Poetry



Poetry

I. Elements of a poem

A. The art of expressing thoughts and feelings in verse

B. Sounds

1. rhyme - words that sound the same

2. rhythm – the pace with which you read

3. alliteration – – a group of 2 or more consecutive words that

begin with the same sound

-she sells sea shells by the sea shore

-Alice’s aunt ate apples and acorns around August

4. onomatopoeia – the formation of a word by imitating a sound of

the object it refers to - boom, pop, buzz, oink, clack

C. Personification

1. giving life to what they see, human qualities

2. giving life to lifeless things, human qualities

-clouds -ideas

-Mother Nature -Man in the Moon

3. giving life to living things that can’t talk, human qualities

-flowers -trees -animals

D. Repetition

1. repeating a phrase or certain words

E. Senses

1. describe how things look, smell, sound, taste, feel

2. expresses a feeling or experience

F. Literary devices

1. stanza/verse – means paragraph

2. capital letters – used to start each line of a poem

3. line length – may vary depending on type of poem, number of

syllables required, etc.

4. rhyme scheme - the pattern of rhymes used in a poem, usually

symbolized by letters (AABA)The rhyme scheme, or

pattern, can be identified by giving end words that rhyme

with each other the same letter..

'Twinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I wonder what you are.

Up above the world so high,

Like a diamond in the sky.

Twinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I wonder what you are!'

The rhyme scheme of this poem can be

determined by looking at the end word in each

line. The first line ends in the word 'star,' and

the second line ends in the word 'are.' Because

the two words rhyme, they both are given the

letter 'A.' 'A' signifies that we have found the

first rhyme in the poem.

The third line ends in the word 'high,' and the

fourth line ends in 'sky.' These two words don't

rhyme with the first two words, 'star,' and

'are,' so they get the letter 'B.' So far, we have

a rhyme scheme of AABB.

The fifth ending word is a repeat, 'star,' and so

is the sixth end word, 'are.' So, both of these

words get the letter 'A,' as well. The rhyme

scheme for this stanza, or first 'paragraph' of

the poem is: AABBAA.

'When the blazing sun is gone,

When he nothing shines upon,

Then you show your little light,

Twinkle, twinkle, all the night.

Twinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I wonder what you are!'

5. simile – a figure of speech in which two unlike objects are

explicitly compared using “like” or “as” – writing is more

descriptive

-tornado came at us like a freight train

-cute as a kitten

-black as coal (or pitch)

6. metaphor – a figure of speech in which a term of phrase is

applied to something not literally but to imply resemblance

-The snow is a white blanket

7. idiom – language peculiar to a group of people either

geographical or with similar interests

- bought the farm -out of the blue

-sick as a dog -the blues

-jump the gun -rub someone the wrong way

-once in a blue moon

8. hyperbole – obvious intentional exaggeration for emphasis or

humor – makes a boring story more interesting

-I’ve been waiting forever

-It was so cold I saw polar bears wearing jackets

F. Forms

1. Narrative – tells a story with verse

2. Ballads – tells a rhyming historical story but usually as

a song, mostly love stories

Joan of Arc

The day was cold,

Both armies bold,

As hands grasped the ladders,

Ramparts were scaled,

Arrows were sailed,

But the French climbed the Tourelles.

Although Joan was hit in the shoulder,

The French continued to grow bolder,

Even slowly healing in a field,

She raised a fiery French revolt,

Just hit by a crossbow bolt,

Armor glistening white.

The English got cold feet,

And began a hasty retreat,

As French crawled out of Orleans,

Passing the cold river on boards,

Attacking English with sharp swords,

They set the Tourelles on fire.

English Captain Sir Glasdale,

Certainly looked very pale,

When they found him drowned in the river,

Sir Talbot ordered the English forts be left,

To avoid anymore French fort theft,

And so Orleans was freed.

-Peirce

3. Chants – Native American poems about nature, natural order

4. Sonnets – 14 lines that rhyme only 10 syllables each

- first 8 lines express a theme

- last 6 comment on the theme

- rhyme scheme – ab ab, cdcd, efef, gg

5. Haiku – “beginning phrase”

-17 syllables

-written in 3 lines

-5 syllables in the first line, 7 in the second, 5 in the third

-about nature or contain a season word

-about one event

-about feelings

-present tense

-used for you to imagine what would happen next-like the

beginning of a dream

-no rhyme, no repeated words (if you can)

-choose words carefully

An old silent pond... A summer river being crossed

A frog jumps into the pond, how pleasing

splash! Silence again. with sandals in my hands!

