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Space Exploration Work File Light At the resource site, please take time to click the links that give definitions to terms. There is valuable information there. You will also be asked to check out the sections called Light Facts and Brain Teasers. Make sure that you go into these sections as requested. One more thing: When you see a graphic with a tab at the top labeled “Activate” or “Watch This,” click it to put the animation in motion. Let’s get started. On page 1: 1. Click the “Activate” and describe what happens when white light from the sun is passed through the prism? Click the Next Button: 2. Click the link to the definition of a wave (green word). How is it defined? 3. Where can we find waves? 4. What is one commonality between waves no matter what kind of wave or what medium they travel through? 5. In the “Light Facts” section on this page, read and find out what the difference is between the travel requirements for light waves as opposed to the travel requirements for water and sound waves. What is it? 6. Click Next. Electromagnetic radiation, such as light, occurs in different wavelengths. The wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation (ER) is related to the energy of the ER Explore the interactive spectrum. Look at the wavelength of each type of ER and determine the relationship between wavelength and amount of energy. The ___________ the wavelengths; the _____________ the amount of energy. 7. Interestingly we have tools that receive and transmit some of these wavelengths. For each type of ER (click on the oval button with the name) tell what kind of tool uses that type of ER (all but ultraviolet and gamma rays). Click Next. Now we’re into the section that tells us how the different wavelengths of ER are used to study the objects in the universe. The sun is shown as it appears through the lenses of telescopes that receive and interpret that wavelength. Not only can we use these wavelengths to study the sun, but also we can study stars, galaxies, gas clouds, and even black holes. When we use electromagnetic radiation to study the objects in the universe, we call this spectroscopy. 8. When we take pictures of objects with wavelengths of light that our eyes cannot actually see with our eyes, what do we do so that we can “see” them (see comment in radio, ultraviolet, ultraviolet, extreme-ultraviolet, and x-ray)? Click the “Light Facts” button. 9. Explain why we must put some telescopes into orbit to receive various wavelengths of ER and which they are? Go back to the lesson page to the Telescope link. 1. Name the two types of optical telescopes and describe the difference in the way they use visible light to create an image. 2. What is the advantage to the Hubble Space Telescope’s position in space rather than being on earth somewhere? (Think back to the last section.) 3. Which types of telescopes: a. use long wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum? b. use the short wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum? 4. Why do we need to put some of the telescopes that use: a. longer wavelengths either in dry areas on the surface or out in space? b. shorter wavelengths in space? Some Extra Notes for your information: Radio telescopes are used to "listen" to the sounds of space and were used to discover the background noise that can be heard from all directions in space. This is the noise that scientists believe to be the remnants of the initial Big Bang event. Infrared telescopes: Infrared radiation travels through clouds of gas and interstellar dust that may hinder ordinary light. Dust and gases that block the light emitted from them often surround young stars. Using infrared telescopes allows us to see them in the infrared part of the spectrum. The expansion of the universe is also studied using infrared radiation. X-ray telescopes: In space, x-rays are produced when matter is heated to millions of degrees. In places where there are high magnetic fields or extreme gravity, x-rays are produced. X-ray telescopes are designed to collect these wavelengths. With x-ray telescopes, we see such things as super heated clouds of gases and exploding stars. Go back to the lesson page to the Rockets link. 1. As you skim over these events, what three main purposes have rockets been used for? 2. Think about what the rocket does in a space craft; what is their main purpose within the realm of space exploration? Manned Missions, Satellites, and Probes 1. What event in 1957 began the space race between Russia and the United States? 2. What are the limitations of a manned mission into space? (Think about human needs, time required to travel long distances in space etc.) 3. How is the function or role of a satellite different from a probe? ................
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