CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 1
ORIENTATION TO SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY | |CH.1 THE SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIST-PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE
CH. 4 ORGANIZATION OF THE OPERATING ROOM: PERSONNEL AND ENVIRONMENT | | |
|HISTORY OF SURGERY |3 |Historical Development (Ch. 1) |2 |
|SURGERY TODAY |4 | | |
|Surgical Specialties |5 | | |
|HISTORY OF SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY |6 |Historical Development (Ch. 1) |2 |
|FIELD OF SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY |8 |World War II to the Present (Ch. 1) |4 |
| Working Conditions |8 | | |
| Personal Characteristics |8 | | |
|Surgical Team Members |8 |Personnel (Ch. 4) |21 |
|Surgical Technology Education and Certification |10 |World War II to the Present (Ch. 1) |4 |
|THE SURGICAL TECHNOLOGISTAS A PROFESSIONAL |11 | | |
|Professionalism |11 | | |
|Surgical Technologist’s Lifestyle |12 | | |
|Job Descriptions for the Surgical Technologist |13 |Surgical Technologist (Ch. 4) |23 |
|Career Opportunities |13 | | |
|HEALTH CARE FACILITIES |14 | | |
|Hospital Organization |15 | | |
|Hospital Departments and Interdepartmental |17 | | |
|Communication | | | |
|Financial Considerations and Reimbursement |19 | | |
|Organizations Related to Hospitals, Health Care, and |20 | | |
|Surgical Services | | | |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 2 | |CH. 3 SURGERY AND THE LAW | |
|STANDARDS OF CONDUCT | |CH. 2 SURGICAL CONSIENCE AND ETHICS IN THE OPERATING | |
| | |ROOM | |
|LEGAL ISSUES |23 |Why Know the Law? (Ch. 3) |11 |
|Definitions of General Legal Terms |23 |Key Terms (Ch. 3) |10 |
|Definitions of Traditional Principles |24 | | |
|Torts |25 |Intentional Torts (Ch. 3) |14 |
|Consent for Surgery: A Basic Right |27 |Informed Consent (Ch. 3) |14 |
|Documentation |29 |Documentation and Incident Reporting (Ch. 3) |15 |
|Event/Incident Reports |30 |Documentation and Incident Reporting (Ch. 3) |15 |
|Advance Directives |30 | | |
|ETHICAL AND MORAL ISSUES |30 |Surgical Ethics (Ch. 2) |7 |
|Moral Principles |31 | | |
|Bioethics |31 | | |
|AHA Patient’s Bill of Rights |31 | | |
|Elements of Ethical Decision Making |32 | | |
|Professional Codes of Conduct |34 | | |
|Surgical Conscience |34 |Surgical Conscience (Ch. 2) |6 |
|SCOPE OF PRACTICE |34 |Exceeding the Scope of Practice (Ch. 3) |11 |
|Job Descriptions and Competencies |35 | | |
|Credentialing |36 |The Role of the Association of Surgical Technologists |11 |
| | |(Ch. 3) | |
|Accreditation |36 |Accreditation (Ch. 1) |4 |
|Core Curricula for Surgical Technology and Surgical |36 | | |
|Assisting | | | |
|Career Development |36 | | |
|Clinical Ladder Program |37 | | |
|RISK MANAGEMENT AND LIABILITY |38 |Civil Liability (Ch. 3) |12 |
|Medical Errors |38 |Errors in the Operating Room (Ch. 3) |14 |
|Safe Medical Device Act |39 |Mechanical Failures (Ch. 3) |15 |
|Malpractice Insurance |39 |Insurance (Ch. 3) |15 |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 3 | |CH. 17 COMMUNICATING WITH THE SURGICAL PATIENT | |
|THE SURGICAL PATIENT. | | | |
|THE STSR AND THE SURGICAL PATIENT |43 | | |
|PHYSICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, AND SPIRITUAL NEEDS OF|43 |Psychological Concerns of the Surgical Patient |222 |
|THE SURGICAL PATIENT | | | |
|Understanding the Surgical Patient |44 | | |
|Causes of Surgical Intervention |44 | | |
|The Surgical Patient, a Human Being |44 | | |
|Prioritizing Needs-Maslow’s Hierachy |45 | | |
|Life Stage Development: Select Basic Concepts |46 | | |
|Cultural and Religious Influences |49 |Cultural Influences |223 |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 4 | |CH. 17 COMMUNICATING WITH THE SURGICAL PATIENT | |
|SPECIAL POPULATIONS | |CH. 5 MICROBIOLOGY OVERVIEW AND ACQUIRED | |
| | |IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME | |
|INTRODUCTION |57 | | |
|PEDIATRIC PATIENTS |57 |Special Needs of the Pediatric Patient |222 |
| | |(Ch. 17) | |
|Monitoring the Pediatric Patient |59 | | |
|Shock |60 | | |
|Fluids and Electrolytes |60 | | |
|Infection |61 | | |
|Metabolic and Nutritional Responses |61 | | |
|Trauma |61 | | |
|PATIENTS WITH OBESITY |62 | | |
|Review of Surgical Considerations |64 | | |
|Specific Considerations of Bariatric Surgery |64 | | |
|PATIENTS WITH DIABETES |64 | | |
|Complications Associated with Diabetes |65 | | |
|Care of the Patient with Diabetes in Surgery |66 | | |
|PREGNANT PATIENTS |66 | | |
|Considerations when Caring for Pregnant Patients |67 | | |
|Anesthesia |67 | | |
|Intraoperative Considerations for the Surgical |67 | | |
|Technologist | | | |
|IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS |68 | | |
|Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |68 |Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Ch. 5) |40 |
|Considerations for the Surgical Team Members |68 | | |
|PATIENTS WITH DISABILITIES |69 | | |
|GERIATRIC PATIENTS |69 |Special Needs of the Elderly Patient |223 |
| | |(Ch. 17) | |
|TRAUMA PATIENTS |71 | | |
|THE “GOLDEN HOUR” AND TRAUMA PATIENTS |71 | | |
|KINEMATICS |71 | | |
|Blunt Trauma |71 | | |
|Penetrating Trauma |72 | | |
|TRAUMA SCORING |72 | | |
|CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIST |72 | | |
|Preservation of Evidence |72 | | |
|Hypothermia |73 | | |
|Infection |73 | | |
|PREPARATION OF THE CASE |73 | | |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 5 | |CH. 4 ORGANIZATION OF THE OPERATING ROOM: PERSONNEL | |
|PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND SAFETY STANDARDS | |AND ENVIRONMENT | |
| | |And various other chapters throughout the book. | |
|PHYSICAL DESIGN OF THE SURGERY DEPARTMENT |77 |Physical Layout (Ch. 4) |25 |
|Areas of the OR |78 |Physical Layout (Ch. 4) |25 |
|Physical Components of the Operative Suite |79 |The Operating Suites (Ch. 4) |27 |
|Substerile Area |83 |Substerile Rooms (Ch. 4) |27 |
|Direct Support Services |83 |Description and Functions of Areas in the Operating |26 |
| | |Room (Ch. 4) | |
|HAZARDS AND REGULATORY AGENCIES |85 | | |
|SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS |86 |The Operating Suites (Ch. 4) |27 |
|Air-Handling System |86 |The Operating Suites (Ch. 4) |28 |
|Surgical Lights |86 |The Operating Suites (Ch. 4) |28 |
|Noise in the Operating Room |86 | | |
|Ergonomics and Safety Considerations |86 | | |
|Fire Hazards and Safety |87 |Fire (Ch. 16) |219 |
|Electrical Hazards |88 |The Operating Suites (Ch. 4) |28 |
|Ionizing Radiation |89 | | |
|BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS |90 |Universal Precautions (Ch. 8) |68 |
