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Enzyme Critical ThinkingName __________________________Objectives: Be able to answer these questions:How does an enzyme influence chemical reactions?4582885206194What roles do enzymes play in living things?Introductory Questions: If you are going hiking this weekend and you have the option of hiking a mountain that is 1400 meters in height and a mounting that is 650 meters in height, BUT you know that you have limited time because of other plans, which mountain would you choose to hike and why? If you are hiking at the same pace, which of these mountains would require MORE energy to hike up and why? 430992722624100Information Section 1: Activation Energy45066861223554The picture to the right shows someone trying to push a boulder up a hill. In order for the boulder to reach its final destination at point B, it must be pushed to the top of the hill and then it will roll down the rest of the way. A similar scenario exists in chemistry, before a chemical reaction will take place, energy must be put into the system. The energy needed for a chemical reaction to move from point A to the top of the hill is known as activation energy. Compare figure 3 to the right to figure 1 above. Answer the following questions to describe how using an enzyme in a chemical reaction impacts the reaction.Does using an enzyme speed up or slow down the reaction? How does using an enzyme impact activation energy?Based on your answers to questions a and b, what do you think the term “catalyzed” (as seen in figure 3) means?500234925354600Information section 2: Lock and Key Theory Answer the following questions about keys (we’ll get back to science in a second)What are the characteristics that distinguish one key from another?Can a key from one place open the lock of a different key?Would you consider keys to be specific or general in their function? 815975-453Looking at figure 5 above, how is the enzyme similar to a lock?Using terms from the image above complete the following analogy: lock is to key as _______________ is to ________________If the substrate in the first image on the left of the series above is a disaccharide (such as sucrose), what is the enzyme doing to the disaccharide? The picture above is showing what is known in biochemistry as the “lock and key model.” Explain why you think this theory is used to describe enzymes and rmation section 3: Function and Environmental ConditionThe other day I was really excited about using my new coloring book, so I bought a new pack of crayons, but them promptly forgot that I left them in my pocket. When I went to do my laundry later in the week, you can see what happened to the stack of crayons after they were put through the dryer. How you describe what happened to my crayons between images A and B? Will I be able to accurately color my coloring book with the crayons in image B? Why/why not?What caused the crayons to change? Figure 7 above shows what happens to an enzyme when it is exposed to heat. How is this similar to what happened to the crayons? What term is used to describe when the shape of the enzyme has been altered (it is in the diagram)?Predict how this alteration will affect the enzymes ability to function properly.4179661229870Conditions Affecting Enzyme Function Using Figure 8, both parts A and B, what are two conditions that may affect enzyme function?Provide an explanation for why human enzymes function best at 40 degrees Celsius (roughly 104 degrees Fahrenheit) but enzymes from hot spring bacteria work best at 70 degrees Celsius (roughly 158 degrees Fahrenheit)What do you think happens to human enzymes when the temperature increases to 45 degrees Celsius or higher?What type of environment does trypsin work best in according to figure 8b? What about pepsin? How do you know? ................
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