High School Quizbowl Packet Archive

 Richard Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament 2019Head Edited by Emmett LaurieEdited by Abhinav Karthikeyan, Adam Howlett, Anson Berns, Alex Hu, Jakob Boeye, Katherine Lei, Naveen Raman, Olivia Chen, and Vishwa ShanmugamWritten by the members of the Richard Montgomery and Montgomery Blair Quizbowl teams: Alex Constantino, Aries Wang, Chris Tong, Christine Zhu, Derek Chu, Danesh Sivakumar, Daniel Yang, Daniel Zhu, Grant Yang, Jaewoo Chung, Justin Posner, Kevin Lu, Matthew Shu, Michael Xie, Sophia Weng, Shawn Zhao, and Tejas Nazare Tossups1. In a poem by this author, the moon’s hand “twists a paper rose, / that smells of dust and old Cologne.” This author of “Rhapsody on a Windy Night” wrote a poem whose speaker considers the “purpose [of] disturbing the dust on a bowl of rose-leaves,” illustrating a garden to demonstrate the abstract nature of time. That poem, “Burnt Norton,” opens his (*) Four Quartets. The speaker of one poem declares “there will be time to murder and create” and describes women who “come and go / talking of Michelangelo.” Another poem invokes an “unreal city” and begins “April is the cruellest month.” For 10 points, name this poet of “The Lovesong of J. Alfred Prufrock” and “The Waste Land.”ANSWER: Thomas Stearns Eliot <Non-epic Poetry, OC><ed. OC>2. One of these structures in Yokohama, called Cosmo Clock 21, claims to have the largest clock in the world. Another one of these structures is located on a bridge in central Tianjin, and the world’s second tallest one of these structures offers views of Marina Bay; that is the Singapore Flyer. A structure in Chicago renamed itself the “Centennial” one of these in honor of the 100th anniversary of the (*) Navy Pier. One of these structures lies across the Thames from the Houses of Parliament, has 32 passenger capsules, and rotates every 30 minutes. For 10 points, name these structures, such as the London Eye, that can typically be found at amusement parks.ANSWER: ferris wheel [accept observation wheel; prompt on Eye] <Geography, KLu><ed. AdH>3. A primate-exclusive process that often precedes pubarche is characterized by this organ's increased secretion of DHEA-S and DHEA. One layer of this organ is highly sensitive to extracellular concentrations of angiotensin II. That region, which is called the zona glomerulosa, secretes aldosterone. This organ may be afflicted with Addison’s disease. The (*) medulla of this organ secretes catecholamines [[“cat-uh-coal-uh- means”]], while its cortex secretes mineralocorticoids [[“minerAL-o-core-te-coids”]] and glucocorticoids such as cortisol. For 10 points, name these two endocrine glands that sit atop the kidneys and produce epinephrine for the fight or flight response.ANSWER: adrenal glands <Biology, DY><ed. VS>4. During the rule of this dynasty, the explorer Zhang Qian brought back news of pomegranates and powerful horses after exploring the Ferghana Valley and making contact with the Yuezhi people. That expedition was organized by this dynasty’s Emperor Wu, who sought an alliance against unending (*) Xiongnu raids along the northern Chinese border. It was brought to an end by the Yellow Turban Rebellion, and was founded in the aftermath of previous Qin dynasty by the rebel leader Liu Bang. For 10 points, name this long-reigning Chinese dynasty, the namesake of the largest ethnic group in China.ANSWER: Han Dynasty <World History, AH><ed. JB>5. In The Three Sisters, Masha repeatedly jumbles the first lines of a work by this man; that work describes a story- telling cat chained to “a green oak-tree by the shores” and recounts Chernomor’s abduction of a bride. One of his novels sees Pyotr give his coat to a man who is revealed to be Pugachev; in that work, (*) Mironov is hanged and Masha begs Catherine the Great to pardon her lover. One of his characters chooses Guillot as his second in a duel, insulting Zaretsky; that novel alternates masculine and feminine rhymes and sees the title dandy seduce Olga and shun Tatyana. For 10 points, name this author of Ruslan and Ludmila, The Captain’s Daughter, and Eugene Onegin.ANSWER: Aleksandr Pushkin <Short Fiction/Other, OC><ed. OC>6. A painter in this movement was accused of prostituting his own wife for a portrait of an odalisque by Denis Diderot. That man, who depicted Marie Louise