|Universal Precautions |90 |Universal Precautions (Ch. 8) |68 |
|Standard Precautions |90 | | |
|Laser and Electrosurgical Plume |93 | | |
|Latex Allergy |94 | | |
|CHEMICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS |94 | | |
|Waste Anesthetic Gases |94 |Volatile Liquids and Gas (Ch. 9) |82 |
|Methyl Methacrylate |95 | | |
|Formalin |95 |Formaldehyde (Ch. 6) |47 |
|Ethylene Oxide |95 |Precautions and Hazards (Ch. 7) |59 |
|Glutaraldehyde |95 |Glutaraldehyde (Ch. 6) |47 |
|CHAPTER 6 | |No chapter(s) on this topic. | |
|BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE | | | |
|INTRODUCTION |99 | | |
|COMPUTERS |99 | | |
|Surgical Applications |99 | | |
|Hardware |100 | | |
|Software |103 | | |
|Word Processing |104 | | |
|Graphics |105 | | |
|Internet Basics |106 | | |
|ELECTRICITY |107 | | |
|Surgical Applications |107 | | |
|Basic Principles of Electricity |108 | | |
|PHYSICS |112 | | |
|Medical and Surgical Applications |112 | | |
|Mechanics |113 | | |
|Nuclear Physics |122 | | |
|Gravity |122 | | |
|SURGICAL ROBOTS |122 | | |
|Terminology |123 | | |
|Design |123 | | |
|Remote Manipulation |124 | | |
|Geometry |124 | | |
|Hearing and Vision |125 | | |
|Decontamination and Sterilization of Robotic Components|125 | | |
|Clinical Applications |125 | | |
|THE OR OF THE FUTURE |125 | | |
|Surgical Planning and Rehearsal |125 | | |
|Surface-Based Registration |126 | | |
|ROLE OF THE SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIST |126 | | |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 7 | |CH. 5 MICROBIOLOGY OVERVIEW AND ACQUIRED | |
|ASEPSIS AND STERILE TECHNIQUE | |IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME | |
| | |CH. 6 DISINFECTION AND DECONTAMINATION | |
| | |CH. 7 STERILIZATION: STANDARDS AND PRACTICE | |
| | |CH. 8 ASEPTIC TECHNIQUES AND UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS IN | |
| | |THE OPERATING ROOM | |
|HISTORY OF STERILIZATION |130 | | |
|BASIC TERMINOLOGY |131 |Key Terms (Ch. 5) |30 |
|PATHOGENS AND INFECTION |131 |Pathogenic Microorganisms (Ch. 5) |38 |
|Infection |131 |The Process of Infection (Ch. 5) |35 |
|Pathogens Associated with Surgical Site Infection |132 |Pathogenic Microorganisms (Ch. 5) |38 |
|Methods of Transmission |135 |Disease Transmission (Ch. 5) |32 |
|PRINCIPLES OF ASEPSIS |138 |The Rules of Aseptic Technique (Ch. 8) |66 |
|Principle 1: Sterile Field |138 |The Rules of Aseptic Technique (Ch. 8) |66 |
|Principle 2: Sterile Team Member Attire |139 |The Rules of Aseptic Technique (Ch. 8) |66 |
|Principle 3: Movement in and around Sterile Field |140 |The Rules of Aseptic Technique (Ch. 8) |66 |
|SURGICAL CONSCIENCE |140 |Surgical Conscience (Ch. 2) |6 |
|CLEANING, DISINFECTION, AND STERILIZATION |141 |Part 1 Disinfection (Ch. 6) |44 |
|Cleaning and Disinfection |142 |Part 1 Disinfection (Ch. 6) |44 |
|Disinfectant and Disinfectant/Sterilant Agents |147 |Disinfectant Chemicals ( Ch. 6) |45 |
|INSTRUMENT PREPARATION AND WRAPPING FOR STERILIZATION |151 |Preparation of Items (Ch. 7) |57 |
|Instruments |151 |Preparation of Items (Ch. 7) |57 |
|Specific Procedural Trays |151 | | |
|Instrument Sets |151 | | |
|PACKAGING FOR STERILIZATION AND STORAGE |152 |Wrapping Goods for Sterilization (Ch. 7) |60 |
|Performance Standards of Packaging Material |152 |Wrapping Goods for Sterilization (Ch. 7) |60 |
|Performance Characteristics |152 | | |
|Types of Packaging Materials |153 |Wrapping Goods for Sterilization (Ch. 7) |60 |
|General Principles of Packaging |155 |Wrapping Goods for Sterilization (Ch. 7) |60 |
|Sterilization |158 |Steam Sterilization (Ch. 7) |53 |
|Requirements and Essential Factors |159 |Loading and Operation (Ch. 7) |55 |
|Basic Components of a Steam Sterilizer |160 |Steam Sterilization (Ch. 7) |53 |
|GAS STERILIZATION |163 |Ethylene Oxide (Gas) Sterilization (Ch. 7) |58 |
|Ethylene Oxide |163 |Ethylene Oxide (Gas) Sterilization (Ch. 7) |58 |
|Alternative Gas Sterilization Methods |164 |The Future of Ethylene Oxide Sterilization (Ch. 7) |59 |
|LIQUID CHEMICAL STERILIZATION PROCESSES |165 |Cold Chemical Sterilization (Ch. 7) |63 |
|IONIZING RADIATION |165 |Sterilization by Ionizing Radiation (Ch. 7) |60 |
|METHODS OF MONITORING THE STERILIZATION PROCESS |165 |Sterilization and Control Monitors (Ch. 7) |60 |
|Mechanical Methods of Monitoring the Sterilization |165 |Sterilization and Control Monitors (Ch. 7) |62 |
|Process | | | |
|Chemical Methods of Monitoring the Sterilization |166 |Sterilization and Control Monitors (Ch. 7) |62 |
|Process | | | |
|Biological Methods of Monitoring the Sterilization |166 |Sterilization and Control Monitors (Ch. 7) |62 |
|Process | | | |
|Bowie-Dick Test |167 |Sterilization and Control Monitors (Ch. 7) |62 |
|EVENT-RELATED STERILITY |167 |Storage and Handling of Sterile Supplies (Ch. 7) |62 |
|Environmental Decontamination |168 | | |
|Environmental Services |168 | | |
|Case by Case |168 |Decontamination of the Surgical Suite |48 |
| | |(Ch. 6) | |
|Daily |168 |Decontamination of Other Areas in the Operating Room |50 |
| | |(Ch. 6) | |
|CHAPTER 8 | |CH. 3 SURGERY AND THE LAW | |
|GENERAL PATIENT CARE AND SAFETY | |CH. 10 TRANSPORTING AND POSITIONING THE SURGICAL | |
| | |PATIENT | |
| | |CH. 11 PREPARATION OF THE SURGICAL SITE | |
| | |CH. 13 HEMOSTASIS | |
|PREOPERATIVE PATIENT ROUTINES |172 | | |
|Surgical Consent |173 |Informed Consent (Ch. 3) |14 |
|Preoperative Education |175 | | |
|Patient Possessions |175 |Patient Property (Ch. 3) |12 |
|Evening/Morning before Surgery |176 | | |
|Diet |177 | | |
|Makeup and Dress |177 | | |
|Call to Operating Room |177 | | |
|Family Visit |177 | | |
|Patient Identification |177 |Patient Identification, Side, and Site of Surgery (Ch.|13 |
| | |3) | |
|Transportation |178 |Transportation of the Conscious Patient (Ch. 10) |90 |
|TRANSFER AND POSITIONING |179 |Transfer and positioning of the Anesthetized Patient |91 |
| | |(Ch. 10) | |
|BASIC POSITIONING FOR SURGERY |180 |Transfer and positioning of the Anesthetized Patient |91 |
| | |(Ch. 10) | |
|Supine Position |181 |Supine (Dorsal Recumbent) (Ch. 10) |91 |
|Trendelenburg Position |183 |Trendelenburg (Ch. 10) |92 |
|Reverse Trendelenburg Position |184 |Reverse Trendelenburg (Ch. 10) |93 |
|Fowler’s Position and Sitting Position |184 |Fowler (Sitting) (Ch. 10) |96 |
|Lithotomy Position |185 |Lithotomy (Ch. 10) |95 |
|Prone Position |186 |Prone with Headrest (Ch. 10) |94 |
|Kraske (Jackknife Position) |188 |Kraske (Jackknife) (Ch. 10) |93 |
|Lateral Position |189 |Sim’s (Lateral) (Ch. 10) |96 |
|Kidney Position |190 | | |
|Sim’s Position |191 |Sim’s (Lateral) (Ch. 10) |96 |
|THERMOREGULATORY DEVICES |191 | | |
