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Evolution Writing Prompts1- Natural selection is a major mechanism through which populations evolve. Describe three other mechanisms that can lead to evolution. In a well- developed response address the following: - define these 3 mechanisms that can lead to evolution (other than natural selection). - explain how these mechanisms are likely to lead to evolution in populations - give an example of how a population in which the three mechanisms are operating will be affected.2- Charles Darwin proposed that evolution by natural selection was the basis for the differences that he saw in similar organisms as he traveled and collected specimens in South America and on the Galapagos Islands. -13335012065Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection States the Following:Organisms produce more offspring than can surviveVariation (differences) exist in all populationsOrganisms best suited to environments will have more offspringOver time organisms with certain advantageous variations make up most of the population00Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection States the Following:Organisms produce more offspring than can surviveVariation (differences) exist in all populationsOrganisms best suited to environments will have more offspringOver time organisms with certain advantageous variations make up most of the populationIn a well-developed response address the following: Explain the theory of evolution by natural selection as presented by Darwin.Each of the following relates to an aspect of evolution by natural selection. Using the explanation, explain the following (be sure to give clear examples):Natural selection and the formation of insecticide-resistant insects or antibiotic-resistant bacteria3- You are a scientist working in a remote area of the world. Recently, you discovered a population of organisms that you think represents a new species. To report this discovery to the rest of the scientific community, you write an article to be published in a scientific journal that describes these organisms and presents your reasons for proposing that this population represents a new species.Write an article in which you: Describe the organisms in the newly discovered pare the discovered organisms to an existing population that you report as the “original” population.Explain the adaptation(s) that the discovered population exhibit(s) that led to the process of natural selection, resulting in the “new” population. Explain the criteria that the discovered population exhibits that would constitute a valid argument for it being considered a new species.ANS:Allow a maximum of 3 credits:- 1 credit for defining three of the following four factors: gene flow as the movement of alleles from one population to another, genetic drift as the changes in allele frequencies in a population due to chance, sexual selection as occurring when certain traits increase mating success, and mutation as the formation of new alleles.- 1 credit for explaining that gene flow increases genetic variation; genetic drift reduces genetic variation; sexual selection favors traits that increase mating success; mating introduces new alleles to the gene pool- 1 credit for examples for three of the following four factors: gene flow, genetic drift, sexual selection, and mutation. Sample answers: gene flow among two populations of ground squirrels when a few individuals move from one population to the other; genetic drift (bottleneck effect) caused by a disease that kills 90 percent of a population of tigers; male bighorn sheep butting heads to compete for females; a mutation that results in an allele associated with a new fur color in foxes. ................
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