O’Murphy in his Blonde Odalisques, popularized the style of chinoiserie. A painting in this style features a golden boat surrounded by cherubs and a rose-covered statue of Venus on the right. Artists in this movement like Fran?ois (*) Boucher pioneered the fête galante [[“fett guh-LAWNT”]], exemplified by paintings like The Embarkation for Cythera. An artist in this style depicts a woman in a pink dress kicking off her shoe in The Swing. For 10 points, name the ornate offshoot of the Baroque whose artists include Jean-Antoines Watteau and Fragonard.ANSWER: Rococo <Visual Arts, EL><ed. AH and OC>7. This man remarked "if you had not plowed with my heifer, you would not have solved my riddle," before killing thirty men for their linen garments. That episode occurs after his lover gets him to divulge the meaning of “out of the eater something to eat, out of the strong, something sweet” - which the (*) Philistines are at a loss to answer. After a disastrous first marriage attempt, this man destroys his enemies' crops with 300 burning foxes and kills 3000 more Philistines with the jawbone of an ass. For 10 points, name this extremely strong judge of Israel who was blinded and captured after Delilah cut his hair in his sleep.ANSWER: Samson <Religion, AH><ed. JB>8. Legitimate examples of these events are often confused with outburst events from LBVs. One of these events typically follows photodisintegration-driven silicon burning processes, though the progenitor of those events must belong to Population III. These are the most energetic events during which the r and p processes occur. These events can proceed through (*) pair-instability or core-collapse mechanisms. The type IA [“one-A”] class of these events can occur when white dwarves accrete enough matter to exceed the Chandrasekhar limit. For 10 points, name these violent explosions observed in stars.ANSWER: supernovae [accept specific types of supernovae] <Other Science, AC and VS><ed. VS>9. In a 2002 book, W. Bradford Wilcox argued why this concept “mattered,” because it is an important public good. The “walking” type of this practice is solely done by the Mosuo people of China, while the “ghost” type is practiced by the Nuer people of Sudan. This concept is held to be of highest importance when creating (*) kinship systems in Claude Lévi-Strauss’ alliance theory. Cases such as Pace v. Alabama and Obergefell v. Hodges dealt with specific state-level laws regarding this practice. For 10 points, name this social ritual that bonds two people, which can be ended with divorce.ANSWER: marriage [accept equivalents] <Social Science, AK><ed. JB>10. Although radically popular, this man refused an invitation to dine with dignitaries in Tyneside, England according to the Newcastle Courant. A military unit led by this man invaded Trentino and secured a decisive victory at the Battle of Bezzecca. This leader of the “Hunters of the Alps” allied with Brazil and the Colorados during a civil war in Uruguay, leading to his nickname (*) “Hero of the Two Worlds.” After victories at Volturnus and Milazzo, this man’s “Expedition of The Thousand” conquered Sicily and installed Victor Emmanuel II as King of his newly reunified nation. For 10 points, name this leader of the “Red Shirts” who helped unify Italy.ANSWER: Giuseppe Garibaldi <European History, AK><ed. JB>11. A figure on this TV show is known for his use of demoralizing phrases such as referring to people as “the little cockroaches they are.” That man was given the sarcastic nickname “Mr. Wonderful.” Another man on this show, who was involved on this show in companies such as Twenty One Productions, is the current owner of the (*) Dallas Mavericks. The most successful venture from this show is Scrub Daddy, which Lori Greiner bought a 20% stake in for $200,000. For 10 points, name this reality television show where companies pitch investment opportunities, whose stars include Barbara Corcoran, Kevin O’Leary, and Mark Cuban.ANSWER: Shark Tank <Pop Culture/Mixed Academic, AK><ed. KLu and AK>12. This work’s protagonist imagines “taking a running kick at [his wife’s] rump” when she leaves him for a cab driver. At this novel’s end, the protagonist weeps as he pays his daughter $4000 so she and her husband, Dick, can move to Alaska. He earlier recalls the typhus-inflicted death of a “honey-colored” first