Weebly



DiseasesI. Canine - Common diseases prevented with canine vaccines.A. Distemper: A viral disease (similar to the human measles virus) that attacks the central nervous system and upper respiratory system. 1. Transmission: direct contact with body secretions, air2. Symptoms: fever, anorexia, depression, nasal/ocular discharge, vomiting, 328612510668000diarrhea, CNS signs, hard pads3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedB. Hepatitis: A viral disease that lives in the lymph nodes and spreads to the liver.1. Transmission: direct oronasal route, ectoparasites, fomites2. Symptoms: abdominal pain, bloody vomiting, bloody diarrhea, enlarged abdomen, epistaxiss3257550202565003. Treatment: supportive 4. Prognosis: death can occur within 5 days of symptomsC. Leptospirosis: Bacterial disease that attacks the kidney, muscles, and liver.1. Transmission: urine or direct contact with body fluids2. Symptoms: muscle tenderness, vomiting, renal and hepatic failure, fever, anorexia3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guarded32004000005. Zoonotic potentialD. Parainfluenza: A virus that attacks the upper respiratory system.1. Transmission: direct contact with body fluids or air2. Symptoms: fever, coughing, conjunctivitis, lethargy, anorexia3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: goodE. Parvovirus: A virus that attacks the intestinal lining typically in puppies.1. Transmission: fecal-oral route, air2. Symptoms: bloody water diarrhea, fever, depression, dehydrationDobermans, Rottweilers, English Springer Spaniels are at a higher risk.3. Treatment: Supportive32004002540004. Prognosis: guarded (most will die of dehydration without treatment)F. Coronavirus: A virus that attacks the intestinal lining of puppies1. Transmission: fecal-oral route, air2. Symptoms: can be asymptomatic for a short period of time. The villi in the small intestine are damaged which can be worsened by opportunistic viruses (parvo), bacteria, or parasites. Vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, lethargy, mild fever3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: graveG. Bordatella: A bacteria that attacks the upper respiratory system. 1. Transmission: air; highly contagious2. Symptoms: dry, hacking cough; slightly elevated temperature; can lead to pneumonia in compromised patients3. Treatment: cough suppressants, antibiotics for secondary diseases4. Prognosis: good298132534988500H. Lyme Disease (Borrelia burgdorfei): A bacteria disease found in the northeastern, north central and west coast of the US.1. Transmission: deer tick2. Symptoms: fever, myocarditisInflammatory joints3. Treatment: long term antibioticI. Rabies: A virus that attacks the central nervous system.1. Transmission: body secretions from infected animalsTop carriers of rabies are skunks, raccoons, bats, foxes, and coyotes.Incubation period:a. Dogs 3-8 weeksb. Cats 2-6 weeksc. Horses 2-3 weeksd. Humans 3-6 weeks2. Symptoms – divided into phasesa. Prodormal: lasts 1-3 days average; the animal will show subtle behavior changes and run a feverb. Furious: lasts 1-7 days average; the becomes increasing restless with episodes of aggression, ataxis, disorientation, seizures; horses will show excessive salivation and chokingc. Paralytic: animal shows paralysis and respiratory failure; death follows quickly3. Diagnosis: Any bite case should be reported to the local health authorities. There is a 10 day quarantine period for bite cases involving vaccinated dogs. Suspected rabid animals should be euthanized and have their head sent to the state lab to be tested. The lab looks for Negri bodies found at the base of the brain.4. Treatment: euthanize5. ZoonoticII. Feline - Common diseases prevented with feline vaccines.A. Rhinotracheitis (Feline herpesvirus -1): A virus that attacks the upper respiratory system especially in kittens.1. Transmission: body fluids, air3933825204470002. Symptoms: severe URI symptoms, depression, sneezing, ocular/nasal discharge, dyspnea, coughing3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: grave (mortality high in kittens)B. Calicivirus: A virus that attacks the upper respiratory system.1. Transmission: body fluids, air2. Symptoms: mild URI symptoms3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: goodC. Panleukopenia: A virus that attacks the lymph nodes and internal organs.1. Transmission: body fluids, biting insects, air2. Symptoms: can have a sudden onset, fever, anorexia, weight loss, vomiting, diarrhea, leukopenia3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: graveD. Chlamydia psittaci: A virus that causes persistent conjunctivitis.1. Transmission: body fluids, air3352165284480002. Symptoms: conjunctivitis and a mild nasal discharge3. Treatment: antibiotics4. Prognosis: goodE. Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP): A virus that attacks the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. Attacks cats less than 3 years old or older than 10 years of age. Common in catteries.1. Transmission: ingestion, fomites, air; not commonly spread horizontally2. Symptoms: 3 forms of the disease407670020193000a. Wet form: accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity with progressive enlargement of the abdomen. b. Dry form: weight loss, depression, anemia, feverc. Combo form3. Treatment: euthanasiaF. Feline Leukemia (FeLv, Feleuk): A virus that attacks the lymph nodes and lowers the immune system to allow secondary diseases to penetrate.1. Transmission: body secretions, fomites, vertical (mom-kitten), horizontal (cats that live together or fight)2. Symptoms: non-specific symptoms – ADR (ain’t doing right), anorexia, poor hair coat, bad breath (not bad teeth); some cats will be carriers and not demonstrate symptoms for months or years3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: grave – the cat will eventually dieG. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): A virus that attacks the immune system1. Transmission: saliva through bites2. Symptoms: poor body condition, fever, ADR; some cats will be carriers and not demonstrate symptoms for months or years3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: grave – the cat will eventually dieH. RabiesSee canine diseasesIII. Equine - Common diseases prevented with equine vaccines.A. Tetanus: A bacteria that attacks the central nervous system, muscles, and joints.1. Transmission: enters through wounds from dirty or rusty objects; loves puncture wounds with limited oxygen 3905250454025002. Symptoms: muscle and joint ache; as the toxin from the bacteria increases it becomes increasingly harder for the animal to move3. Treatment: antitoxin4. Prognosis: grave once symptoms appearB. Equine Encephalomyelitis (Sleeping Sickness): A virus that attacks the central nervous system. Several strains of the disease – Western (WEE), Eastern (EEE), Venezuelan (VEE).1. Transmission: mosquito4200525445135002. Symptoms: irregular gait, loss of muscular coordination, compulsive walking, difficulty swallowing, seizures, dementia, fever, head pressing, circling, blindness3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: grave –deathHas affected humans if bitten by the mosquitothat carries the virusC. Influenza: A virus that attacks the upper respiratory system1. Transmission: air (50 yards from snorting or coughing); highly contagious2. Symptoms: incubation is 24 hrs – 3 days; fever, decreased appetite, reluctance to move, dry cough, lethargic, mucopurulent nasal discharge, distal limb edema3. Treatment: supportive3657600-4445004. Prognosis: goodD. West Nile: A virus that attacks the central nervous system causing inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Fastest growing health threat to horses in the US.1. Transmission: mosquito (infected after feeding on the blood of infected birds)2. Symptoms: stumbling, muscle weakness, twitching, partial paralysis, loss of appetite, lethargy, impaired vision, wandering, inability to stand, fever, seizures, coma. Once clinical signs appear, the disease is fatal 30-33% of the horses.. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: graveE. Potomac Horse Fever: A bacteria (rickettsial) that attacks the gastrointestinal system.1. Transmission: ticks, trematodes, transplacental2. Symptoms: depression, anorexia, fever, watery diarrhea, colic, abortions, lamintis3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedF. Rhinopneumonitis: A herpesvirus that attacks the upper respiratory system.1. Transmission: air, body secretions2. Symptoms: fever, depression, nasal discharge, abortions 3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedG. Strangles: A bacteria that attacks the mandibular lymph nodes.1. Transmission: air, body secretions, fomites; highly contagious3343275520065002. Symptoms: Incubation is 3-14 days; fever, nasal discharge, abscess mandibular lymph nodes, weight loss, internal abscesses (bastard strangles), dysphasia, and pharyngitis3. Treatment: lance and flush the mandibular abscesses, antibioticsQuarantine the horse during treatment 2% of infected horses can become chronic carriers and shed the bacteria with no symptoms.4. Prognosis: goodH. Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA): A virus that causes respiratory symptoms and abortions.1. Transmission: Through breeding from the stallions, feces, air, fomites, urine2. Symptoms: mild respiratory symptoms, abortions, fever, depression, anorexia, edema, rhinitis; stallions may not show any symptoms3. Treatment: supportive, antibiotics for secondary diseases; don’t breed positive horses 4. Prognosis: guardedI. RabiesSee canine diseasesIV. Bovine - Common diseases prevented with bovine vaccinesA. Clostridium diseases: Bacteria commonly found in the soil and environment. Prognosis from most of these diseases is grave.1. Chauvei (Black leg)a. Symptoms: high fever, lack of appetite, lameness or muscle swellingCows can die suddenly prior to symptoms2. Sordellii (gas gangrene) from wound infectionsa. Symptoms: gangrene, abomastitis3. Haemolyticum (Redwater)a. Symptoms4. Novyi (Black disease – necrotic hepatitis)a. Symptoms: dark red urine, fresh blood in the feces, arched back, reluctant to move5. Perfringens (Enterotoxemia- dysentery, overeating disease)a. Symptoms: diarrhea, bloat, sudden death; some types can cause kidney problems6. Septicum (Malignant edema)a. Symptoms: fluid subcutaneous, decreased appetite, lethargic7. Tetanusa. Symptoms: ataxia, difficulty moving, dysphagia, seizures, death8. Botulism (neuro-paralytic disease): found in decaying carcasses and plant mattera. Symptoms: lack of muscle tone and progressive muscle weakness, dysphagiaB. Bovine Viral Diarrhea: A virus that attacks the gastrointestinal area and upper respiratory system.1. Transmission: air, direct contact2. Symptoms: mild transient diarrhea, GI ulcers, abortions, nasal/ocular discharge, coughing, fever3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedC. