DATE:
|OFM curriculum |Lesson Plan – Portable extinguishers |
|Component - 1 |Prepared by- T.O Karn |
|Section - 13 |Preparation date – Jan 2013 |
|SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS |
| |
|Ensure to wear proper PPE when extinguishing fires |
|Take necessary precautions when pressurizing and re-charging extinguishers |
|Understand concerns relating to the use of pressurized cylinders |
|LEARNING OUTCOME(S): The learner will be able to: |
|Describe the types of extinguishing agents |
|Describe the classification system for port. extinguishers |
|Describe method of propulsion |
|Describe types of port extinguishers used by the fire service and the class each one is designed for |
|Describe characteristics of each type of extinguisher |
|Identify hazards of using port extinguishers |
|Describe procedures for inspecting, maintaining and storing equip. |
|Describe procedure for selecting and using appropriate extinguisher for specific type of fire |
|Describe re-charge procedures |
|INTRODUCTION: |ESTIMATED TIME: |
| |
|It is part of the firefighters responsibility to be able to recognize, select and recommend the fire extinguisher best suited for the condition. It |
|is also important that the firefighter knows the fundamentals of fire classifications and extinguishment. The firefighter musty have comprehensive |
|knowledge of the characteristics of extinguishers to enable him or her to use them to the best advantage and to properly service, maintain and |
|operate them. |
|APPLICABLE SECTION 21 GUIDANCE NOTES & SAFETY NOTE |
| |
|Remember as the T/F you are a supervisor for this work period and will observe and enforce all appropriate health and safety measures for you lesson |
|participants. |
| |
|NFPA 1001 |
|NFPA 10 |
|Be sure to add in any of your dept. SOG’s that apply |
|PRESENTATION |ESTIMATED TIME: |
|LESSON OUTLINE |TEACHING AIDS |
|FIRE CLASSIFICATIONS | |
| | |
|A – Ordinary combustibles | |
|B – flammable liquids and gases | |
|C – energized electrical equipment | |
|D – combustible metals | |
| | |
|PORTABLE EXTINGUISHER RATING SYSTEM | |
| | |
|A letter class rating can be found on extinguishers and it refers to the performance capability of | |
|the extinguisher. The letter also correspondes to the fire it is designed to suppress | |
| | |
|Class A Rating – rated from 1-A through 40 – A. this rating denotes the amount of extinguishing | |
|agent, duration and range of dis-charge. For a 1-A rating 5L of water is req’d….a 2-A rating requires| |
|10 L of water, twice as much capacity as a 1-A | |
| | |
|Class B Rating – extinguishers for class b fires are rated from 1-B through 640-B. rating refers to | |
|the amount of fire a non-expert operator should be able to suppress. A non – expert operator is | |
|expected to be able to suppress 1 square foot of fire for each numerical rating. |Example: rating of 10-B would suppress 10 |
| |square ft of fire. |
|Class C Rating – There is no specific rating for class C fires because electricity doesn’t burn. The | |
|fire usually involved class A and B materials. The C class simply identifies that the ext. agent will| |
|not conduct electricity | |
| | |
|EXTINGUISHER IDENTIFICATION / CHARACTERISTICS | |
| | |
|There are numerous types of extinguishers used in the fire service. The following are the most | |
|common; | |
| | |
|Pump –Tank (water) – used on class A fires, pumped manually by a single or double stag pump, usually | |
|contain a short hose and nozzle, 30 – 40 ft reach. Units are refilled quickly and easily. Mostly seen| |
|as a back-pack style for wildland and grass fires | |
| | |
|Stored Pressure Water - used on class A fires, hand carried extinguisher, air pressurized and ready | |
|for discharge, may have class A foam added to the water, 30 -40 ft reach. A gauge on the side shows | |
|when the extinguisher is properly pressurized | |
| | |
|Stored Pressure AFFF – used on class A and B fires, 30 – 40 ft reach, hand held extinguisher, air | |
|pressurized and ready for discharge, contain a gauge to ensure proper pressure, specific amount of | |
|foam added. Useful for combating fires or suppressing vapours from small liquid fuel spills. AFFF are| |
|different than stored water extinguishers in that they often have an air aspirating nozzle on the end| |
|of the hose to produce a higher quality foam rather than a standard nozzle. | |
| | |
|Dry Chemical – classed for use on B and C fires or A B C fires, may be stored pressure or a cartridge| |