love whom he met at the Hotel Mirana, (*) Annabel Leigh. In this novel, the sentimental Charlotte is hit by a car after reading her husband’s diary, and the protagonist kills Clare Quilty for kidnapping his daughter from the Enchanted Hunters hotel. For 10 points, name this novel recounting Humbert Humbert’s fixation with “nymphet” Dolores Haze, by Vladimir Nabokov.ANSWER: Lolita <Long Fiction, OC><ed. OC>13. The album Reflections was a collection of adaptations of Thelonious Monk’s music for this instrument by bebop performer Steve Lacy. The bossa nova hit “The Girl from Ipanema” features Stan Getz on this instrument. Dizzy Gillespie played the piano in a piece written by a player of this instrument that was based on Ray Noble’s “Cherokee.” That piece, one of the first bebop pieces, was (*) “Ko-ko.” Another man who played this instrument improvised over the tune of “My Favorite Things,” and included rapid key changes in his “Giant Steps.” For 10 points, name this instrument, played by Charlie “Bird” Parker and John Coltrane. ANSWER: saxophone [or soprano saxophone; prompt on sax] <Other Fine Arts, KLu><ed. AB>14. An experiment that proved that this quantity is coupled with the magnetic moment of individual atoms by magnetizing an iron cylinder was run by Einstein and de Haas. For a charged particle, this quantity is related to the magnetic dipole moment by a factor of q over 2m, the gyromagnetic ratio. By Noether’s [[“NOY-thurs”]] theorem, this quantity is conserved due to (*) rotational invariance. This quantity has both spin and orbital forms. Torque is the derivative of this quantity with respect to time. This quantity is equal to the moment of inertia times angular velocity. For 10 points, name this quantity, symbolized L, the rotational analogue of linear momentum.ANSWER: angular momentum [accept rotational momentum or spin angular momentum or orbital angular momentum prompt on L, do not accept “momentum” or “linear momentum”] <Physics, DY><ed. VS>15. According to Herodotus, the slave Oerbares helped this ruler gain the throne by making his horse neigh after he exposed the conspiracy of the false Smerdis with six other nobles. That event and his restoration of order to the empire is affirmed by the Behistun Inscription, which claims he is the legitimate successor to (*) Cambyses II. He reorganized his empire into twenty satrapies and successfully defeated revolts in Babylon and Ionia after his ascension to the throne. Afterwards he dispatched Datis and Artaphernes to invade Greece where they were defeated at the Battle of Marathon. For 10 point, name this Persian king, the father of Xerxes I.ANSWER: Darius I [or Darius the Great; prompt on Darius] <Other History, DC><ed. AH> 16. This deity and her daughter were honored with a religious celebration that included the showing of the Hiera and the drinking of the Kykeon. Another festival that celebrates this deity included the throwing of piglets into pits in honor of Eubouleus. This deity was the oldest one celebrated at the Festival of the (*) Thesmophoria. This goddess was discovered by Metaneira while making Demophoon immortal. This goddess, who was celebrated in the Eleusinian mysteries, created a yearlong famine while searching for her daughter, who was abducted by Hades. For 10 points, name this Greek goddess of agriculture and mother of Persephone.ANSWER: Demeter [accept Ceres before “Greek”] <Mythology, DY><ed. JB>17. A man wearing an obscene jacket criticizing this practice was the plaintiff in Cohen vs. California. This practice was opposed by the “Baltimore Four” and the “Catonsville Nine”, who poured blood over and burned certain objects. A massive series of riots over this practice in (*) 1863 levelled the Colored Orphan Asylum in Manhattan and forced Abraham Lincoln to call in state militias to restore order. Jimmy Carter pardoned people who avoided this practice by moving to Canada. For 10 points name this practice of forced conscription which can be illegally “dodged.”ANSWER: The Draft [accept Selective Service; prompt on conscription] <American History, JB><ed. AH>18. A dream about an oil tanker inspired this composer to write the movements “The Anfortas Wound” and “Meister Eckhardt and Quackie” in his orchestral work Harmonielehre. A work by this composer begins with a young boy repeating the word “missing” and