|VITAL SIGNS |192 | | |
|Temperature |192 | | |
|Pulse |193 | | |
|Respiration |194 | | |
|Blood Pressure |196 | | |
|URINARY CATHETERIZATION |199 |Special Equipment (Ch. 22) |399 |
|Indications |200 |Special Equipment (Ch. 22) |399 |
|Procedure |200 | | |
|Considerations |200 | | |
|SKIN PREPARATION |202 |Surgical Skin Prep (Ch. 11) |101 |
|Skin Preparation Setup |203 |Special Skin Prep Procedures (Ch. 11) |103 |
|Skin Marking |206 | | |
|HEMOSTASIS AND BLOOD REPLACEMENT |206 |Intro. Paragraph (Ch. 13) |138 |
|Factors Affecting Hemostasis |207 | | |
|Control of Bleeding during Surgery |207 | | |
|Mechanical Methods |207 |Sponges (Ch. 13) |140 |
| | |Tourniquet |142 |
| | |Ligation Clips and Hemostatic Clamps and Suture |143 |
| | |Ligatures | |
|THERMAL HEMOSTASIS |209 |Electrosurgery (Ch. 13) |138 |
|PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS |209 |Pharmaceutical Hemostatic Agents |142 |
| | |(Ch. 13) | |
|Blood Loss |210 | | |
|Blood Replacement |210 |Autotransfusion (Ch. 13) |144 |
|Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions |211 | | |
|CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION |211 | | |
|Cardiac Arrest in the Surgical Setting |212 |Cardiopulmonary Arrest (Ch. 16) |219 |
|MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA |213 |Malignant Hyperthermia (Ch. 16) |218 |
|Prevention |213 | | |
|Treatment |213 |Malignant Hyperthermia (Ch. 16) |218 |
|EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES |213 | | |
|INDICATIONS OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS |214 | | |
|OBJECTIVES AND PRIORITIES IN ERMERGENCY SITUATIONS |214 | | |
|Syncope |214 | | |
|Convulsions/Seizures |215 | | |
|Anaphalactic Reactions |211 | | |
|Clinical Manifestations of Impending Cardiac Arrest |216 | | |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 9 | |CH. 9 ANESTHESIA | |
|SURGICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND ANESTHESIA | |CH. 14 SURGICAL PHARMACOLOGY | |
|PHARMACOLOGY |219 | | |
|Drug Sources |219 | | |
|Drug Forms |220 | | |
|Drug Nomenclature |220 | | |
|Route of Administration |221 | | |
|Drug Classifications |221 | | |
|Pharmacokinetics |221 | | |
|Pharmacodynamics |222 | | |
|DRUG-HANDLING TECHNIQUES |223 |Accepting Medications in Surgery (Ch. 14) |151 |
|Medication Identification |223 |Accepting Medications in Surgery (Ch. 14) |151 |
|Supplies for Medication Handling |225 |Accepting Medications in Surgery (Ch. 14) |151 |
|Transfer of a Medication to the Sterile Field |225 |Accepting Medications in Surgery (Ch. 14) |151 |
|Medications Commonly Used in the Operating Room |226 |Medications Used in Surgery (Ch. 14) |152 |
|HISTORY OF MODERN ANESTHESIA |229 | | |
|METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF ANESTHETIC ADMINISTRATION |231 |Classification of Anesthesia (Ch. 9) |81 |
|GENERAL ANESTHESIA |231 |General Anesthesia (Ch. 9) |81 |
|Depth of General Anesthesia |231 |General Anesthesia (Ch. 9) |81 |
|Phases of General Anesthesia |232 |General Anesthesia (Ch. 9) |81 |
|Advantages of General Anesthesia |232 | | |
|Risks and Complications Associated with General |232 |Malignant Hyperthermia (Ch. 16) |218 |
|Anesthesia | |Cardiopulmonary Arrest |219 |
|Anesthetic Agents |235 |Volatile Liquids and Gas (Ch. 9) |82 |
| | |Intravenous and Intramuscular Injection |83 |
|Adjuncts to General Anesthesia |240 |Adjuncts to Anesthetic Agents (Ch. 9) |87 |
| | |Hypothermia and Hypotension (Ch. 13) |143 |
|Anesthesia Equipment |241 |Volatile Liquids and Gas (Ch. 9) |83 |
|NERVE CONDUCTION BLOCKADE |244 |Local or Conduction Anesthesia (Ch. 9) |85 |
|Nerve Conduction Blocking Agents |244 | | |
|Topical Anesthesia |246 |Topical Anesthesia (Ch. 9) |86 |
|Local Anesthesia |246 |Local Infiltration (Ch. 9) |85 |
|Regional Anesthesia |246 |Epidural Anesthesia and Caudal Anesthesia and Spinal |86 |
| | |Anesthesia (Ch. 9) | |
|NONTRADITIONAL ANESTHESIA OPTIONS |249 | | |
|TEAM MEMBER ROLES DURING ANESTHESIA ADMINISTRATION |249 | | |
|Preoperative Visits |250 | | |
|Preoperative Routine-All Types of Anesthesia |250 | | |
|Postanesthesia Care |253 | | |
|CHAPTER 10 | |Found in various chapters throughout the book. | |
|INSTRUMENTATION, EQUIPMENT, AND SUPPLIES | | | |
|INSTRUMENTATION |259 | | |
|Classifications |259 |Types of Instruments (Ch. 15) |158 |
|Instrument Care and Handling |264 |Care of Instruments (Ch. 15) |158 |
|Types of Instrument Sets |265 | | |
|SPECIALTY EQUIPMENT |269 | | |
|Endoscopes |269 |Fiberoptic Procedures (Ch. 19) |324 |
|Power Tools |270 |Power Equipment (Ch. 23) |429 |
|Lasers |270 |CH. 18 LASER TECHNOLOGY AND USE |228 |
|Microscopes |273 |The Operating Microscope (Ch. 27) |575 |
|Video Monitors, Recorders, and Cameras |273 |Video Camera System (Ch. 20) |329 |
|Fiber-optic Headlamps and Light Sources |274 |Fiberoptic Cable and Light Source (Ch. 20) |327 |
|Irrigation/Aspiration Units |274 | | |
|Cryotherapy Units |274 | | |
|Insufflators |274 |Exposure During the Surgical Procedure (Ch. 20) |331 |
|Nerve Stimulators |274 | | |
|ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT |275 | | |
|Suction Systems |275 | | |
|Electrosurgical Unit |275 |Electrosurgery (Ch. 13) |138 |
|Lights |278 |The Operating Suites (Ch. 4) |28 |
|Pneumatic Tourniquets |279 |Tourniquet (Ch. 13) |142 |
|Sequential Compression Devices |280 | | |
|SUPPLIES |280 | | |
|Drapes |280 |Draping Materials and Their Application (Ch. 11) |104 |
|Sterile Packs |282 | | |
|Sponges and Dressings |282 |Wound Dressings (Ch. 12) |131 |
| | |Sponges (Ch. 13) |140 |
|Catheters, Tubes, and Drains |285 |Wound Drains (Ch. 12) |134 |
|Nonsuture Needles |288 | | |
|Irrigators and Syringes |289 | | |
|CHAPTER 11 | |CH. 5 MICROBIOLOGY OVERVIEW AND ACQUIRED | |
|WOUND HEALING, SUTURES, NEEDLES, AND STAPLING DEVICES | |IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME | |
| | |CH. 12 WOUND CLOSURE | |
|INTRODUCTION |292 | | |
|TYPES OF WOUNDS |292 |Classification of Wounds (Ch. 5) |37 |
|Surgical Wound |292 |Surgical Wound Infection (Ch. 5) |37 |
|Traumatic Wound |293 | | |
|Chronic Wound |294 | | |
|INFLAMMATORY PROCESS |294 |Inflammatory Response (Ch. 5) |36 |
|TYPES OF WOUND HEALING |294 |Wound Healing Categories (Ch. 12) |135 |
|First Intention (Primary Union) |294 |Wound Healing Categories (Ch. 12) |135 |
|Phases of Wound Healing by First Intention |295 | | |
|Second Intention (Granulation) |295 |Wound Healing Categories (Ch. 12) |135 |
|Third Intention (Delayed Primary Closure) |295 |Wound Healing Categories (Ch. 12) |135 |
|FACTORS INFLUENCING WOUND HEALING |295 |Surgical Wound Infection (Ch. 5) |37 |
|COMPLICATIONS OF THE HEALING WOUND |296 | | |