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR): A virus that attacks the upper respiratory system.1. Transmission: air, direct contact2. Symptoms: high fever, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, coughing, dyspnea, abortions3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedD. Parainfluenza (Shipping Fever): A virus that attacks the upper respiratory system.1. Transmission: air, direct contact3800475457200002. Symptoms: mild upper respiratory symptoms, fever, nasal discharge, coughing, weight loss, depression, weakness; associated with stress and shipping3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedE. Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A virus that attacks the lower respiratory system1. Transmission: air, direct contact2. Symptoms: fever, anorexia, lethargic, pneumonia symptoms3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedF. Scours: A bacteria that attacks the gastrointestinal tract.1. Transmission: direct contact2. Symptoms: associated with stress, watery diarrhea3. Treatment: antibiotics, fluids4. Prognosis: guardedG. Brucellosis (BANGS): A bacteria that attacks the reproductive system in animals1. Transmission: sexual2. Symptoms: no signs in the male; abortions in the females3. Treatment: euthanasiaZoonotic if you ingested unsterilized milk or meat from a contaminated cow. Accidental vaccination from the live bovine vaccine can occur. Humans with brucellosis (Undulant Fever) have profuse sweating, joint and muscle pain that periodically appears the rest of their life.Some states have eradicated the diseaseV. Llama/alpaca - Common diseases prevented with alpaca/llama vaccinesA. Clostridium perfringens type C, D1. See bovine diseasesB. Tetanus1. See bovine diseasesVI. Ovine/Caprine – Common diseases prevented with ovine/caprine vaccinesA. Clostridium perfringens type C, D1. See bovine diseasesB. Tetanus1. See bovine diseasesC. Blue Tongue: A virus that attacks the oral cavity1. Transmission: mosquitos2. Symptoms: oral ulcers, facial edema, tongue swelling4648200168275002752725-3175003. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: guardedVII. Porcine – Common diseases prevented with porcine vaccinesA. Erysipelothrix (Diamond Skin Disease)1. Transmission: feces, urine, oronasal secretions2. Symptoms: fever, prostration, anorexia, vomiting, reluctance to walk; 358140036195000hemorrhages may be present in multiple organs throughout the body, diamond shaped lesions on the skin 3. Treatment: euthanize4. Zoonotic potential with direct contactB. Leptospirosis (Icterohaemorrhagiae): A bacteria that attacks the kidney and reproductive system.1. Transmission: direct contact, urine, milk3028315208280002. Symptoms: abortions, blood in the urine, lethargic45339003035303. Treatment: antibioticslessions in the kidney4. Prognosis: guarded5. Canicola fever in humansC. Parvo: A virus that multiplies in the intestines but causes abortions in females. Otherwise no other symptomsD. Mycoplasma Hyopneumonia: A bacteria that attacks the respiratory system.1. Transmission: air, direct contact2. Symptoms: pneumonia symptoms3. Treatment: antibiotics4. Prognosis: guardedE. Pseudorabies: A virus that attacks the central nervous system.1. Transmission: 2. Symptoms: fever, tremors, ataxis, seizures, death3. Prognosis: deathVIII. Ferret – Common diseases prevented with ferrets vaccinesA. Distemper: A virus that attacks the central nervous system1. Transmission: air, direct contact, fomites2. Symptoms: anorexia, fever, eyes blinking and serious nasal discharge, muscle tremors, seizures3. Treatment: deathB. Rabies: see canine diseasesIX. Avian – Common diseases prevented with avian vaccinesA. Polyoma: A virus that attacks the body as a whole. Commonly seen in Budgies and Lovebirds.1. Transmission: feather dust, feces, air4019550288925002. Symptoms: swollen abdomen, depression, decreased appetite, anorexia, delayed crop emptying, feather/skin problems3. Treatment: supportive4. Prognosis: graveB. Pacheco’s Disease: A herpes virus that attacks the central nervous system.1. Transmission: air, direct contact2. Symptoms: sudden death, weak muscles, lethargic, seizures3. Treatment: deathC. Newcastles Disease (Paramyxovirus) A virus that attack the respiratory system and central nervous system. Commonly seen in poultry.1. Transmission: direct contact, body secretions3981450603885002. Symptoms: gasping, coughing, depression, decreased appetite, muscle tremors, drooping wings, twisting of head and neck, circling, complete paralysis, swelling of the tissues around the eyes and neck, greenish, watery diarrhea, reduced egg production. 3. Treatment: euthanize4. Zoonotic potential: in humans you will see flu-like symptoms ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download