IDEALSM
Purpose, process, nature and ideals of education: Idealism
Definition of Idealism
Idealism is an approach to PHILOSOPHY that regards mind, spirit, or ideas as the most fundamental kinds of reality, or at least as governing our experience of the ordinary objects in the world. Idealism is opposed to MATERIALISM or NATURALISM, and to REALISM. (American Heritage Dictionary.)
Platonic Idealism
Plato (427-347 BC): Truth is perfect and eternal; it cannot be found in the material world. The world of ideas (or forms) is the source of all true knowledge and has the Good as its highest point. Humans can come closer to this point through dialectics (they can discover truth). The philosopher-king must be a thinker and a doer.
Religious Idealism
Augustine, Bishop of Hippo (354-430 AC)
Modern Idealism
George Berkeley (1685-1753 AC)
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804 AC)
Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831 AC)
Idealism & Education
Purpose/Aims of Education:
▪ Search for truth
▪ Self-Realization
▪ Character/Moral Development
Process/Methods of Education:
Direct instruction & dialectics (Socratic method & abstract thinking)
Nature & Ideals of Education (curriculum & values):
The Great Books/Ideas
The Role of the Teacher:
Facilitator (teacher as midwife)
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