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Internet of things

The New Government to Business Platform

A review of opportunities, practices, and challenges

? 2017 The World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: All rights reserved.

This volume is a product of the staff of the World Bank Group. The World Bank Group refers to the member institutions of the World Bank Group: The World Bank (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development); International Finance Corporation (IFC); and Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), which are separate and distinct legal entities each organized under its respective Articles of Agreement. We encourage use for educational and non-commercial purposes.

The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Directors or Executive Directors of the respective institutions of the World Bank Group or the governments they represent. The World Bank Group does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work.

Rights and Permissions This work is product of the staff of the World bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waive of the privileges and immunities of the World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.

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Table of contents

Acknowledgments 4

Executive Summary 7 IoT in Action (Main Findings) 9 The IoT Toolkit ? What Governments Can Do 11 Leadership/Policy 11 Strategy and Implementation 12 Capacity and Engagement 13

A Note on the Methodology 13

Introduction & Methodology 15 Background 15 Study Approach 16 Jurisdictional Scan 16 Literature Survey 17 Marketplace Survey 17

What Is Internet of Things? 21 Elements of an IoT System 21 Sensors 21 Networks (or Connection Technologies) 21 Analytics 22

The Analog Components of IoT 22 IoT Challenges 22 Technology 22 Privacy and Security 23 Interoperability of IoT Systems 23 Market Readiness 23 Reliability 23

IoT on the Ground 27 United Kingdom 29 Milton Keynes 32 Bristol 34

Germany 37 Hamburg Port 39

Ludwigsburg 41 Mannheim 43 Reutlingen 45

Estonia 47 Kazakhstan (Astana) 51 Canada 55 Mississauga 57 Ontario Tire Stewardship (OTS) 59 Ontario - Technical Standards and Safety Authority 61

United States of America 63 Japan (Kobe City) 64 United Arab Emirates (Dubai) 66 India (Rajkot) 67

Recommendations and Toolkit for Governments 73 Leadership/Policy 73 Proactive Policy 73 Vision/Strategy Alignment 74

Strategy and Implementation 74 Sandboxes to Test Policy/Technology 74 Public-Private Partnerships and Platforms 75 Independent Coordinators 75 Local Business Models 76 Develop Infrastructure for IoT 76

Capacity and Engagement 76 Engagement, Awareness, and Trust-Building 76 Develop IoT Capacity Within and Outside Government 76 Standardization 77

Looking Ahead 81

Bibliography 83

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APPENDIX A. IoT Questionnaire 91 APPENDIX B. IOT Systems, Platforms, and Applications 95 APPENDIX C. IOT Standards and Consortia 101 APPENDIX D. IoT in Social Media, Social Groups, Meeting Groups, Alliances 103 APPENDIX E. Additional Notes on IoT in Government 105

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Acknowledgments

This publication was funded by a data innovation grant from the Trust Fund for Statistical Capacity Building (TFSCB), a multidonor trust fund managed by the Development Economics Data Group (DECDG) at the World Bank. The Innovations in Development Data (IDD) pilot window of TFSCB supports testing and scaling of new approaches, technology, and collaboration for more effective and efficient data collection, management, and use to build the capacity of government agencies, and other development stakeholders, to monitor and accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Several people provided input and contributed to the report. At the World Bank, the project was led by Prasanna Lal Das. Srikanth Mangalam, Public Sector Innovation Specialist, was the lead consultant. Dr. Mehmet Yuce, Professor at Monash University, Australia was the subject

matter expert on IoT. Nexleaf Analytics, a not-for-profit firm in California, USA, undertook a marketplace survey. Stefan Beisswenger and Asset Bizhen provided local knowledge and expertise from Germany and Kazakhstan. Jeevan Mohanty provided information on the current work in India. The project team would also like to thank Yeraly Beksultan in Kazakhstan for his feedback and input. Maja Andjelkovic, Carlo Maria Rossotto, Syed A. Mahmood, and Trevor Monroe were the peer reviewers of the report. Ganesh Rasagam and Dahlia Khalifa provided overall guidance. Alla Morrison and Grant James Cameron served as the liaison with TFSCB.

The authors of the report would like to also acknowledge the significant contribution of experts and practitioners (listed in the table below) from outside the World Bank who provided input to the report.