features a children’s chorus. In another work, a man descends from a plane called the “Spirit of ‘76” and attends a performance of (*) The Red Detachment of Women. This composer wrote a work commissioned to commemorate the victims of 9/11; another work includes the aria “I am the wife of Mao Tse-Tung.” For 10 points, name this composer of On the Transmigration of Souls and Nixon in China.ANSWER: John Adams <Auditory Art, DY><ed. OC> 19. A character in a work by this man bestows the magistrate with a garland to dress him like a corpse until he storms off. In another work by this man, Wrong Logic wins an argument against Right Logic; that play begins with an old man counting his debts and calling upon a philosopher in a basket for help. Another play features agreements sworn over Thasian wine and the body of (*) Reconciliation in the Acropolis. In a play by this man, Pheidippides beats his father Strepsiades after enrolling in the Thinkery; in another play, women swear off sex in order to end the Peloponnesian War. For 10 points, name this prolific writer of Greek comedies, who authored The Clouds and Lysistrata.ANSWER: Aristophanes <Drama, AH><ed. OC>20. One form of this technique is often preceded by use of “purge and trap” technology; that form of this technique often pairs a Polyarc reactor with a Flame Ionization Detector to quantify its output. In that form of this technique, an index named for Kovats normalizes retention times. Though not distillation, the height equivalent to a theoretical plate for this technique is calculated with the (*) Van Deemter equation. A form of this technique is often paired with mass spectrometry in forensic analysis of unknown substances. A common lab demonstration uses paper as a stationary phase in this technique to separate Sharpie dyes. For 10 points, name this separatory technique that comes in "gas" and "column" forms.ANSWER: chromatography [accept gas chromatography, column chromatography, or paper chromatography] <Chemistry, VS><ed. VS>Bonuses1. For 10 points each, answer some questions about Roman infrastructure:[10] These locations served as the center of daily life in Roman cities as well as the meeting place for the Senate. The last imperial one of these built was designed by Apollodorus of Damascus and named after the emperor Trajan.ANSWER: Roman Forum[10] More than 400,000 km of these structures helped link the Roman Empire together. Spartacus and his followers were crucified along one of these structures. ANSWER: Roman roads [accept via or viae or ways][10] These buildings can be distinguished between their urbana and rustica types, and were usually only owned by wealthy citizens. Hadrian had one built for himself in Tivoli.ANSWER: villas <Other History, DC><ed. AH>2. Adherents of this religion believe in the existence of twenty four “ford-makers” who revealed the path to liberation through their teachings on earth. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Indian religion that holds sacred the principle of ahimsa or extreme nonviolence.ANSWER: Jainism[10] Jains are divided into two sects which have different beliefs about a number of issues that include the veneration of icons and the reincarnation of women; name either.ANSWER: Svetambara or Digambara [prompt on sky-clad and white-clad][10] This most recent ford-maker is said to have been born after Queen Trishala dreamed about a four-tusked elephant entering her womb.ANSWER: Mahavira <Religion, AH><ed. JB>3. For 10 points each, answer these questions about traditional women’s clothing from Asia.[10] Name this traditional Japanese garment that is wrapped around the body and secured from the back by a sash called an obi. It is commonly worn by Japanese women today, most popularly on special occasions.ANSWER: kimono[10] The internet exploded in May 2018 when an American girl wore this type of traditional Manchu Chinese dress to a high school prom. It was heavily popularized by upper-class women in 1920s Shanghai. ANSWER: qipao [accept cheongsam][10] Women from the Indian subcontinent often wear the Sari draped over this garment, a midriff-baring blouse.ANSWER: choli [accept ravike (South India) and cholo (Nepal)] <Other Fine Arts, AH><ed. OC>4. These organisms use carboxysomes as part of their carbon dioxide concentrating mechanisms. For 10 points each:[10] Name this