6. Quatrain - 4 line verse, or even a full poem containing 4 lines,

having an independent and separate theme. Often one line

consists of alternating rhyme. It exists in a variety of forms.

- Rhyming pattern of AABB or ABAB

I never saw a purple cow, He gives his harness bells a shake

I never hope to see one: To ask if there’s some mistake.

But I can tell you, anyhow, The only other sound’s the sweep

I’d rather see than be one. Of easy wind and downy flake.

-Gelett Burgess

7. Cinquain - contains 5 lines, doesn’t rhyme

- The first line has one stress, which was usually iambic

meter with the first syllable unstressed and the second

stressed.

- Line two has two stresses.

- Line three has three stresses.

- Line four has four stresses.

- Line five has one stress

- Title

- Line 1: Title word (noun) – 1 word

- Line 2: Description – 2 words

- Line 3: Action – 3 words

- Line 4: Feeling (phrase) – 4 words

- Line 5: Title (synonym for the title) – 1 word

Mom Watermelon

Mom Watermelon

Helpful, caring Juicy, sweet

Loves to garden Dripping, slurping, smacking

Excitable, likes to satisfy people So messy to eat

Teacher Yummy

8. Limerick – humorous, silly nonsense

-5 lines

- last words of lines 1, 2 and 5 rhyme

- last words of lines 3 and 4 rhyme

- pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables when reading

U S UU S UU S

U S UU S UU S

U S UU S

U S UU S

U S UU S UU S

There once was a young lady named bright A flea an a fly in a flue.

Whose speed was much faster than light Were caught, so what could they do?

She set out one day Said the fly, “Let us flee.”

In a relative way “Let us fly,” said the flea.

And returned on the previous night. So they flew through a flaw in the flue.

- Anonymous

9. Acrostic - certain letters in each line spells out a word or

phrase, typically the first letter in each line

Crunchy chewy Sunny days

Awesome Plants awakening

Nice and sweet Raindrops on the roof

Delightful and delicious Interesting clouds

Yummy treat New flowers

Gray skies

10. Couplets – two lines whose last words rhyme. They are often

silly

The cat ate a mouse

And then brought it in the house.

11. Triplets – three lines with a rhyming pattern of AAA or ABA

What a fine day

To go out and play

In the month of May.

12. Shape/Concrete poem – words take the shape of the object in

the poem

If sunglasses were made of chocolate, I’d put them

on my face and wait for the sun to shine. Then I’d

get a taste!

13. Color – a poem about your favorite color expressed

with analogies or similes or a list of nouns that

remind you of that color. Also can use your 5 senses

(looks, sound, taste, feel, smell)

Orange

Orange is feeling in your stomach after an orange soda quenches your thirst.

Orange is the sun after a summer day.

Orange is the sound of a field filled with dandelions blowing in the wind.

Orange is the taste of pizza that just came out of the oven.

Orange is the sound of a busy bumblebee.

Orange is the taste of a cold glass of orange juice.

Orange is the feeling inside when you accomplish something.

Orange is the sound of a tomato plant growing.

Orange is the color of a carrot that just popped out of the ground.

Orange is the smell of a Tiger-Lily petal.

Orange is the feeling after a baby smiles.

Orange is the color of a brown beaver’s incisor.

Orange is the smell of a late July day.

Orange is the feeling of a puppy’s fur.

Orange is the color of peach marmalade on a side of toast.

Orange is the sound of a canoe paddling through shallow water.

And orange is a color that is safe and alive.

