Map of Ancient Greece - Peekskill City School District
[Pages:9]Map of Ancient Greece
For more information about Ancient Greece, follow the URL to the video, and fast-forward to the 11:40 mark.
Two Greek City States
Location and Populations
Athens
? Named for the goddess Athena
? Goddess of wisdom and knowledge
? Population
? 140,000
? 40,000 slaves
? Most populous in Hellas
Sparta
? Existence dates back to the Neolithic
? 8,000 Spartiates ruled over 100,000 enslaved and semi-enslaved peoples
Two Greek City States
Systems of Rule
Athens
? Direct democracy ? Elected officials
? 10 generals (stragegos) ? Magistrates (archons) ? Council of 500 ? The Assembly
? Open to all (free, male) citizens
Sparta
? Oligarchy
? Rule by a few
? Other elements
? Monarchy
? Two kings
? Republic
? Five elected overseers
? Democracy
? Elected Council/senators
? Aristocracy/nobility
? Rule by the upper class
Two Greek City States
Systems of Rule
Two Greek City States
Social Structure
Athens
? Aristocrats
? Owned large estates ? Cavalry and battleship
captains
? Triremes
? Small farmers
? Middle class
? Thetes
? Lower class
? Metics
? From outside the city ? Not allowed to own land
? Slaves
Sparta
? Spartiates
? Military professionals ? Lived mostly in barracks
? Perioeci
? Means: neighbor ? Artisans, craftsmen,
merchants ? Could not vote
? Helots
? Serfs constantly attacked by Sparta
? Like slaves, but not completely
The Ancient Greek Trireme
For more information about the trireme, go to
kapost/ship.html
Two Greek City States
Lifestyle, values
Athens
? Democratic
? Believed in their cultural superiority
"Further, we provide many ways to refresh the mind from the burdens of business. We hold contests and offer sacrifices all the year round, and the elegance of our private establishments forms a daily source of pleasure and helps to drive away sorrow. The magnitude of our city draws the produce of the world into our harbor, so that to the Athenian the fruits of other countries are as familiar a luxury as those of his own."
Sparta ? Militaristic values
? Children taught to get along with almost nothing, noone.
? Spartiates were not allowed to own luxuries
? Classes were separated ? Spartan mother to her
son:
Either come back with your shield, or on it
Two Greek City States
Treatment of Boys
Athens
? Upper and middle classes
? Education
? Reading, writing and mathematics, music, poetry, sports and gymnastics
? Wealthy were educated through their midtwenties
? Taught philosophy, ethics and rhetoric
? Lower classes
? Education was available but not required
Sparta
? Taken from parents at 7 and trained in warfare
? Training was harsh
? To learn survival skills, they were encouraged to steal their own food
? At 20, they entered higher ranks of military
? At 30, they could marry but remained living in military quarters
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