|Intraoperative Wound Care |297 | | |
|Postoperative Wound Care |298 |Wound Dressings (Ch. 12) |131 |
| | |Wound Drains |134 |
|SUTURE |298 |Intro . Paragraphs (Ch. 12) |112 |
|History |298 | | |
|Types of Suture Material |299 |Types of Suture and Their Preparation |113 |
| | |(Ch. 12) | |
|Suture Sizes |300 |Suture Size (Ch. 12) |113 |
|General Factors Affecting Choice of Suture |300 |Types of Suture and Their Preparation |113 |
| | |(Ch. 12) | |
|Characteristics of Common Sutures |300 |Types of Suture and Their Preparation |113 |
| | |(Ch. 12) | |
|Packaging of Suture |303 |Suture Packaging (Ch. 12) |113 |
|Ligatures |303 |Suture Ligatures (Ch. 13) |143 |
|Ligating Methods |303 | | |
|Suture for the Procedure |304 |Preparing and Handling of Suture Materials (Ch. 12) |115 |
|Layer Closure |305 | | |
|Endoscopic Suture |307 | | |
|Suturing Techniques |307 |Methods of Suturing (Ch. 12) |307 |
|Accessory Devices |309 |Skin Tapes and Clips (Ch. 12) |120 |
|STAPLING DEVICES |310 |Surgical Stapling Instruments (Ch. 12) |120 |
|Types of Staplers |312 | | |
|Meshes or Fabrics |313 | | |
|NEEDLES |314 |Surgical Needles (Ch. 12) |115 |
|Needle Eye |314 |Needle Eyes (Ch. 12) |115 |
|Needle Point |315 |Needle Shafts and Points (Ch. 12) |115 |
|Needle Bodies |315 |Needle Shafts and Points (Ch. 12) |115 |
|CHAPTER 12 | |CH. 8 ASEPTIC TECHNIQUES AND UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS IN | |
|SURGICAL CASE MANAGEMENT | |THE OPERATING ROOM | |
| | |CH. 16 SURGICAL ROUTINES AND EMERGENCIES | |
| | |And various other chapters throughout the book. | |
|INTRODUCTION |318 |Surgical Technologist (Ch. 4) |23 |
|Applied Theory |319 |Preparation for the Day’s Work (Ch. 16) |212 |
| | |The Rules of Aseptic Technique (Ch. 8) |66 |
| | |Surgical Conscience (Ch. 2) |6 |
| | |Universal Precautions (Ch. 5) |40 |
|PREOPERATIVE CASE MANAGEMENT |323 | | |
|Attire |323 |Surgical Attire (Ch. 8) |67 |
|Preparing the OR |327 |Preparation for the Day’s Work (Ch. 16) |212 |
| | |CH. 8 ASEPTIC TECHNIQUES AND UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS IN |65 |
| | |THE OPERATING ROOM | |
|ORGANIZING THE BACK TABLE |341 |Table Set-Up (Ch. 16) |213 |
|Organizing the Mayo Stand |346 | | |
|Assisting a Team Member |346 |Gowning and Gloving the Surgeons and Draping the |214 |
| | |Patient (Ch. 16) | |
|Draping the Surgical Patient |346 |Draping (Ch. 11) |104 |
| | |Gowning and Gloving the Surgeons and Draping the |214 |
| | |Patient (Ch. 16) | |
|Positioning of the Sterile Team Members and the |353 |Gowning and Gloving the Surgeons and Draping the |214 |
|Furniture | |Patient (Ch. 16) | |
|INTRAOPERATIVE CASE MANAGEMENT |353 | | |
|General Principles |353 |Intraoperative Procedures (Ch. 16) |215 |
| | |Instrumentation |215 |
| | |Specimens |216 |
| | |Communication |217 |
| | |Completion of the Procedure-Final Count |217 |
|Progression of the Surgical Procedure |361 | | |
|POSTOPERATIVE CASE MANAGEMENT |363 | | |
|Preservation of the Sterile Field |363 | | |
|Drape Removal |363 | | |
|Gown and Glove Removal |364 | | |
|Immediate Postoperative Care |364 | | |
|Patient Transfer and Transportation |364 |Completion of the Procedure-Final Count |217 |
| | |(Ch. 16) | |
|Breakdown of the Setup |365 |Completion of the Procedure-Final Count |217 |
| | |(Ch. 16) | |
|The Operating Room Cycle |365 | | |
|The Instrument Cycle |366 |During Surgery and After Surgery (Ch. 15) |209 |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 13 | |No chapter(s) on this topic. | |
|DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES | | | |
|SOURCES OF PATIENT DATA |371 | | |
|History and Physical Examination |371 | | |
|Diagnostic Imaging |371 | | |
|Laboratory Reports |378 | | |
|Electrodiagnostic Studies |381 | | |
|Pulmonary Diagnosis |382 | | |
|Endoscopy |383 | | |
|Plethysmography and Phleborheography |383 | | |
|INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY |383 | | |
|CHAPTER 14 | |CH. 19 GENERAL SURGERY | |
|GENERAL SURGERY | | | |
|ANATOMY |386 |Intro. Paragraphs |238 |
|Abdominal Cavity: General Dimensions |386 |Structures of the Abdominal Cavity |240 |
|Surface Features |386 | | |
|Abdominal Musculature |387 | | |
|Peritoneum |387 | | |
|Retroperitoneum |388 | | |
|Alimentary Canal |388 | | |
|Esophagus |388 |Esophagus |240 |
|Stomach |389 |Stomach |240 |
|Small Intestine |390 |Small Intestine |240 |
|Mesentery |391 |Small Intestine |240 |
|Colon |391 |Large Intestine |241 |
|Rectum |393 |Rectum |242 |
|Anus |393 | | |
|Omenta |394 | | |
|Pancreas |394 |Pancreas |242 |
|Spleen |395 |Spleen |246 |
|Liver |395 |Liver |242 |
|Biliary Tract |396 |Gallbladder |242 |
|GENERAL SURGERY INSTRUMENTATION |397 | | |
|Major Set |397 | | |
|Minor Set |397 | | |
|Local Excision Instruments |399 | | |
|Biliary Instruments |399 | | |
|Intestinal Instruments |400 | | |
|Other General Instruments |400 | | |
|ROOM SETUP |400 | | |
|POSITIONING |400 |Laparotomy |246 |
|DRAPING |400 |Laparotomy |246 |
|INCISIONS |402 |Abdominal Incisions |238 |
|SURGERY OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL: HERNIAS |404 | | |
|Specific Anatomic Features of the Groin Area |404 | | |
|Hernias |405 | | |
|Hernia Repair |405 |Hernia Repair |308 |
|SURGERY OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL |407 | | |
|Surgery of the Esophagus |408 | | |
|Gastric Surgery |408 | | |
|Pathological Conditions of the Stomach |408 |Gastrostomy |249 |
|Procedures Related to Gastric Secretion, Ulcers, and |416 | | |
|Neoplasm | | | |
|Procedures for Morbid Obesity |416 |Gastric Bypass |275 |
|Surgery of the Small Bowel |416 |Anastomosis of the Small Intestine |252 |
|Appendectomy |420 |Appendectomy |263 |
|Colon Surgery |425 |Colon Resection and Anastomosis |256 |
|STOMAS |427 | | |
|Anorectal Surgery |427 |Excision of Anal Fistula |321 |
|Hemorrhoid Ligation and Excision |430 |Hemorrhoidectomy |319 |
|Surgery of the Liver and Biliary Tract |430 |Wedge Resection of the Liver |271 |
|Common Bile Duct Exploration |439 |Operative Cholangiography: Exploration of the Common |266 |
| | |Bile Duct | |
| | |Cholecystectomy |265 |
|SURGERY OF THE PANCREAS AND SPLEEN |447 | | |
|Select Pathology of the Pancreas |447 | | |
|Draining Pancreatic Cysts |448 | | |
|Pancreatic Resection |448 | | |
|Whipple Pancreaticoduodenectomy |448 |Pancreaticojejunostomy (Whipple’s Procedure) |271 |
|Surgery of the Spleen |452 |Splenectomy |269 |
|VASCULAR AND OTHER PROCEDURES |454 | | |
|Varicose Veins |454 |Internal Vein Stripping (Ch. 25) |541 |
|Vascular Access Procedures |455 | | |
|Muscle and Nerve Biopsies |456 | | |
|Incision and Drainage |456 | | |
|Excision of Lesion |456 | | |
