FM 24-20 Field Wire and Field Cable Techniques 1960

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DtrAnLmcrnT OF THE ARMY FIELD MA!iNUAL

FIELD WIRE

AND FIELD CABLE

TECHNIQUES

jARTRIA$IIER SCHOOL

tBPMY

3. RMbY QUATERMASIER SCaU

FORT LsA.VAl 2381

"EADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

AGO 5766C

MAY 1960

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*FM 24-20

FIELD MANUAL No. 24-20

HEADQUARTERS,

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 19 May 1960

FIELD WIRE AND FIELD CABLE TECHNIQUES

Paragraph Page

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION -----------

1-4

3

2. FIELD WIRE AND FIELD

CABLE -----------

5-8

5

3. SPLICING FIELD WIRE --- 9-15

15

4. TYING FIELD WIRE LINES 16-26

43

5. WIRE-LAYING AND WIRE-

RECOVERING EQUIP-

MENT ------------------- 27-36

60

6. POLE AND TREE CLIMBING

Section I. Climbing equipment -37-42

79

II. Pole climbing-.- - -

43-49

90

III. Tree climbing-------- ___---- 50, 51

102

IV. First aid --------------------- 52-58 102

CHAPTER 7. FIELD WIRE LINE

CONSTRUCTION

Section I. Introduction ----------------

59-61

111

II. Techniques of installing field

wire lines--------------

62-73 113

III. Constructing field wire lines

under unusual conditions- . ..74-78 137

IV. Recovering field wire -- ___---- 79, 80

142

V. Field wire records ------------ 81-84 145

CHAPTER 8. AIR-LAYING OF FIELD

WIRE AND FIELD CABLE 85-92 148

9. RAPID CONSTRUCTION OF

SPIRAL-FOUR CABLE ON AERIAL SUPPORTS

Section I. Laying the cable ------------- 93-101

156

II. A-Frame construction -------- 102-111

165

III. "Hasty Pole" construction ---- 112-124

181

*This manual supersedes FM 24-20, 17 May 1956.

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Paragraph

Page

CHAPTER 10. MAINTAINING FIELD

WIRE LINES ------------ 125-131

197

11. COMMUNICATION EQUIP-

MENT USED IN FIELD

WIRE SYSTEMS

Section I. Introduction ---------------- 132, 133 208

II. Field telephones ------------- 134-137

209

III. Manual telephone switchboards- 138-141

215

IV. Field teletypewriter equipment- 142-144

221

V. Telegraph-telephone terminal

AN/TCC-14 -------------- 145-149

225

VI. Telephone repeaters ---------- 150, 151 231

VII. Terminal strips and repeating

coils---------------------- 152-154

233

VIII. Test equipment -------------- 155-159

243

APPENDIX I. REFERENCES --------------

249

II. INFORMATION FOR

SWITCHBOARD

OPERATORS -------------

253

III. SYMBOLS USED IN WIRE

DIAGRAMS AND MAPS--....

261

GLOSSARY ----------------------------

267

INDEX ----------------------------

275

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1. Purpose

This manual is a guide for personnel who install and maintain field wire communication systems.

2. Scope

a. This manual contains general information on field wire, field cable, splicing field wire, tying field wire, installing and recovering field wire lines, troubleshooting on field wire lines, construction records, and the general characteristics of communication equipment used with field wire communication systems.

b. This manual contains three appendixes: Appendix I, list of publications and training films covering the subjects within the scope of this manual; appendix II, information for switchboard operators; and appendix III, symbols used in wire diagrams and maps.

c. The information presented is applicable without modification to both nuclear and nonnuclear warfare.

3. Field Wire Communication Systems

Field wire communication systems are designed specifically to provide tactical units with telephone, teletypewriter, and facsimile services.

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These equipments are rugged, can be installed and removed rapidly, and are comparatively easy to maintain. A typical field wire communication system consists of field telephones, teletypewriters, switchboards, and radio-wire integration stations interconnected by field wire lines. Field wire is also used in the local communication systems of rear-area elements when time or other considerations prohibit the installation of more permanent facilities.

4. Communication Responsibility

The commander is responsible for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the signal communication system within his unit. He is also responsible for installing and maintaining communication lines from his headquarters to his subordinate units, and, unless otherwise instructed, to the unit on his right. A supporting unit has the responsibility to install and maintain communication with the supported unit.

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CHAPTER 2

FIELD WIRE AND FIELD CABLE

5. General

This chapter presents some of the technical characteristics of Field Wire WD-1/TT and field cables, including five-pair cable and spiral-four cable. Field cables are not discussed in detail in this manual. Detailed information on the installation and maintenance of field cables is contained in TM 11-381.

6. Field Wire WD-1 /TT

Field Wire WD-1/TT (fig. 1) consists of two twisted, individually insulated, conductors having the following characteristics:

a. American Wire Gage (AWG) No. 23 (each conductor).

b. Four tinned-copper strands and three galvanized-steel strands.

c. An inner insulation of polyethylene and an outer insulation jacket of nylon.

d. Tensile strength of approximately 200 pounds (both conductors).

e. Weighs 48 pounds per mile. f. Direct current (dc) loop resistance of from 200 to 234 ohms per mile at 70? Fahrenheit (F). g. Loss at one kilocycle (kc) at 68 ? F. is 2.5 decibels (db) per mile, under wet conditions, and 1.5 db per mile under dry conditions.

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NYLON JACKETar

POLYETHYLENE INSULATION

4 COPPER 3 STEEL STRANDS

FM24-20-9

Figure 1. Wire WD-1/TT.

7. Five-Pair Cable

a. Cable Assembly CX-162/G consists of five pairs of rubber-insulated, color-coded, No. 19 AWG tinned solid-copper conductors. Cotton cord is used in the center and as a filler between pairs. A cotton yarn separator is applied over the assembled conductors, and black, vulcanized or synthetic rubber is molded around the outside to form the cable jacket. The cable is equipped with a connector on each end.

b. Five-pair cable is furnished in 500-, 300-, 200-, 100-, and 12-foot lengths. The 12-foot length of 5-pair cable, Cable Stub CX-163/G (fig. 2), has a connector at one end which connects to Cable Assembly CX-162/G; at the other end, the individual cable conductors are separated to permit connection to binding posts.

c. To facilitate installation and to eliminate large numbers of field wire circuits, five-pair cable is used in congested areas where concentration of communication circuits is required. It is particu-

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larly useful for installing circuits from a wirehead, or patching panel, to the switchboard in a command post or as a distribution cable for local circuits.

j

/

FM24-20-15C

Figure 2. Cable Stub CX-165/G.

8. Spiral-Four Cable

a. General. Spiral-four cable is normally used to provide a four-wire transmission line for a carrier communication system. It also can be used for long-distance voice-frequency circuits. Detailed information on cable assemblies using spiral-four cable (Telephone Cable WF-8/G) is contained in TM 11-381.

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