Glaucoma What You Should Know
Glaucoma
What You Should Know
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
National Institutes of Health
National Eye Institute
The National Eye Institute (NEI) conducts and supports
research that leads to sight-saving treatments and plays a
key role in reducing visual impairment and blindness. NEI is
part of the National Institutes of Health, an agency of the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
For more information, contact¡ª
National Eye Institute
National Institutes of Health
2020 Vision Place
Bethesda, MD 20892¨C3655
Telephone: 301¨C496¨C5248
Email: 2020@nei.
Website: nei.
B
Contents
About Glaucoma
1
Detection
5
Treatments
6
Current Research
13
What You Can Do
13
Additional Resources
17
Using Glaucoma Eyedrops
19
About Glaucoma
What is glaucoma?
Glaucoma is a group of diseases that damage the eye¡¯s
optic nerve and can result in vision loss and blindness.
However, with early detection and treatment, you can
often protect your eyes against serious vision loss.
The optic nerve
Vitreous gel
Retina
Cornea
Pupil
Lens
Macula
Optic
nerve
The optic nerve is a bundle of more than 1 million
nerve fibers. It connects the retina to the brain.
(See diagram above.) The retina is the light-sensitive
tissue at the back of the eye. A healthy optic nerve is
necessary for good vision.
How does the optic nerve get damaged by open-angle
glaucoma?
Several large studies have shown that eye pressure is a
major risk factor for optic nerve damage. In the front of
the eye is a space called the anterior chamber. A clear fluid
flows continuously in and out of the chamber and nourishes
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