|Endoscopy |457 |Fiberoptic Procedures |324 |
|BREAST SURGERY |457 | | |
|Breast Anatomy |457 | | |
|Breast and Axilla: Pathology and Diagnosis |457 | | |
|Breast Surgery (Noncosmetic) |457 |Breast Surgery |321 |
|SURGERY OF THE THYROID AND PARATHYROID |461 |Thyroid Surgery |322 |
|Anatomy of the Thyroid and Parathyroid |461 | | |
|Pathological Conditions of the Thyroid and Parathyroid |461 | | |
|Glands | | | |
|Thyroidectomy |461 |Thyroidectomy |322 |
|TRACHEOTOMY |461 |Tracheotomy (Ch. 24) |479 |
|Indications for a Tracheotomy |461 | | |
|Illustrative Procedure: Tracheotomy |467 | | |
|CHAPTER 15 | |CH. 21 OBSTETRIC AND GYNOCOLOGIC SURGERY | |
|OBSTETRIC AND GYNOCOLOGIC SURGERY | | | |
|INTRODUCTION TO OBSTETRIC AND GYNOCOLOGICAL SURGERY |478 |Intro. Paragraph |350 |
|ANATOMY |478 |Surgical Anatomy |350 |
|The Pelvis |478 | | |
|External Genitalia |481 |External Genitalia and Associated Structures | |
|Vagina |481 | | |
|Uterus |482 |Uterus |350 |
|Fallopian Tubes |483 |Fallopian Tubes |350 |
|Ovaries |483 |Ovaries |350 |
|PREGNANCY-A SPECIAL CONDITION |485 | | |
|Select Key Terms in Labor and Delivery |486 | | |
|Labor |486 | | |
|SPECIAL INSTRUMENTATION, DRUGS, EQUIPMENT, AND SUPPLIES|487 | | |
|IN OBSTETRIC AND GYNOCOLOGICAL SURGERY | | | |
|Instrumentation |487 | | |
| Drugs |487 | | |
|Equipment |494 | | |
|Supplies |494 | | |
|OR SETUP AND BASIC PATIENT POSITIONING AND DRAPING |494 | | |
|SURGICAL PROCEDURES: OBSTETRICS AND FERTILITY RELATED |494 | | |
|Pathology and Surgical Conditions: Obstetrics and |494 | | |
|Fertility Related | | | |
|Vaginal Delivery |495 | | |
|Cesarean Section |497 |Cesarean Section |362 |
|Tubal Occlusion (Sterilization) Procedures |503 |Tubal Ligation: Pomeroy and Irving Techniques |358 |
|Tuboplasty |504 | | |
|Laproscopic Resection of Unruptured Tubal Pregnancy |507 | | |
|SURGICAL PROCEDURES: GYNECOLOGICAL PROCEDURES |510 | | |
|Gynecological Pathology |510 | | |
|SURGICAL INTERVENTION OVERVIEW |510 | | |
|Abdominal Incisions for Gynecological Surgery |510 |Abdominal Procedures |355 |
|Surgical Intervention: Laparoscopy |515 | | |
|Basic Colposcopy |518 | | |
|Hysteroscopy |518 | | |
|Marsupialization of Bartholin’s Gland Cyst |521 |Excision of Cystic Bartholin’s Gland |366 |
|Simple Vulvectomy |521 |Simple Vulvectomy |370 |
|Anterior and Posterior Repair (Colporrhaphy) |524 |Repair of Cystocele and Rectocele (Anterior and |369 |
| | |Posterior Repair) | |
|Cervical Biopsy, Cryotherapy, Laser Treatment, LEEP, |533 |Conization of the Cervix |364 |
|and Conization | | | |
|Dilation and Curettage |535 |Dilation and Curettage |364 |
|Myomectomy |538 | | |
|Total Abdominal Hysterectomy and Bilateral |542 |Abdominal Hysterectomy |354 |
|Salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH-BSO) | |Salpingo-oophorectomy |356 |
|Vaginal and Laparoscopically Assisted Vaginal |546 |Vaginal Hysterectomy |374 |
|Hysterectomy (LAVH) | | | |
|Radical Cancer Surgery: Total Pelvic Exenteration |547 | | |
|CHAPTER 16 | |CH. 27 EYE SURGERY | |
|OPHTHALMIC SURGERY | | | |
|ANATOMY OF THE EYE |554 |Surgical Anatomy |572 |
|Orbit |554 |The Bony Orbit |572 |
|Extrinsic Muscles |555 |The Ocular Muscles |572 |
|Lacrimal System |555 |The Lacrimal Apparatus |573 |
|Globe |556 |External Layers of the Eyeball |573 |
|Cavities and Chambers of the Eye |558 |The Eye’s Chambers |575 |
|OPHTHALMIC SURGICAL PATHOLOGY |558 | | |
|Glaucoma |558 |Filtering Procedure for Glaucoma |597 |
|Cataract |558 |Intracapsular Cataract Extraction |590 |
|Small Retinal Detachment |558 |Retinal Detachment |597 |
|Large Retinal Detachment |558 | | |
|Vitreous Hemorrhage |558 | | |
|Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR) |559 | | |
|Traction Retinal Detachment |559 | | |
|Epiretinal Membarane |559 | | |
|Corneal Pathology |559 | | |
|Chalazion |559 | | |
|Pterygium |559 |Excision of Pterygium |578 |
|Dacryocystitis |559 |Dacryocystorhinostomy for Lacrimal Blockage |587 |
|Strabismus |559 |Muscle Surgery: Lateral Rectus Resection and Medial |584 |
| | |Rectus Recession | |
|OPTHALMIC MEDICATIONS |560 |Special Medications |577 |
|SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN OPHTHALMIC SURGERY |560 | | |
|Special Equipment |560 |Special Equipment |575 |
|Instruments |561 |Ophthalmic Instruments |577 |
|SURGICAL INTERVENTION |562 |Surgical Procedures |577 |
|Surgical Repair of Ptosis |562 |External Levator Resection for Ptosis |581 |
|Iridectomy |563 |Filtering Procedure for Glaucoma |597 |
|Trabeculoplasty |563 | | |
|Strabismus Correction: Recession/Resection |563 |Muscle Surgery: Lateral Rectus Resection and Medial |584 |
| | |Rectus Recession | |
|Adjustable Suture Surgery |566 | | |
|Scleral Buckle |567 | | |
|Enucleation and Evisceration of the Eye (Traditional |571 |Enucleation |589 |
|Approach) | | | |
|Keratoplasty (Corneal Transplant) |573 |Corneal Transplant (Penetrating Keratoplasty) | |
|Cataract Extraction |577 |Intracapsular Cataract Extraction |590 |
|Phacoemulsification |580 |Related Procedure |592 |
|Vitrectomy |580 |Closed Vitrectomy |598 |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 17 | |CH. 28 EAR, NOSE, THROAT, AND MOUTH SURGERY | |
|OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGIC SURGERY | | | |
|ANATOMY OF THE EAR |587 |Surgical Anatomy |600 |
|Outer Ear |587 |External Ear |600 |
|Middle Ear |588 |Middle Ear |600 |
|Inner Ear |588 |Inner Ear |600 |
|PATHOLOGY OF THE EAR |589 | | |
|Pathology Affecting the Outer Ear |589 | | |
|Pathology Affecting the Middle Ear |589 | | |
|Pathology Affecting the Inner Ear |590 | | |
|Diagnostic Procedures/Tests for the Ear |590 | | |
|PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS |591 |Surgical Procedures |608 |
|SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, DRUGS |592 |Special Equipment |602 |
|EAR PROCEDURES |592 |Surgical Procedures |608 |
|Myringotomy |592 |Myringotomy with Insertion of Ear Tubes |608 |
|Myringoplasty/Tympanoplasty |596 |Tympanoplasty |613 |
|Mastoidectomy |600 |Radical Mastoidectomy |610 |
|Stapedectomy |600 |Stapedectomy |609 |
|Stapedotomy |600 | | |
|Cochlear Implants |601 |Cochlear Implantation |615 |
|ANATOMY OF THE NOSE AND SINUSES |601 |Surgical Anatomy |616 |
|External Nose |601 |External Nose |616 |
|Internal Nose |601 |External Nose |616 |
|Paranasal Sinuses |602 |Paranasal Sinuses |616 |
|Blood Supply to the Nose |602 | | |
|Olfaction |603 | | |
|PATHOLOGY OF THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES |603 | | |
|Rhinitis/Sinusitis |603 | | |
|Nasal Polyps |604 | | |
|Hypertrophied Turbinates |604 | | |
|Deviated Nasal Septum |604 | | |
|Septal Perforation |604 | | |