Name Shawn Slack Sven Tretrop Wilson Lee Roger Neate Andrew Horseman Carmelina Macario Mary Cummins Mohammed Abdulla Shael AlSaadi Siim Sikkut

Anna Piperal Doris Pold Peep Poldsamm Margus P??a Uuno Vallner Alanus von Radecki Steffen Braun

Nora Fanderl Constanze Heydkamp Petra Steffens Mike Weber Jens Tiemann Inka Woyke Christine Brockmann Thomas Langkabel Christian Hammel

Organization City of Mississauga City of Mississauga Technical Standards and Safety Authority Technical Standards and Safety Authority Ontario Tire Stewardship Resource Productivity and Recovery Authority Resource Productivity and Recovery Authority City of Dubai Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communication (Government of Estonia) e-Estonia e-Estonia Estonian IoT Association Estonia e-Governance Academy Estonia e-Governance Academy Fraunhofer Institute Fraunhofer Institute

Fraunhofer Institute Fraunhofer Institute Fraunhofer Institute Fraunhofer Institute Fraunhofer Institute Fraunhofer Institute Rhine Neckar Metro Initiative D21 and Microsoft Germany Technologiestiftung Berlin

City/Country Canada/ Mississauga Canada/ Mississauga Canada/ Toronto Canada/ Toronto Canada/ Toronto Canada/ Toronto Canada/ Toronto Dubai/ United Arab Emirates Estonia

Estonia Estonia Estonia Estonia Estonia Germany Germany

Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany/ Berlin

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Name Andrea Brauning Georg Pins Nina Kruppenbacher Banchhanidhi Pani Taisuke Matsuzaki Stephen Ullathorne Adrian Webb

Helen Mainstone

Amy Taylor Idris Jahn Matthew Fox Tom Leaver

Isabella Myers Lorraine Hudson

Theo Tryfonas Rebecca di Corpo Sophie Ross-Smith Nina Purcell

Kevin O'Malley Penny Evans Geoff Snelson Vijay Sankaran V. K. Shankar Sundip Doshi Olzhas Sartayev

Zhanat Dubirova Olexand Chuprina Bakhytzhan Ualikhan Aktore Barlybayev Azat Kudaibergenov Tursyngali Zhakenov Esenaliyev Anuarbek Arsen Kozhanov Alzhan Abdrakhmanov Baysatov Yerbol Rinat Ramazanovich Miras Maratovich

Kairat Akhmetov Asset Issekeshev Malika Bekturova Serik Kurmanov Tangul Abdrazakova Vladimir Turekhanov Kurmangaliyeva Bikesh Darovna Arman Doskaliyev Chief (or deputy) physician Ivan Urievich Orakbay Nurlan Kalabayevich Ingundinov Nurlan

Organization City of Ludwigsburg City of Mannheim City of Mannheim City of Rajkot Kobe City Gas Tag Gas Tag

City/Country Germany/ Ludwigsburg Germany/ Mannheim Germany/ Mannheim India/ Rajkot Japan/ Kobe City United Kingdom United Kingdom

Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (Government of U.K.) Digital Catapult Digital Catapult Future Cities Catapult Future Cities Catapult

United Kingdom

United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom

Independent Consultant The Open University

United Kingdom United Kingdom

University of Bristol University of Bristol University of Bristol United Kingdom Food Standards Agency (Government of U.K.) Bristol City Council Knowle West Media Centre City of Milton Keynes IBM Intel Corporation AerNos JSC ?Astana Innovations?

United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom

United Kingdom/ Bristol United Kingdom/ Bristol United Kingdom/ Milton Keynes United States of America United States of America United States of America Kazakhstan

Department of Information Technologies of Astana Astana Passenger Transport Office Astana Energy Department Department of Public Utilities of Astana JSC ?National Infocommunication Holding ?Zerde? Astana City Construction Management Housing Inspectorate of Astana Management of natural resources and regulation of nature management in the city of Astana Korkem Telecom Mayor of Astana Deputy Mayor of Astana JSC ?Kazakhstan Industry Development Institute? JSC ?Kazakhstan Industry Development Institute? Kazakhstan Association of Automation and Robotics JSC ?Kazakhtelecom?

City polyclinic #7 LLP ?Astana Tazartu?

LLP dispatch center of state entity ?Astana Passenger Transport Office?

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