phylum of photosynthetic prokaryotes that produce oxygen and are sometimes named for their color.ANSWER: cyanobacteria [or blue-green algae or Cyanophyta, prompt on bacteria, do not accept or prompt on “algae” or “green algae”]][10] Part of this theory proposed by Lynn Margulis states that chloroplasts originated from cyanobacteria that were engulfed by other cells.ANSWER: endosymbiotic theory [accept endosymbiosis or symbiogenesis][10] One piece of evidence for endosymbiosis is the presence of cardiolipin only on the inner one of these structures in mitochondria. One of these structures described as a phospholipid bilayer is sometimes surrounded by a cell wall.ANSWER: cell membrane [accept anything with membrane] <Biology, KLei><ed. VS>5. This man’s reworking of a theme given to him by Frederick the Great opens a Douglas Hoftstadter book named for this M. C. Escher, Kurt G?del, and this composer. For 10 points each:[10] This deeply religious composer produced most of his works for church services. He composed St. Matthew’s Passion and the Brandenburg Concertos.ANSWER: Johann Sebastian Bach [prompt on Bach, do not accept or prompt on “Carl Philip Emmanuel Bach”][10] Bach was a master of this compositional technique, the presence of multiple voices that are harmonically interdependent but are similar in rhythm and contour.ANSWER: counterpoint [accept contrapuntal, prompt on polyphony][10] A common example of contrapuntal music is this form, in which a theme is introduced by a single voice and is imitated throughout the rest of the piece. Bach paired these works with préludes in The Well-Tempered Clavier.ANSWER: fugue <Auditory Art, OC><ed. OC>6. A character in this work spitefully likens his father to a “broken spider trying to do the quickstep” and represents the ideal world as a dance floor without collisions. For 10 points each:[10] Name this play in which Sam and Hally’s friendship is symbolized by a shabby kite.ANSWER: Master Harold...and the Boys[10] Master Harold...and the Boys was written by Athol Fugard, a compatriot of this author. She wrote such novels as Burger’s Daughter and July’s People. ANSWER: Nadine Gordimer[10] Fugard and Gordimer both hailed from this country and addressed its policy of apartheid in their works.ANSWER: South Africa <Short Fiction/Other, OC><ed. OC>7. Prominent contributors to this field include Peter Singer, who proposed extending rights to animals in his book Animal Liberation. For 10 points each:[10] Name this subfield of philosophy that concerns itself with moral questions of right and wrong.ANSWER: ethics[10] This approach to ethics that was popularized by a namesake work by John Stuart Mill argues that the best action is ensures the greatest well-being for the greatest number of people.ANSWER: utilitarianism [accept word forms][10] Utilitarianism is a subset of a diverse class of this theory, which holds that the rightness of an action ultimately stems from the action’s results.ANSWER: consequentialism [accept word forms] <Philosophy, AH><ed. JB>8. Answer the following about pig in literature, for 10 points each:[10] George Orwell’s Animal Farm sees this pig become leader of Manor Farm after the Battle of the Cowshed. He eliminates his rival Snowball and takes credit for plans to build a windmill in an allegory for the Great Turning.ANSWER: Napoleon[10] This children’s novel by E.B. White chronicles the friendship between a pig named Wilbur and a barn spider.ANSWER: Charlotte’s Web[10] One of the main characters in this modern-day retelling of the Iliad is Major Plunkett, a pig farmer who researches the history of St. Lucia.ANSWER: Omeros <Long Fiction, AK><ed. OC>9. President Barack Obama selected this artist to produce his presidential portrait in 2017. For 10 points each:[10] Name this controversial African-American artist known for his naturalistic depictions of African-Americans in place of traditional subjects in scenes from the Western Art-Historical canon.ANSWER: Kehinde Wiley[10] One source of controversy resulted from Wiley’s racially-charged rendition of this classical scene rendered most famously by Caravaggio and Artemisia Gentileschi. It derives from the Hebrew text the Book of Judith.ANSWER: Judith beheading Holofernes [accept equivalents like Judith slaying Holofernes][10] Wiley’s reputation was cemented by monumental pieces like