Chapter 12



Chapter 12 Section 1Most air pollution is the result of human activities, but can also come from natural sources (volcano, dust, pollen)Main source of primary air pollution in US is transportationPage 326 Primary Air Pollutants-chart onlyPollutants-source-effects (know carbon monoxide and 1 other from the chart)Page 327— 1st “Clean Air Act” King Edward I Act -1273 - burning of sea coal –illegal almost 1/3 of air pollution in the U.S. comes from gasoline burned by vehiclesClean Air Act 1970 gave the EPA the authority to regulate vehicle emissionsPage 328 California 1990 ZEV program was established to improve air quality only electric vehicles have zero emissionsIn California vehicles account for more than ? of the ozone and particulate matter that pollutes the airCatalytic converter used to make exhaust emissions less harmfulPage 329 Industry usually uses/burns fossil fuels Releases sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxidesSome may produce VOCS (chemical compounds that form toxic fumes)Clean Air Act –industries use scrubbers or other pollution control devicesPage 330 Smog- reduces visibility - results from chemical reactions that involve sunlight, air, automobile exhaust, and ozonePollutants released by vehicles and industries are the main cause of smogThe circulation of the air in the atmosphere usually keeps air pollution from reaching dangerous levels – sometimes however, a temperature inversion may occur - If a city is in a valley there is a greater chance of having temperature inversions ex. Los Angeles surrounded by mountains on 3 sidesSection 2Page 331 Air pollution has been linked to diseaseshort-term effects- headache, nausea, irritation to eyes, nose, and throat, tightness in the chest, coughing, upper respiratory infections such as bronchitis and pneumoniaLong-term effects --emphysema, lung cancer, heart diseasePeople who are very young or very old are most affected by air pollutionPage 332 Indoor Air PollutionChemicals used to make carpets, building materials, paints, and furniture are the major source of pollutants in buildingsPage 334 Radon – when inhaled can lead to cancerRadon is the 2nd leading cause of lung cancer in U.S.asbestos – banned in the early 1970’sNoise Pollution – hearing loss doubled in U.S. in the last 30 years12% of teens have permanent hearing loss*noise pollution can be controlled by mufflers and insulationPage 335 Light pollution doesn’t present a direct hazard to human healthThe major problem is the amount of energy wasted Ex. Lights for billboards, and lighting the exterior of buildingsSection 3Page 336 – 337When fossil fuels burn they release sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide which combine with water in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid - acid precipitationlower pH = more acidic higher pH = more basicpure water = pH of 7Page 338Change in pH of a lake caused by acid precipitation can kill fish and other aquatic life *the effects of acid precipitation are worse in the springAcid precipitation can affect humans in a variety of ways:Toxic metals can get into crops, water, and fish – these can poison humans*some of the world’s most important monuments are being dissolved by acid precipitation1991 Canada and the U.S. signed the Air Quality Agreement - this said that both countries would agree to reduce emissions ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download