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Python sort list of dictionaries alphabetically

In this example, we illustrate how words can be sorted lexicographically (alphabetic order). Source Code # Program to sort alphabetically the words form a string provided by the user my_str = "Hello this Is an Example With cased letters" # To take input from the user #my_str = input("Enter a string: ") # breakdown the string into a list of words words = [word.lower() for word in my_str.split()] # sort the list words.sort() # display the sorted words print("The sorted words are:") for word in words: print(word) Output The sorted words are: an cased example hello is letters this with Note: To test the program, change the value of my_str. In this program, we store the string to be sorted in my_str. Using the split() method the string is converted into a list of words. The split() method splits the string at whitespaces. The list of words is then sorted using the sort() method, and all the words are displayed. List objects have a sort() method that will sort the list alphanumerically, ascending, by default: Sort the list alphabetically: thislist = ["orange", "mango", "kiwi", "pineapple", "banana"]thislist.sort() print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? Sort the list numerically: thislist = [100, 50, 65, 82, 23]thislist.sort() print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? Sort Descending To sort descending, use the keyword argument reverse = True: Sort the list descending: thislist = ["orange", "mango", "kiwi", "pineapple", "banana"]thislist.sort(reverse = True) print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? Sort the list descending: thislist = [100, 50, 65, 82, 23]thislist.sort(reverse = True) print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? Customize Sort Function You can also customize your own function by using the keyword argument key = function. The function will return a number that will be used to sort the list (the lowest number first): Sort the list based on how close the number is to 50: def myfunc(n): return abs(n - 50)thislist = [100, 50, 65, 82, 23]thislist.sort(key = myfunc)print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? Case Insensitive Sort By default the sort() method is case sensitive, resulting in all capital letters being sorted before lower case letters: Case sensitive sorting can give an unexpected result: thislist = ["banana", "Orange", "Kiwi", "cherry"]thislist.sort()print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? Luckily we can use built-in functions as key functions when sorting a list. So if you want a case-insensitive sort function, use str.lower as a key function: Perform a case-insensitive sort of the list: thislist = ["banana", "Orange", "Kiwi", "cherry"]thislist.sort(key = str.lower)print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? Reverse Order What if you want to reverse the order of a list, regardless of the alphabet? The reverse() method reverses the current sorting order of the elements. Reverse the order of the list items: thislist = ["banana", "Orange", "Kiwi", "cherry"]thislist.reverse()print(thislist) Try it Yourself ? List Methods Sort the list alphabetically: cars = ['Ford', 'BMW', 'Volvo'] cars.sort() Try it Yourself ? Definition and Usage The sort() method sorts the list ascending by default. You can also make a function to decide the sorting criteria(s). Syntax list.sort(reverse=True|False, key=myFunc) Parameter Values Parameter Description reverse Optional. reverse=True will sort the list descending. Default is reverse=False key Optional. A function to specify the sorting criteria(s) More Examples Sort the list descending: cars = ['Ford', 'BMW', 'Volvo'] cars.sort(reverse=True) Try it Yourself ? Sort the list by the length of the values: # A function that returns the length of the value:def myFunc(e): return len(e) cars = ['Ford', 'Mitsubishi', 'BMW', 'VW'] cars.sort(key=myFunc) Try it Yourself ? Sort a list of dictionaries based on the "year" value of the dictionaries: # A function that returns the 'year' value:def myFunc(e): return e['year']cars = [ {'car': 'Ford', 'year': 2005}, {'car': 'Mitsubishi', 'year': 2000}, {'car': 'BMW', 'year': 2019}, {'car': 'VW', 'year': 2011}]cars.sort(key=myFunc) Try it Yourself ? Sort the list by the length of the values and reversed: # A function that returns the length of the value:def myFunc(e): return len(e) cars = ['Ford', 'Mitsubishi', 'BMW', 'VW'] cars.sort(reverse=True, key=myFunc) Try it Yourself ? List Methods Before we dive into our discussion about lists and dictionaries in Python, we'll define both data structures. While we're at it, it may be helpful to think of them as daily to-do lists and ordinary school dictionaries, respectively.A list is a mutable, ordered sequence of items. As such, it can be indexed, sliced, and changed. Each element can be accessed using its position in the list. The same applies to your agenda, where you can modify the order in which you do things and even reschedule a number of tasks for the next day if needed.A dictionary is a mutable, unordered set of key-value pairs where each key must be unique. To access a given element, we must refer to it by using its key, much like you would look up a word in a school