his 2005 work Napoleon Leading the Army Over the Alps, a reinterpretation of a similarly-named work by this Neoclassical French artist.ANSWER: Jacques-Louis David <Visual Arts, AH><ed. AH>10. The 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded “to three men who had until recently been regarded as ‘mere animal watchers,’” according to Nikolaas Tinbergen. For 10 points each:[10] Tinbergen performed research on these animals, determining that they liked yellow and blue models of flowers but would only land on them if scent was applied. Eggs of these animals are laid in honeycombs.ANSWER: honeybees [accept Apis, prompt on bees, do not accept “bumblebee”][10] Tinbergen also found that male sticklebacks invariably attacked models with red bellies, even if they were unrealistic, an example of this type of behavior sequence. It is a response to a sign stimulus or releaser.ANSWER: fixed action pattern [or FAP, accept modal action pattern][10] Tinbergen defined this many questions to explain animal behavior. This is twice the number of Lotka–Volterra equations.ANSWER: four <Other Science, KLei><ed. VS>11. A character in this work treasures a cigarette case she found on the road. For 10 points each:[10] Name this novel that focuses on a doctor’s wife and her affairs with Leon and Rodolphe. At the end of the novel, that woman commits suicide by eating arsenic.ANSWER: Madame Bovary[10] Madame Bovary was written by this French author of A Sentimental Education.ANSWER: Gustave Flaubert[10] In Madame Bovary, Emma is devastated when her dog of this name runs away. In Hugo’s The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Esmeralda’s pet goat has this name.ANSWER: Djali <Long Fiction, AK><ed. OC>12. Deborah Blum’s The Poison Squad focuses on the work of Dr. Harvey Washington Wiley, who is often known as the “father” of this law. For 10 points each:[10] Name this act which regulated sanitary standards and prohibited the mislabeling of certain consumables. It was passed alongside the Meat Inspection Act.ANSWER: Pure Food and Drug Act[10] The Poison Squad argues that Dr. Wiley’s efforts became synonymous in the public mind with the works of this muckraker. This socialist penned a novel that garnered widespread public support for the Meat Inspection Act.ANSWER: Upton Sinclair[10] Dr. Wiley led a truth in labeling case against this company, arguing that its name shouldn’t be used because its products no longer contained cocaine.ANSWER: Coca-Cola <American History, EL><ed. JB>13. These objects are more efficient at high velocities because of the Oberth effect. For 10 points each:[10] Name these vehicles. An equation named after Tsiolkovsky [["sigh-ul-kov-sky”]] gives the maximum difference in velocity for these vehicles as the exhaust velocity times the log of the ratio of the initial and final mass.ANSWER: rockets [or rocket engines][10] The Tsiolkovsky rocket equation can be derived from this law which states that force equals mass times acceleration.ANSWER: Newton’s second law [do not accept “Newton's law”][10] Newton’s second law implies that force is the derivative of this quantity with respect to time. Change in this quantity is known as impulse.ANSWER: linear momentum [do not accept “angular momentum”] <Physics, CT><ed. AB>14. After spending five months in Britain for treatment for an illness, the man denied rumors he had been replaced by a clone from Sudan. For 10 points each:[10] Name this current president of an African country. In 2015, this leader of the APC defeated incumbent president Goodluck Jonathan. ANSWER: Muhammadu Buhari[10] Buhari is president of this country. As leader of this country, Buhari oversees its oil industry centered in cities such as Lagos and Port Harcourt.ANSWER: Federal Republic of Nigeria[10] In 2016, Buhari’s government negotiated a deal with this terrorist group for the release of 21 Chibok girls. This terrorist group is based in the Borno state of northeast Nigeria.ANSWER: Boko Haram [accept Islamic State in West Africa] <Current Events, AK and KLu><ed. AK and Klu>15. Answer the following about a certain American singer-songwriter, for 10 points each:[10] This single’s music video was the most-watched YouTube video of all time before being dethroned by “Despacito.” Its lyrics include, “It’s been a long day without you, my friend.”ANSWER: “See You