|Epistaxis |604 | | |
|DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES |605 | | |
|Direct Vision |605 | | |
|Mirror Examination |605 | | |
|Radiography |605 | | |
|PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS |605 | | |
|SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, AND DRUGS |606 | | |
|NASAL PROCEDURES |609 |Surgical Procedures |620 |
|Submucous Resection (SMR) |609 |Nasal Septal Reconstruction |620 |
|Polypectomy |612 |Polypectomy |622 |
|Intranasal Antrostomy |612 | | |
|Removal of Foreign Body |612 | | |
|Internal Maxillary Artery Ligation |613 | | |
|Sinus Procedures |613 | | |
|Caldwell-Luc |613 |Caldwell-Luc Procedure |621 |
|Ethmoidectomy |615 | | |
|Sphenoidectomy |616 | | |
|Drainage of the Frontal Sinus |616 | | |
|Sinus Endoscopy |616 | | |
|ANATOMY OF THE UPPER AERODIGESTIVE TRACT |618 |Surgical Anatomy |616 |
|Pharynx |618 |Pharynx |616 |
|Larynx |620 |Larynx |616 |
|Trachea |621 |Trachea |619 |
|Bronchi and Lungs |621 |The Lungs and Associated Respiratory Structures (Ch. |469 |
| | |24) | |
|Esophagus |621 |Esophagus (Ch. 19) |240 |
|PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE UPPER AERODIGESTIVE TRACT |621 | | |
|Pharyngitis |621 | | |
|Epiglottis |622 | | |
|Tonsillitis |622 | | |
|Sleep Apnea |623 | | |
|Laryngitis |623 | | |
|Polypoid Corditis or Vocal Cord Polyps |623 | | |
|Vocal Cord Nodules |623 | | |
|Vocal Cord Granulomas |623 | | |
|Laryngeal Neoplasms |624 | | |
|Tracheitis and Bronchitis |624 | | |
|Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup) |624 | | |
|Foreign Bodies |624 | | |
|PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE ESOPHAGUS |624 | | |
|Esophagitis |624 | | |
|Ulceration of the Esophagus |624 | | |
|Neoplasms Affecting the Esophagus |624 | | |
|Foreign Bodies |625 | | |
|Zenker’s Diverticulum |625 | | |
|DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES/TESTS |625 | | |
|Direct Visualization |625 | | |
|Indirect Visualization |625 | | |
|Laboratory Tests |625 | | |
|Radiological Examinations |625 | | |
|Videostroboscopy |626 | | |
|Polysomnography |626 | | |
|Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) |626 | | |
|PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS |626 | | |
|SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, DRUGS |626 | | |
|AERODIGESTIVE TRACT PROCEDURES |628 | | |
|Adenoidectomy |628 |Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy |624 |
|Tonsillectomy |628 |Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy |624 |
|Incision and Drainage of a Peritonsellar Abscess |631 | | |
|Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty |631 | | |
|Laryngoscopy |633 |Laryngoscopy |622 |
|Bronchoscopy |636 | | |
|Esophagoscopy |636 | | |
|Panendoscopy |636 | | |
|Radical Neck Dissection with Mandibulectomy |636 |Radical Neck Dissection |624 |
|CHAPTER 18 | |CH. 28 EAR, NOSE, THROAT, AND MOUTH SURGERY | |
|ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY | |CHAPTER 29 | |
| | |PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY | |
|ANATOMY OF THE ORAL CAVITY |645 |Surgical Anatomy |616 |
|Lips |645 |Lips |619 |
|Teeth |645 |Teeth |620 |
|Palate |646 | | |
|Cheeks |646 |Cheeks |619 |
|Tongue |646 |Tongue |619 |
|ANATOMY OF THE FACE AND CRANIUM |646 | | |
|Orbit |647 | | |
|Facial Muscles and Innervation |647 | | |
|EMBRYOLOGICAL EVELOPMENT OF THE FACE |648 | | |
|PATHOLOGY OF THE ORAL CAVITY |649 | | |
|Mouth |649 | | |
|Jaw Bones |649 | | |
|Mandibular Fractures |649 | | |
|Frontal Fractures |650 | | |
|Orbital Fractures |650 | | |
|Zygomatic Fractures |650 | | |
|Midfacial Fractures |651 | | |
|Craniofacial Deformities |651 | | |
|DIAGNOSTIC TESTS |651 | | |
|ORAL PROCEDURES: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS |652 |Dental Procedures |626 |
|Tooth Extraction/Odontectomy |653 |Dental Extraction |626 |
|Tooth Restoration |657 | | |
|Implantation |657 | | |
|MAXILLOFACIAL PROCEDURES: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS |658 | | |
|Graft Materials |658 | | |
|Repair of Mandibular/Maxillary Fractures |659 |Repair of Fractured Mandible (Ch. 29) |653 |
| | |Repair of Fractured Maxilla |653 |
|Application of Arch Bars |659 |Application of Arch Bars (Ch. 29) |651 |
|Wire Fixation |662 | | |
|Plate and Screw Fixation of Mandibular Fracture |663 | | |
|Frontal Fracture Repair |666 | | |
|Orbital Floor Fracture Repair |667 | | |
|Reduction of Zygomatic Fractures |670 |Repair of Fractured Zygoma (Ch. 29) |653 |
|Le Fort I Fracture Repair |671 | | |
|Le Fort II and III Fracture Repair |675 | | |
|Craniofacial Reconstruction |675 | | |
|Correction of Retrognathism or Prognathism |679 | | |
|Temporomandibular Joint Procedures |682 | | |
|CHAPTER 19 | |CHAPTER 29 | |
|PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY | |PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY | |
|ANATOMY |685 |Surgical Anatomy |629 |
|Skin and Underlying Structures |685 |Surgical Anatomy |629 |
|Palate |687 | | |
|Nose |687 | | |
|Hand |687 | | |
|Breast |694 | | |
|SURGICAL PATHOLOGY |694 | | |
|Pathology Affecting the Skin |694 | | |
|Cleft Lip and Palate |696 | | |
|Pathology Affecting the Hand |697 | | |
|Pathology Affecting the Breast |701 | | |
|DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND TESTS |701 | | |
|SPECIAL INSTRUMENTATION, SUPPLIES, DRUGS, AND EQUIPMENT|701 |Special Equipment and Materials |631 |
|Nasal Set |701 | | |
|Dermatome |702 | | |
|Mesh Graft Device |704 | | |
|SURGICAL INTERVENTION |704 |Surgical Procedures |631 |
|Rhytidectomy |704 |Rhytidectomy |634 |
|Blepharoplasty |706 |Blepharoplasty |641 |
|Suction Lipectomy |707 | | |
|Abdominoplasty |708 | | |
|Skin Grafts |709 |Skin Grafts |631 |
|Dermabrasion |713 |Dermabrasion |641 |
|Scar Revision |713 | | |
|Cheiloplasty and Palatoplasty |713 |Repair of Cleft Palate and Repair of Cleft Lip |651 |
|Rhinoplasty |714 |Rhinoplasty |644 |
|Hand Surgery |716 | | |
|Mammoplasty |723 |Reduction Mammoplasty and Augmentation Mammoplasty and|661 |
| | |Trans-Rectus Abdominus Myocutaneous Flap | |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 20 | |CH. 22 UROGENITAL SURGERY | |
|GENITOURINARY SURGERY | | | |
|ANATOMY |732 |Surgical Anatomy |378 |
|Suprarenal Glands |732 |Adrenal Glands |378 |
|Kidneys |732 |Kidneys |378 |
|Ureters |735 |Ureter |378 |
|Urinary Bladder |736 |Urinary Bladder |381 |
|Male Reproductive System |737 |External Reproductive Organs of the Male |381 |
| | |Internal Reproductive Organs of the Male |382 |
|PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE ADRENAL GLANDS |739 | | |
|Cushing’s Syndrome |739 | | |
|Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s Disease) |739 | | |
