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Fertilizer industryValue of Fertilizers Most of the agriculturally important regions have soils lacking in nitrogenous matter – an essential component required for healthy and high yieldsHigh yielding variety (HYV) seeds use a lot of nutrients and some bulky crops like sugar cane exhaust soils of nutrientsTo solve these problems and to maintain and increase high yields especially of cash cops are fertilizers essential to Pakistan.The increase in water logging and salinity has also increased fertilizer use as farmers want to maintain and even increase crop production in reduced area.Sindh - 92Kg per hectare Balochistan – 15Kg per hectare Punjab – 61Kg per hectare NWFP – 37 Kg per hectare-7591257763800534670-759460Uses of Fertilizers0Uses of FertilizersUses of FertilizersFactors for fertilizer industry ‘s distribution1. These areas are on generally flat lands of plain areas which enabled easy construction of factories due to more accessibility. There was also proper infrastructure because of the same reason.2. Nitrogen and mineral rocks are available virtually everywhere in Pakistan but natural gas isn’t. This is why these factories are situated either near gas fields themselves (in upper Sindh) or are linked to natural gas by pipelines. Their site is also close to sources of water. Since raw materials were readily available, their transportation costs were reduced and fertilizers could be produced steadily.3. These factories are majorly situated in areas with high population density meaning cheap labor is available. Although a capital intensive large-scale industry, fertilizer industry still requires labor for various tasks (e.g. loading and unloading raw materials and fertilizer bags)4. Being a large-scale industry, it is largely mechanized for which power supply is essential. These factories are located along national grid and near thermal power plants (those in Punjab and Sindh) and the factory in Haripur is near Tarbela HEP plant.5. These factories are located where there is a proper infrastructure. There is a dense road and railway network near the factories. This enables raw materials to be rapidly supplied to them and fertilizers to be supplied from them.6. These factories are situated in the middle of agriculturally important regions especially for cash crops like wheat, cotton, sugar-cane and rice. To increase their yields fertilizers are essential and an increase in fertilizer use has resulted in higher output production.PROBLEMS DUE TO INDUSTRY:On ENVIRONMENT:1. Deforestation had to be carried out to establish factories.2.Eutrophication occurs when nitrate fertilizers leech into soil and cause algal blooms which deplete rivers of oxygen. This pollutes water and fish die.3.Pollutant gases such as oxides of carbon and nitrogen are emitted during fertilizer preparation which cause air pollution.ON PEOPLE:1. Drinking water into which nitrates have leeched is toxic at high concentrations- results in several disorders.2. Ammonia can leak into air. It can cause respiratory disorders.3. Fertilizers are expensive to buy and only large landowners can use it sufficiently. ON ECONOMY: It uses a lot of power and since most of power generated in Pakistan is thermal, it indirectly increases petroleum import bills. Fertilizers have to be imported as Pakistan is not self sufficient in fertilizer production. This further burdens the economy.lot of power and since most of power generated in Pakistan is thermal, it indirectly increases petroleum import bills.- Fertilizers have to be imported as Pakistan is not and since most of power generated in Pakistan is thermal, it i a) Explain why most fertilizer factories are in the Punjab and Northern Areas of Sindh? [4]- Fertilizers have to be imported as Pakistan is not It uses a lot of power and since most of power generated is thermal, it indirectly increases petroleum import bills.- Fertilizers have to be imported as Pakistan is not self It uses a lot of power and since most of power generated in Pakistan is thermal, it indirectly increases petroleum import bills.- Fertilizers have to be imported as Pakistan is not self in fertilizer production. This further burdens the economy.- It uses a lot of power and since most of power generated - Fertilizers have to be imported as Pakistan is not s.-759125-258792All types of fertilizers formed are palletizedThey are packed in plastic bagsFertilizer bags are transported via road (on trucks and lorries) and via railway to agricultural lands Farmers manually or mechanically spread it out on lands after ploughing and before planting the seedsPalletized fertilizer spreads to a large area00All types of fertilizers formed are palletizedThey are packed in plastic bagsFertilizer bags are transported via road (on trucks and lorries) and via railway to agricultural lands Farmers manually or mechanically spread it out on lands after ploughing and before planting the seedsPalletized fertilizer spreads to a large area ................
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