Again”[10] Collaborating with Wiz Khalifa, “See You Again” was this singer’s debut single. His other hits include “We Don’t Talk Anymore” with Selena Gomez and “Attention.”ANSWER: Charlie Puth[10] Puth created this second studio album of his entirely by himself. Its singles include “How Long” and “Done for Me,” featuring Kehlani. ANSWER: Voicenotes <Pop Culture/Mixed Academic, CZ><ed. KLu and AK>16. Name some things about African leaders who led their countries in or shortly after decolonization. For 10 points each:[10] Gamal Abdel Nasser led a coup in this country against Muhammad Naguib, promoting the principles of Pan-Arabism and anti-imperialism by nationalizing the Suez Canal.ANSWER: Egypt[10] This first president of Kenya was charged with masterminding the Mau Mau Uprising against the British Empire and was given the honorary title of “Mzee” by his people.ANSWER: Jomo Kenyatta [prompt on Kenyatta; do not accept or prompt on “Uhuru Kenyatta”][10] This dictator of the Central African Republic was noted for his alleged cannibalism. However, he is perhaps most famous for spending ? of his country’s GDP on an absurd imperial coronation ceremony.ANSWER: Jean-Bedel Bokassa [accept Bokassa I or Salah Eddine Ahmed Bokassa] <World History, AK><ed. AH>17. A poem by this author states “I cultivate a white rose / In June as in January… For the cruel person / Who would want to break my heart.” For 10 points each:[10] Identify this author of “Nuestra America” and the collection Versos Sencillos, which contains the patriotic song “Guantanamera.”ANSWER: José Martí[10] In his essay “Nuestra America,” Martí expressed his devotion to the independence of this country, his homeland. Martí was born in Havana, the capital city of this country. ANSWER: Republic of Cuba[10] Another Cuban author was Alejo Carpentier, who pioneered this literary genre through his novel The Kingdom of this World. This genre is characterized by fantastical elements combined with a realistic perspective of the world.ANSWR: magical realism [accept marvelous realism, do not accept or prompt on realism] <Non-epic Poetry, AK><ed. OC>18. This device was first developed in 1908 at the Cavendish laboratory. For 10 points each:[10] Name this device, which produces clicking noises corresponding to the amount of ionizing radiation.ANSWER: Geiger-Müller counter[10] This inert gas is often used to fill the GM tube in Geiger counters. It has atomic number 18 and symbol Ar.ANSWER: argon[10] Potassium-argon dating uses the decay of potassium-40 to argon-40, which occurs via this process. This process increases the number of neutrons in the nucleus by one and emits an electron neutrino.ANSWER: electron capture [accept K-electron capture, L-electron capture, prompt on inverse beta decay, but do not accept or prompt on just “beta decay”] <Chemistry, CT><ed. KLei>19. In order to join this organization, countries must adhere to the regulations of the Copenhagen Criteria. For 10 points each:[10] Name this political and economic entity made up of 28 member states that are primarily located in Europe. Recently, United Kingdom’s “Brexit” movement targeted an exit from this organization.ANSWER: European Union [accept EU][10] The European Union was created through a treaty signed in this Dutch city, located on the Meuse River.ANSWER: Maastricht [accept Treaty of Maastricht][10] This is the name given to this geographical union of 26 EU member nations who have agreed to adhere to open border policies. Border control has recently be strengthened in the wake of the European Migrant Crisis.ANSWER: Schengen Area <AK and AH><ed. AH>20. Name some things about Zeus’ many lovers, for 10 points each:[10] Zeus turned this daughter of Inachus into a white heifer in order to protect her from the wrath of Hera. Hera was not fooled, however, and sent a gadfly to chase her around the world.ANSWER: Io[10] In another story, Zeus appeared before Leda as this white avian animal, which led to the conception of Helen and the Dioscuri.ANSWER: swan[10] When Hera tricked Semele into asking Zeus to appear in his true lightning-accompanied form, Zeus was forced to stitch the infant Dionysus into this body part of his to save him from the ensuing fire.ANSWER: his thigh [accept leg] <Mythology, AH><ed. OC> ................
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