D. All of the above

12. The most common cause of airway obstruction for an unconscious athlete is from:

E, K A. mouth guards. C. dislodged dental work.

(184) B. the tongue. D. gum and chewing tobacco.

13. What is the normal pulse and respiratory rate for an adult?

E, K A. 60-80 beats/min, 12 breaths/min

(191) B. 60-100 beats/min, 15 breaths/min

C. 80-100 beats/min, 20 breaths/min

D. 60-80 beats/min, 20 breaths/min

14.Which of the following is most important in controlling swelling?

M, K A. Rest C. Compression

(197) B. Ice D. Elevation

15. Cold application has been shown to do all of the following except:

M, A A. decrease cell metabolic rate.

(195) B. slow nerve transmission.

C. increase the amount of exudate.

D. decrease blood flow to the injured area.

16. Which of the following ice treatments should not be directly applied to the

M, A skin of a fair-complexioned individual?

(196) A. Ice towels C. Ice cups

B. Ice packs D. Frozen gel packs

17. Fractures of the shoulder complex should be immobilized using:

M, A A. an air splint. C. a sling and swathe.

(199) B. a sling. D. a swathe.

18. In transporting an athlete by stretcher, how many people will be needed to

M, A adequately support the athlete?

(200) A. 2 C. 4

B. 3 D. 5

19. When ambulating with a single crutch or cane, which side of the body should the D, A aid be placed on?

(204) A. Injured side C. Uninjured side

B. Dominant side D. Non-dominate side

20. When one is controlling external bleeding, what is the sequence of events?

E, A A. Direct pressure is applied on pressure points and then the body part is (188) elevated.

B. Elevate the body part then apply direct pressure over the wound.

C. Apply pressure on the artery supplying the area with blood and elevate

above the heart.

D. Apply direct pressure over the wound and elevate the body part.

21.Which ambulatory aid is best when moving a mildly injured athlete from

E, A the field?

(202) A. Cane

B. Crutches

C. Manual Conveyance

D. Stretcher

22. After an injury acute management should be done for how many hours?

M, A A. 24 C. 36

(195) B. 48 D. 72

23.Which of the following splints is best suited for an injury in which the body part is

M, A angulated?

(198) A. Air splint C. Sling

B. Vacuum Splint D. Spine board

24. Which of the following tools has been found to be effective for the removal of a

M, K facemask?

(180) A. Electric screwdriver C. Anvil pruner

B. Bolt cutter D. Paramedic scissors

TRUE/FALSE

25. To open the victim’s airway, lift up his/her chin or his/her neck and force the

M, A chin down.

(181)

26. When an injured person is not breathing, cardiac compressions should be started

M, A immediately.

(182)

27. The proper ratio of compressions to breaths for a single rescuer is 15

M, K compressions to 2 ventilations.

(184)

28. With a suspected neck fracture, open the airway by using a modified jaw thrust,

M, A keeping the victim’s head in a fixed neutral position.

(181)

29. One performs the standing abdominal thrust technique for a conscious person by

M, A placing the thumb side of the grasped fist immediately below the xiphoid process

(185) of the victim’s sternum.

30. For an athlete who has become unconscious and has an airway obstruction, you M, A want to straddle the victim and push into his/her chest five times.

(185)

31. Inflatable plastic splints are not particularly suitable for use above the knee.

M, K

(199)

F 32. A venous hemorrhage is characterized by a rapid flow of blood escaping in

E, K rhythmic spurts.

(187)

33. Shock occurs when there is a diminished amount of blood available to the

M, K circulatory system.

(189)

34. A rapid, strong pulse may indicate shock, bleeding, diabetic coma, or heat

M, K exhaustion.

(191)

35. When checking pupils, their response to light is more crucial than their size.

M, A

(191)

36. Swelling of an injured part is reduced by elevation of the part above the level

E, K of the heart. This reduces bleeding and encourages venous return.

(197)

37. In treating for shock, one should always elevate the feet 12 to 16 inches

M, A from the floor.

(190)

38. The primary survey refers to the inspection and evaluation given after the ABC’s

M, K have been assessed.

(179)

39. A horseshoe pad may be placed around the malleolus in combination with an

E, A elastic wrap and tape to prevent or reduce ankle edema.

(197)

40. If an athlete is prone, not breathing, and you suspect a spinal cord injury, log roll

M, A the athlete onto their back and perform rescue breathing.

(178)

41. A minor with a life threatening injury cannot be treated in any way until a parent

M, A arrives to give consent.

(176)

42. In treating an individual for shock, one must not give them anything by mouth

M, A until a physician has determined that no surgical intervention is indicated.

(190)

43. It is always advisable to remove an athlete’s helmet in case an airway problem

E, A develops.

(180)

44. When fitting an athlete with crutches it is necessary to place the arm pads

M, A into the axilla for proper stabilization while walking.

(203)

45. When treating acute injuries the primary goal initially is to tape the athlete for

E, A support and return them to participation.

(194)

46. Compression should be continuously applied, even throughout the night while the

M, A athlete is sleeping.

(197)

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