Julia

14. Diamante – similar to a cinquain but the text forms

the shape of a diamond. The beginning is one noun

and the poem transforms into another noun at the

end

Line 1: Noun or subject – One word

Line 2: Two adjectives that describe line 1

Line 3: Three -ing words that describe line 1

Line 4: Four nouns – first 2 connected to line 1

- second 2 connected to line 7

Line 5: Three -ing words that describe line 7

Line 6: Two adjectives that describe line 7

Line 7: Noun Synonym for noun in line 1

Pencil

Sharp, skinny

Writing, answering, erasing

Wood, lead, ink, plastic

Drawing, smudging, leaking

Durable, comfortable

Pen

-Abby

15. I wish poem – 8 to 10 lines long each line beginning

with “I Wish…” and continues with wishful ideas. It

doesn’t have to rhyme. Wishes can be realistic or

abstract

I wish I could swim.

I wish I had an older sister.

I wish I had no homework to do.

I wish I knew how to bake.

I wish I could fly like a bird.

I wish there were no homeless people.

I wish my mommy did not have to work so hard.

I wish it could be Christmas every day!

16. I am Poem – similar to I wish

Line 1: I am (2 special characteristics)

Line 2: I wonder (something you are actually curious about)

Line 3: I hear (an imaginary sound)

Line 4: I see (an imaginary sight)

Line 5: I want (an actual desire)

Line 6: (line 1 goes here)

Line 7: I pretend (something you pretend to do)

Line 8: I feel (a feeling about something imaginary)

Line 9: I touch (an imaginary touch)

Line 10: I worry (something that bothers you)

Line 11: I cry (something that makes you sad)

Line 12: (line 1 goes here)

Line 13: I understand (something you know is true)

Line 14: I say (something you believe in)

Line 15: I dream (something you actually dream about)

Line 16: I try (something you make an effort to do)

Line 17: I hope (something you hope for)

Line 18: (line 1 goes here)

I am…

I am sharp and focused

I wonder what the camera really sees

I hear the buzzing bee

I see flowers in early morning light

I want to stop time in a box

I am sharp and focused

I pretend to be a statue

I feel the shakes inside

I touch the shutter button

I worry about the blurry result

I cry that the moment has forever passed

I am sharp and focused

I understand moments in time

I say let’s freeze them forever

I dream of watercolor effects coming to life

I try to see all the soft muted edges

I hope it happens someday

I am sharp and focused

17. Third Eye poem – tells about things that might go unnoticed

and are improbable or impossible to see with regular

eyesight. The third eye knows what is really happening

The third eye notices when Abbie spilt juice on the rug and

said it was Lizzie.

The third eye notices when you tell your mom you brushed

your teeth for two minutes and you only brushed for

one.

The third eye notices when you’re supposed to be doing

your homework and you’re listening to music.

The third eye notices when you’re on the phone for five

minutes longer than you’re supposed to be.

The third eye can tell when you had ice cream for dinner

when your parents went out.

Name: ________________________________________ Due Date:_______________

Poetry Book Project

You will write your own poetry book. This counts as a test/project grade for the quarter. In order to receive a 100 on the project you must do all of the following:

1. Create a cover for your book. It must be decorated, creative.

Book title

Your name

2. Write a title page for your book. (not numbered)

Same as your cover, not decorated though

3. Write a dedication page for your poems to someone or something on a separate page. (not numbered)

4. Create a table of contents page for your poems. List them by title, what type of poem they are and what page they are on. (not numbered)

Poem title…..type of poem….page number

5. Number all of your pages correctly. Dedication, title and contents pages do not get numbered.

6. You must write AT LEAST 9 poems of varied types. If you want to write more than 9 poems, you may, but 9 of them have to be different forms. You can repeat after that. Only one poem per page, not front and back

7. Create an illustration for each poem you include.

8. Either type or neatly write each poem in black ink. If you do a color poem you may write it in that color, unless you choose yellow as your color then you must use black ink on yellow paper.

If you type, each poem should be in a different typeface.

9. Choose a poem to analyze, following the prompts on the poetry analysis worksheet we used in class: (number the page and it comes last)

a. Why did you write it?

b. What is it’s message?

c. What are your favorite lines and why?

d. What emotions does your poem express?

