Life Handout - University of South Florida

12/3/2013

Foundations of Maternal and Child Health HSC 4579

Overview of Life Course Perspective (LCP) Basic concepts of LCP Major themes of LCP Rethinking Maternal and Child Health (MCH)

in terms of LCP Life Course Perspective and Life Course

Theory in Maternal and Child Health

Life Course Perspective describes how chronological age, relationships, common life transitions, and social change shape people's lives from birth to death.

Person, Environment and Time

Event history: sequence of significant events, experiences, and transitions in a person's life from birth to death.

Co-construction of

Biology Culture and social environment Individual

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 Cohort:

Population pyramid Sex Ratio

Transition: Trajectory:

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Life Event: Good and bad Stressful events

Turning Point: Tpohirnetestypes of life events can serve as turning

1. Life events that either close or open opportunities 2en. vLiirfoenemveenntts that make a lasting change on the person's 3b.elLieiffes,eovernetxsptehcattatcihoannsge a person's self-concept,

Interplay of human lives and historical time:

Cohort effects- distinctive experiences are shared at the same point in time

Timing of lives:

Biological age- level of development and physical health Psychological age -capabilities and skills Social age- constructed meaning of age- behaviors that

are expected of a specific age group Spiritual age- current position of a person in the search

for "meaning and morally fulfilling relationships Age structuring or standardizing of ages- create policies

and laws to regulate timing of transitions

Linked or interdependent lives:

Social support- beneficial help rendered by others (family, friends, neighbors, co-workers etc.)

Human agency in making choices:

Human agency- use of personal power to achieve one's goals. Self-efficacy and efficacy expectations

Diversity in life course trajectories: Developmental risk and protection:

Cumulative advantage and cumulative disadvantage Privilege ? unearned advantage Resilience- ability of some people to fare well in the

face of risk factors

Exhibit 1.7 in text (Chapter by Hutchison)

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Life Course Perspective (LCP) is also called Life Course Theory (LCT)

Framework to promote optimal health and healthy development across the lifespan, as well as across generations, that promotes equity in health across communities and populations.

The Life Course Perspective and Life Course Theory address two questions for maternal and child health

1) Why do health disparities persist across population groups, even in insistences where there has been improvements in health across all groups?

2) What are the factors that influence the capacity of individuals or populations to reach their fill potential for health and well-being?

Several key concepts to address the two fundamental questions (addressed in previous slide) Pathways or trajectories Early programming Critical or sensitive periods Cumulative impact Risk and protective factors

Continued care across a lifespan

Conception

Early childhood

Childhood/ Adolescence

Early adulthood

Late adulthood

Elderly

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