|Pheochromocytoma |739 | | |
|PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE URINARY SYSTEM |739 | | |
|Bladder Tumors |739 | | |
|Urinary Calculi |740 | | |
|Kidney Disorders |740 | | |
|PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM |743 | | |
|Phimosis |743 | | |
|Hypospadias/Epispadias |743 | | |
|Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy |743 | | |
|Cancer of the Prostate |744 | | |
|Cryptorchidism |744 | | |
|Testicular Torsion |744 | | |
|Testicular Cancer |744 | | |
|Trauma to the Genitourinary System |745 | | |
|DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES/TESTS |745 |Diagnostic Procedures |404 |
|History and Physical |745 | | |
|Laboratory Findings |745 | | |
|Radiological Findings |751 | | |
|Biopsy |751 | | |
|Endoscopy |751 | | |
|SPECIAL EQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, DRUGS |751 |Open Procedures |383 |
| | |Closed Procedures: Cytoscopy |399 |
|PREOPERATIVE AND INTRAOPERATIVE PREPARATION |752 |Duties of the Cytoscopic assistant |404 |
|Incisional Options |754 | | |
|SURGICAL PROCEDURES |757 | | |
|Adrenalectomy |757 | | |
|Nephrectomy |757 |Simple Nephrectomy |383 |
|Renal Transplant |762 |Kidney Transplantation |385 |
|Stone Removal |763 |Pyelolithotomy |387 |
|Cystostomy |764 |Suprapubic Cystostomy |389 |
|Cystectomy/Ileal Conduit |766 |Ileal Conduit |387 |
|Procedures for Stress Incontinence Affecting Women |771 |Vesicourethral Suspension (Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz |390 |
| | |Procedure) | |
|Transurethral Endoscopy of the Genitourinary Tract |774 |Closed Procedures: Cytoscopy |399 |
|Circumcision |776 |Circumcision |392 |
|Orchiectomy |778 |Simple Orchiectomy |394 |
|Orchiopexy |778 |Orchiopexy |397 |
|Hydrocelectomy |781 |Hydrocelectomy |398 |
|Varicocelectomy |781 | | |
|Hypospadias Repair |782 |Repair of Hypospadias |394 |
|Insertion of Inflatable Penile Prosthesis |782 |Insertion of a Penile Implant |394 |
|Vasectomy |783 |Vasectomy |398 |
|Vasovasostomy |784 | | |
|Prostatectomy |784 |Suprapubic Prostatectomy |390 |
| | |Retropubic Prostatectomy |391 |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 21 | |CHAPTER 23 | |
|ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY | |ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY | |
|BONE AND BONE TISSUE |792 |Surgical Anatomy |412 |
|Bone Tissue |792 |Bone Tissue and membranes |412 |
|Types of Bones |794 |Classification of Bones |412 |
|Types of Joints |794 |The Articular System |420 |
|Bone Growth and Bone Cells |797 | | |
|Intramembranous Bones |798 | | |
|Endochondral Bone |798 | | |
|Mineral Storage |798 | | |
|Factors That Affect Bone Growth |798 | | |
|Clinical and Bone Landmark Terms |798 |Bone Landmarks |416 |
|PATHOLOGY |798 |Fractures |425 |
|Types of Fractures |805 |Classification of Fractures |425 |
|Normal Bone Healing |805 | | |
|Pathological Bone Healing |806 |Fracture Management |426 |
|Diagnostic Terms and Procedures |808 | | |
|THE SKELETON |808 |The Skeleton |412 |
|The Skull |808 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Vertebral Column |811 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Bones of the Thoracic Region |812 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Clavicles |812 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Scapula |812 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Pectoral Girdle |812 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Humerus |812 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Radius and Ulna |813 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Hand and Wrist |814 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Pelvis |814 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Hip and Femur |814 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Tibia and Fibula |814 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|Ankle and Foot |816 |The Bones of the Body |416 |
|EQUIPMENT |818 |Orthopedic Equipment and Supplies |427 |
|Positioning Devices |818 |Orthopedic Table and Surgical Armboard |432 |
|Pneumatic Tourniquets |819 |Pneumatic Tourniquet |429 |
|Traction |819 | | |
|Lasers |819 | | |
|Radiography |819 | | |
|Air Flow |820 | | |
|Continuous Passive Range-of-Motion Machines |820 | | |
|Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation |820 | | |
|Electrical Stimulation of Bone |820 | | |
|Saws, Drills, and Reamers |820 |Power Equipment |429 |
| | |Orthopedic Instruments |435 |
|Arthroscopic Equipment |820 |Arthroscopic Equipment |438 |
|SUPPLIES |821 |Orthopedic Equipment and Supplies |427 |
|Implants |821 |Orthopedic Instruments |432 |
|Suture |821 | | |
|Methyl Methacrylate |821 |Methyl Methacrylate Cement |429 |
|Pharmacology |821 | | |
|PROCEDURES |822 | | |
|Bone Grafting |822 | | |
|Knee Arthroscopy |824 |Arthroscopic Surgery |438 |
|Arthroscopic Repair of Meniscal Tear |827 |Arthroscopic Surgery |438 |
|Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair | |Arthroscopic Surgery |438 |
|Above-the-Knee Amputation | |Above-Knee Amputation (Ch. 25) |542 |
|Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release |832 |Open Procedures: Exposure and Description |442 |
|Colle’s Fracture |835 | | |
|Metacarpal Phalangeal Joint Arthroplasty |840 |Open Procedures: Exposure and Description |442 |
|Triple Arthrodesis |840 | | |
|Achilles Tendon Repair |841 | | |
|Bunionectomy |842 | | |
|Open Reduction-Internal Fixation (ORIF) of the Humerus |842 |Open Procedures: Exposure and Description |442 |
| Shoulder Joint Arthroscopy |845 |Arthroscopic Surgery |438 |
|Acromioplasty |846 | | |
|Repair of the Rotator Cuff |846 |Arthroscopic Surgery |438 |
|Internal Fixation of Femoral Shaft Fracture |851 |Open Procedures: Exposure and Description |442 |
|Repair of Hip Fracture |852 |Open Procedures: Exposure and Description |442 |
|Total Hip Arthroplasty |852 |Open Procedures: Exposure and Description |442 |
|Total Knee Arthroplasty |859 |Open Procedures: Exposure and Description |442 |
| | | | |
|CHAPTER 22 | |CHAPTER 24 | |
|CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY | |CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY | |
|ANATOMY OF THE CHEST |864 |Surgical Anatomy |467 |
|The Thorax |864 |The Thoracic Cavity |467 |
|The Trachea |866 |The Lungs and Associated Respiratory Structures |469 |
|The Bronchial Tree |866 |The Lungs and Associated Respiratory Structures |469 |
|The Lungs |867 |The Lungs and Associated Respiratory Structures |469 |
|ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE HEART |868 | | |
|Location of the Heart |868 |The Heart |467 |