10. Use correct spelling throughout your poems.

11. Use correct grammar throughout your poems.

Name: ______________________ Name: ______________________

Grading Rubric for Poetry Book: Grading Rubric for Poetry Book:

____Creative Cover (10 pts) ____Creative Cover (10 pts)

____Title Page (10 pts) ____Title Page (10 pts)

____ Dedication Page (10 pts) ____ Dedication Page (10 pts)

____ Table of contents (10 pts) ____ Table of contents (10 pts)

____Pages Numbered (10 pts) ____Pages Numbered (10 pts)

____At least 9 poems of varied ____At least 9 poems of varied

types (10 pts) types (10 pts)

____Creative illustration for each ____Creative illustration for each

of 9 poems (10 pts) of 9 poems (10 pts)

____All poems typed or written ____All poems typed or written

neatly in ink (10 pts) neatly in ink (10 pts)

____Analyze a poem of your choice ____Analyze a poem of your choice

using assigned guidelines (10 pts) using assigned guidelines (10 pts)

____Correct spelling and grammar (10 pts) ____Correct spelling and grammar (10 pts)

Final Grade: _________________ Final Grade: _________________

Name: ______________________ Name: ______________________

Grading Rubric for Poetry Book: Grading Rubric for Poetry Book:

____Creative Cover (10 pts) ____Creative Cover (10 pts)

____Title Page (10 pts) ____Title Page (10 pts)

____ Dedication Page (10 pts) ____ Dedication Page (10 pts)

____ Table of contents (10 pts) ____ Table of contents (10 pts)

____Pages Numbered (10 pts) ____Pages Numbered (10 pts)

____At least 9 poems of varied ____At least 9 poems of varied

types (10 pts) types (10 pts)

____Creative illustration for each ____Creative illustration for each

of 9 poems (10 pts) of 9 poems (10 pts)

____All poems typed or written ____All poems typed or written

neatly in ink (10 pts) neatly in ink (10 pts)

____Analyze a poem of your choice ____Analyze a poem of your choice

using assigned guidelines (10 pts) using assigned guidelines (10 pts)

____Correct spelling and grammar (10 pts) ____Correct spelling and grammar (10 pts)

Final Grade: _________________ Final Grade: _________________

Haiku Quatrain Cinquain

Fish Bear Mangoes

A fish in the sea A bear on a chair Mangoes

Swimming majestically With a lot of hair Orange, sweet

I wonder where to After a forage Squishing, dripping, juicing

Was eating porridge Soft in your hand

Cardinal Bird

Peachy

Pretty red flyer

Free to fly high in the sky Book

I wish I could too Book

Pages, words

Relaxing, fascinating, entertaining

Want to know more

Readable

Acrostic Couplets Triplets

Mothers Trees

Mothers From seeds

Are To towering leaves

Yay Have leaves

That dance in the breeze

Popsicle

Popular

Orange

Purple

Sweet

Icy

Cold

Lickable

Edible

Shape Poem

Heart

A heart is love without end.

Love will shine through,

No matter what you do.

A heart will always mend.

Poetry Collection

By Lisa Sargent

Dedication

To my beautiful daughter whose creative spirit shines on me every day.

Table of Contents

Fish…………………………Haiku……………....Page 1

Popsicle……………….….Acrostic………….…Page 2

Mangoes………….……….Cinquain…………...Page 3

Bear…………………….…Quatrain…………....Page 4

Heart…………………..….Shape…………….….Page 5

The Quest………….……Limerick…………...Page 6

Analysis…………………………………..…………Page 7

Fish

A fish in the sea

Swimming majestically

I wonder where to

1

Popsicle

Popular

Orange

Purple

Sweet

Icy

Cold

Lickable

Edible

2

Mangoes

Mangoes

Orange, sweet

Squishing, dripping, juicing

Soft in your hand

Peachy

3

Bear

A bear on a chair

With a lot of hair

After a forage

Was eating porridge

4

Heart

A heart is love without end.

Love will shine through,

No matter what you do.

A heart will always mend.

5

The Quest

By Jessica Dolan

There once was a challenge I needed to face.

Where, should I fail, ‘twould be a disgrace.

I struggled and fought,

But fail I did not,

Completing my quest with beauty and grace.

6

Poem Analysis

I choose to talk about my shape poem, HEART. I wrote this with my children in mind. It expresses exactly how I feel about them. I want them to know that no matter what they do, mistakes they make, I am here to help them and my love will never diminish because of their mistakes. My favorite line is the first one “A heart is love without end” because it’s true. It makes me feel poignant inside remembering all the things my kids have done in the past that without them my life would be the poorer.

7

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