|style unit (unit is pressurized once the cartridge is activated). A variety of agents are used inside|Ensure the gauge is checked for proper pressure|
|the extinguisher including; sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, potassium | |
|chloride | |
| | |
|CO2 – used on class B C fires, internal pressure stores liquefied CO2 untill exerted, CO2 is | |
|extremely cold when expelled. CO2 displaces the oxygen and suppresses the fire, however because the | |
|CO2 disperses quickly there is a chance of re-ignition. The reach of this extinguisher is low | |
| | |
|Dry Powder – used on class D fires, may be hand carried or wheeled cart style, main ingredient is | |
|sodium chloride. Oftem found stored in bulk | |
| | |
|Type K – used on type K fires which includes class B fires (generally combustible cooking oils). | |
|Designed primarily for kitchen use, hand carried extinguisher. Extinguisher suppresses vapours and | |
|smothers fire. | |
| | |
|EXTINGUISHMENT | |
| | |
|Selecting the proper extinguisher depends on a number of factors; |Dry Powder is often confused with Dry Chemical.|
|Classification of the burning fuel |These are 2 different style extinguishers with |
|Rating of the extinguisher |similar names |
|Hazards to be protected | |
|Size of the fire | |
|Ease of handling the extinguisher | |
|Availability of trained personnel | |
| | |
|PASS Method of application | |
| | |
|All modern fire extinguishers are operated in a similar way. Extinguishers do not have to be inverted| |
|to operate. Simply pick-up the extinguisher and take it to the area it is needed. Follow the PASS | |
|method to use the extinguisher. | |
|P – pull the pin ( this will also break the seal) | |
|A - aim the nozzle | |
|S – squeeze the handles together to release agent | |
|S – sweep the nozzle back and forth to cover the burning material | |
| | |
|Note: be sure the extinguisher will reach the fire or the agent will be wasted, however standing to | |
|close may scatter burning materials or liquids. | |
|Always wear appropriate PPE | |
|Approach the fire from upwind | |
|Test the ext. before approaching the fire | |
|Ensure extinguishment and back away | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE | |
| | |
|Extinguishers need to be inpected and maintained on a regular basis. The following are items to be | |
|inspected and the intervals at which the inspections should be completed. | |
| | |
|Monthly Inspections - these inspections should include | |
|Ensure hose and nozzle are clear from obstructions | |
|Inspect for any physical damage | |
|Ensure nameplate and instructions on its use are legible | |
|Ensure locking pin and seal are in place | |
|Determine if extinguisher is full by checking gauge | |
|Check inspection tag | |
|Check condition of hose for cracks and/or defects | |
| | |
|Hydrostatic test requirements | |
| | |
|Dry Chemical – dump, clean, visually inspect and re-charge – every 6 yrs | |
|Full hydrostatic test every 12 yrs | |
| |Remove the extinguisher from service if any of |
|Water – Hydrostatic test every 5 yrs |these defects are found |
| | |
|Water with Foam Added – Hydrostatic test every 5 yrs | |
|- dump and clean extinguisher yearly | |
| | |
|CO2 - Hydrostatic test every 5 yrs | |
| | |
|Monthly inspections can be performed by anyone who has the training and knowledge. This may include | |
|any member of the fire dept. or organization. Hydrostatic tests must be completed by an approved | |
|testing contractor | |
| |Test req. for extinguishers are listed in |
| |NFPA-10 |
|SUMMARY: |TEACHING AIDS |
| | |
|In many cases portable extinguishers can control and extinguish small fires in less time that it | |
|takes to deploy a hoseline. Although extinguishers are found in many homes and business you should | |
|only rely on the ones that you carry on your own fire apparatus. | |
|APPLICATION & TEST: |ESTIMATED TIME: |
| | |
|ASSIGNMENT: |
| |
|Refer to OFM curriculum sect 13 performance demo. for practical evaluation |
|REFERENCE MATERIALS: |TRAINING AIDS REQUIRED: |
| | |
|IFSTA Essentials 5th Ed. ch 6 |Various dept. extinguishers to demo inpection procedures |
|OFM curriculum section 13 TF Guide |Fire extinguisher demo. unit for practical suppression training |
|NFPA 1001 |Air compressor to demo. re-charge procedure for water extinguishers |
|NFPA 10 | |
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