Exploring Data and Descriptive Statistics (using R)
Data Analysis 101 Workshops
Exploring Data and Descriptive Statistics (using R)
Oscar Torres-Reyna
Data Consultant
otorres@princeton.edu
Agenda...
? What is R ? Transferring data to R ? Excel to R ? Basic data manipulation ? Frequencies ? Crosstabulations ? Scatterplots/Histograms ? Exercise 1: Data from ICPSR using the Online Learning Center. ? Exercise 2: Data from the World Development Indicators & Global Development
Finance from the World Bank
This document is created from the following:
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What is R?
? R is a programming language use for statistical analysis and graphics. It is based S-plus. [see ]
? Multiple datasets open at the same time
? R is offered as open source (i.e. free)
? Download R at
? A dataset is a collection of several pieces of information called variables (usually arranged by columns). A variable can have one or several values (information for one or several cases).
? Other statistical packages are SPSS, SAS and Stata.
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Other data formats...
Features
Stata
SPSS
SAS
R
Data extensions
*.dta
*.sav, *.por (portable file)
*.sas7bcat, *.sas#bcat, *.xpt (xport files)
*.Rdata
User interface Data manipulation Data analysis Graphics
Cost
Program extensions
Output extension
Programming/point-and-click Very strong Powerful Very good
Affordable (perpetual licenses, renew only when
upgrade)
*.do (do-files)
*.log (text file, any word processor can read it), *.smcl (formated log, only
Stata can read it).
Mostly point-and-click Moderate Powerful Very good
Expensive (but not need to renew until upgrade, long
term licenses)
*.sps (syntax files)
*.spo (only SPSS can read it)
Programming Very strong Powerful/versatile
Good Expensive (yearly
renewal)
*.sas
(various formats)
Programming Very strong Powerful/versatile Excellent
Open source
*.txt (log files)
*.R, *.txt(log files, any word
processor can read)
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Stat/Transfer: Transferring data from one format to another (available in the DSS lab) 1) Select the current format of the dataset 2) Browse for the dataset
3) Select "Stata" or the data format you need
4) It will save the file in the same directory as the original but with the appropriate extension (*.dta for Stata)
5) Click on `Transfer'
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