|Coverings of the Heart |869 |The Heart |467 |
|The Heart Wall |869 |The Heart |467 |
|The Heart Chambers |869 |The Heart |467 |
|The Heart Valves |869 |The Heart |467 |
|Blood Flow Through the Heart |870 |The Heart |467 |
|Blood Supply for the Heart |871 |The Heart |467 |
|The Cardiac Cycle |871 |The Heart |469 |
|Cardiac Output |872 | | |
|Cardiac Conduction |872 | | |
|Anatomical Development of the Heart |872 | | |
|OPERATIVE PATHOLOGY |873 | | |
|The Chest Wall |873 | | |
|The Mediastinum |873 | | |
|The Lungs |874 | | |
|Thoracic Trauma |875 | | |
|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome |877 | | |
|Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm |877 | | |
|Coronary Artery Disease |879 | | |
|Valvular Disease |881 | | |
|Cardiomyopathy |882 | | |
|Cardiac Dysrythmias |882 | | |
|Congenital Heart Defects |884 | | |
|DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES: THORAX |887 | | |
|Bronchoscopy |887 |Bronchoscopy |476 |
|Mediastinoscopy |887 |Mediastinoscopy |478 |
|Thoracoscopy |887 | | |
|Thoracentesis |889 | | |
|DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES: CARDIAC |889 | | |
|Radiological Studies |889 | | |
|SURGICAL INTERVENTION: THORACIC |889 | | |
|Special Preoperative Considerations |889 | | |
|Special Instrumentation, Supplies, Drugs, and Equipment|889 | | |
|Patient Preparation |890 | | |
|Thoracoscopy |892 | | |
|Scalene/Supraclavicular Node Biopsy |895 | | |
|Thoracotomy for Upper Lobectomy |895 |Lobectomy |484 |
|Thoracotomy for Right Pneumonectomy |899 |Pneumonectomy |485 |
|Thoracotomy for Wedge Resection or Segmentectomy |899 |Lung Biopsy |483 |
|Decortication of Lung |899 | | |
|SURGICAL INTERVENTION: CARDIAC (ADULT) |900 | | |
|Preoperative Considerations |900 | | |
|Patient Preparation |901 | | |
|Techniques of Cardiopulmonary Bypass |901 |Cardiopulmonary Bypass |497 |
|Mechanical Circulatory Assistance |904 |Insertion and Removal of Intra-Aortic Ballon Catheter |523 |
|Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |905 |Coronary Artery Bypass |507 |
|Aortic Valve Replacement |911 |Aortic Valve Replacement |512 |
|Mitral Valve Replacement |916 |Mitral Valve Replacement |513 |
|Thoracic Aortic Aneurysmectomy |917 |Resection of Aneurysms of the Descending Thoracic |491 |
| | |Aorta | |
|Pericardiectomy/Pericardial Window |918 | | |
|Heart Transplantation |919 | | |
|Permanent Pacemaker Insertion |920 |Implantation of a Pacemaker |505 |
|Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty |921 |Coronary Angioplasty |512 |
|SURGICAL INTERVENTION: CARDIAC (PEDIATRIC) |921 | | |
|Special Preoperative Preparation |922 | | |
|Atrial Septal Defect |922 |Closure of Atrial Septal Defect |518 |
|Ventricular Septal Defect |922 |Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect |519 |
|Patent Ductus Arteriosus |923 |Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus |487 |
|Correction of Aortic Coarctation |924 |Correction of Coarctation of the Thoracic Aorta |489 |
|Procedure for Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot |924 |Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot |522 |
|Procedure for Correction of Transposition of the Great |925 | | |
|Arteries | | | |
|CHAPTER 23 | |CH. 25 | |
|PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SURGERY | |PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SURGERY | |
|PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SURGERY |928 |Intro. Paragraph |527 |
|SURGICAL ANATOMY |928 |Surgical Anatomy |527 |
|Blood Vessels |928 |Surgical Anatomy |527 |
|Blood Pressure |930 | | |
|The Arterial System |931 | | |
|The Venous System |933 | | |
|OPERATIVE PATHOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS |934 | | |
|Arterial Embolism |935 | | |
|Arteriosclerosis Obliterans |935 | | |
|Aneurysms of the Abdominal Aorta |936 | | |
|SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS |937 |Surgical Procedures |530 |
|Peripheral Vessel Angioplasty |937 | | |
|Bypass Grafting and Endarterectomy |939 |Special Equipment |527 |
|Features of Peripheral Vascular Procedure |940 |Special Equipment |527 |
|Aortofemoral Bypass |943 |Resection of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic |532 |
| | |Femoral Bypass | |
|Abdominal Aortic Aneurysmectomy |947 |Resection of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic |532 |
| | |Femoral Bypass | |
|Femoropopliteal Bypass |950 |Femoral Popliteal Bypass |534 |
|Femorofemoral Bypass |954 | | |
|Axillofemoral Bypass |956 | | |
|Carotid Endarterectomy |959 |Carotid Endarterectomy |530 |
|CHAPTER 24 | |CH. 26 NEUROSURGERY | |
|NEUROSURGERY | | | |
|SURGICAL ANATOMY |966 |Surgical Anatomy |549 |
|Divisions of the Nervous System |966 |Surgical Anatomy |549 |
|Cranium |966 |Central Nervous System |549 |
|Vertebral Column |973 |Spinal Cord |552 |
|Blood Supply |974 | | |
|Cranial Nerves |974 |Cranial Nerves |552 |
|Spinal Nerves |974 |Spinal Nerves |553 |
|NEUROSURGICAL PATHOLOGY |976 | | |
|Cervical Spine |976 | | |
|Thoracic Spine |977 | | |
|Lumbar Spine |978 | | |
|Neoplasms |979 | | |
|Head Injury |980 | | |
|Spinal Cord Injury |982 | | |
|Cerebrovascular Disease |982 | | |
|Congenital Abnormalities |983 | | |
|INFECTION |984 | | |
|Abscess |984 | | |
|Spinal Tumors |985 | | |
|Peripheral Nerve Disorders |985 | | |
|NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES |986 |Surgical Procedures |559 |
|Special Instrumentation, Supplies, Drugs, and Equipment|986 |Special Equipment |555 |
| | |Drugs Used in Neurosurgery |558 |
|Patient Preparation |990 |Positioning, Prepping, and Draping |554 |
|Craniotomy |991 |Craniotomy |564 |
|Craniectomy |1001 | | |
|Ventriculoperitoneal and Ventriculoatrial Shunt |1005 |Shunting Procedures |570 |
|Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy |1008 | | |
|Stereotactic Procedure |1011 | | |
|Cranioplasty |1012 |Cranioplasty |568 |
|Spinal Procedures |1012 |Lumbar Laminectomy |560 |
| | |Anterior Cervical Fusion |563 |
|Peripheral Nerve Procedure |1020 |Peripheral Nerve Repair |559 |
|ADVANCES IN NEUROSURGERY |1022 |Intracranial Microsurgery |567 |
| Intraoperative MRI |1022 | | |
|Three-Dimensional Reconstruction |1022 | | |
|Radiosurgery |1022 | | |
|Minimal Invasive Techniques |1022 | | |
|Stereotaxis |1022 | | |
|Intraoperative Ultrasound |1023 | | |
|Brain Mapping |1023 | | |
|Endoscopic Neurosurgery |1023 | | |
|Deep Brain Stimulation |1023 | | |
| | | | |
|APPENDIX A: ANATOMY PLATES |1025 | | |
|APPENDIX B: COMMON PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES |1036 | | |
|APPENDIX C: MEASUREMENTS |1039 | | |
| | | | |
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