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EARTH SYSTEMS LAB: Geologic Time - Construct an ILLUSTRATED Scale Model of the Geologic TimelineScientists have divided the Earth’s history into several periods, based on fossil and rock evidence. For this activity you will construct a timeline based on these eras. Each era and period should be shown with the name, time range and at least one illustration PER PERIOD. Turn in with your name on the back and the most recent year on the outside! NEATNESS COUNTS! Scale: 1 meter = 1 billion years (1 mm = 1 million years) - Length of timeline = 4.6 metersEraPeriodMillions of Years AGODetailsDistance from BEGINNINGCenozoic(Red)Quaternary2Modern humans appear0 - 2 mmTertiary2 – 6510 - Antarctic ice caps appear, Red Sea forms2 mm to 6.5 cm15 - Himalayan Mountains form50 - Separation of Australia & Antarctica80 - Alps form in EuropeMesozoic(Blue)Cretaceous65 to 146Rocky Mountains form, first flowering plants; Ended with Fifth Mass Extinction Event6.5 to 14.6 cmJurassic 146 to 200First birds & flying reptiles14.6cm to 20 cmTriassic200 to 251Early dinosaurs; ammonites, mammals appear; Ended with Fourth Mass Extinction Event20 cm to 25.1 cmPaleozoic(Green)Permian251 to 299280 - Final assembly of Pangaea; early reptiles appear; Ended with Third Mass Extinction25.1 to 29.9 cmCarboniferous(Pennsylvanian)299 to 318300 - Appalachian Mountains begin to form; giant arthropods appear29.9 to 31.8 cmCarboniferous(Mississippian)318 to 359Tropical Forests expand, Formation of coal deposits; amphibians flourish31.8 to 35.9 cmDevonian359 to 416Age of fishes begins, first forests, amphibians appear; Ended with Second Mass Extinction Event35.9 to 41.6 cmSilurian416 to 444First coral reefs, Land plants, Jaws develop in fish41.6 to 44.4 cmOrdovician444 to 488Continued Diversity of Life;Ended with First Mass Extinction Event44.4 to 48.8 cmCambrian488 to 542 Supercontinent Gondwana; Trilobites and brachiopods; Cambrian Explosion: nearly all major animal groups suddenly appeared 48.8 to 54.2 cmPrecambrian(Purple)Proterozoic542 to2,500800 - Breakup of early super continent54.2 to 250 cm (2.5m)1,400 - Formation of early super continentArchean2,500 to 3,8002,700 - Buildup of free oxygen in atmosphere250 cm (2.5m) to 380 cm (3.8m)Hadean3,800 to 4,6003, 800 - Oldest known rocks380 cm (3.8m) to 460 cm (4.6m)4,600 - Precambrian Era begins, beginning of Earth time ................
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