Research on Classroom Summative Assessment

time on assessment-related activities (Plake, 1993; Stiggins, 1991, 1999). In fact, some esti-mates place the number of teacher-made tests in a typical classroom at 54 per year (Marso & Pigge, 1988), an incidence rate that can yield billions of unique testing activities yearly world - wide (Worthen, Borg, & White, 1993). These ................
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