dictionary.With these concepts in mind, let's review some of the available properties and methods of lists and dictionaries in Python. Although we do not intend to cover all of them, the following sections will give us a glimpse of what we can accomplish by using these data structures in this series.In Python, dictionaries are written using curly brackets. Each key-value pair (also known as an element) is separated from the next with a comma. To illustrate, let's consider the following dictionary:1 player = { 'firstName': 'Jabari', 'lastName': 'Parker', 'jersey': '2', 'heightMeters': '2.03', 'nbaDebutYear': '2014' }where the keys are firstName, lastName, jersey, heightMeters, and nbaDebutYear. To access the value associated with any of them, we will use the following syntax:1 2 3 4 5 player['firstName'] player['lastName'] player['jersey'] player['heightMeters'] player['nbaDebutYear']Fig. 1 shows the output of the above statements:However, if we attempt to access an element through a key that does not exist, we will run into a KeyError message. To address that scenario, we can use the .get() method. It takes a key as first argument and allows us to specify a fallback value if such key does not exist, as shown in Fig. 2:1 2 player['weightKilograms'] player.get('weightKilograms', '0.0')Of course, we can add that key and its corresponding value as a new element to the dictionary. To do that, we will use the .update() method as follows:1 player.update({'weightKilograms': '111.1'})Additionally, it is possible to update the value of a given key using an assignment operator:1 player['jersey'] = '12'Let's see in Fig. 3 what our dictionary now looks like:Dictionaries allow all kinds of data types as values, as we will learn towards the end of this guide, including lists and other dictionaries!In Python, lists are written with square brackets. Although it can consist of different data types, a list will typically include only items of the same kind. In other words,1 myList = [1, 'hello', 2.35, True]is syntactically valid but not very useful, as you can imagine. On the other hand,1 prices = [1.35, 2.99, 10.5, 0.66]makes much more sense. To access any of the list elements, we can use its index:1 2 3 4 prices[0] prices[1] prices[2] prices[3]Python lists are zero-indexed. Thus, the first element is at position 0, the second is at position 1, the third is at position 2, and so on. Also, the last item is considered to be at position -1.The most common operation is to add a new element to the end of the list with the .append() method:1 prices.append(3.49)Likewise, it is also possible to insert an item at a given position (see Fig. 4):1 prices.insert(2, 12.49)Another built-in method, .sort(), allows us to sort the items in the list either numerically, alphabetically, or by passing a custom function to the key parameter, as can be seen in Fig. 5. To illustrate, let's use prices and a new list called products:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 prices.sort() print(prices) prices.sort(reverse=True) print(prices) products = ['Ball', 'Book', 'Chess set', 'Crayons', 'Doll', 'Play-Doh'] def product_len(product): return len(product) products.sort(key = product_len) print(products) products.sort(reverse = True, key = product_len) print(products)By default, .sort() operates in ascending order.Lists can also be sliced, which means we can take portions (including the lower but not the upper limit) as shown in Fig. 6:From the first element up to a given position: products[:3]From a given position until the last element: products[2:]Between two given positions in the list: products[2:4]The real power of Python lists can be better appreciated when we use them to store more complex data structures than integers, floats, or strings. A list of dictionaries is a great example.Let's create a few more dictionaries with information about other basketball players:1 2 3 new_player1 = { 'firstName': 'LaMarcus', 'lastName': 'Aldridge', 'jersey': '12', 'heightMeters': '2.11', 'nbaDebutYear': '2006', 'weightKilograms': '117.9'} new_player2 = { 'firstName': 'LeBron', 'lastName': 'James', 'jersey': '2', 'heightMeters': '2.03', 'nbaDebutYear': '2003', 'weightKilograms': '113.4' } new_player3 = { 'firstName': 'Kawhi', 'lastName': 'Leonard', 'jersey': '2', 'heightMeters': '2.01', 'nbaDebutYear': '2011', 'weightKilograms': '104.3' }Now we can add these dictionaries, along with the one that we used in the first example of this guide, to a list called nba_players (which is empty at first):1 2 3 4 5 nba_players = [] nba_players.append(player) nba_players.append(new_player1) nba_players.append(new_player2) nba_players.append(new_player3)Let's now inspect nba_players:1 print(nba_players)The entire list may not be easy to read, so the methods we described previously also apply in this case. Here are some examples:Numbers of players in nba_players: len(nba_players)First player in the list: nba_players[0]The last two: nba_players[-2:]Since each element in the list is a dictionary, we can access each player's NBA debut year and use it to sort the list (see Fig. 7):1 2 3 4 5 def get_nba_debut_year(player): return int(player['nbaDebutYear']) nba_players.sort(key = get_nba_debut_year) print(nba_players)

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