EMT Review Test 1



EMT Review Test 1

The tiny air sacs in the lungs are the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]alveoli

[pic]papillae

[pic]bronchi

[pic]microvilli

[pic]

[pic]

If the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, the pressure within the cavity:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]at first increases, but then rapidly decreases

[pic]increases

[pic]stays the same

[pic]decreases

[pic]

[pic]

The very first step to aid a patient who is not breathing is to:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]clear the mouth

[pic]apply positive ventilation

[pic]open the airway

[pic]administer oxygen

[pic]

[pic]

Atmospheric air contains:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]16 percent oxygen

[pic]10 percent oxygen

[pic]21 percent oxygen

[pic]25 percent oxygen

[pic]

[pic]

When at rest, the average adult will breath:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]1000mL

[pic]4500mL

[pic]500mL

[pic]150mL

[pic]

[pic]

When providing initial ventilation to an infant, each breath should take ______ to deliver.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]1 to 1.5 seconds

[pic]4 to 4.5 seconds

[pic]3 to 3.5 seconds

[pic]2 to 2.5 seconds

[pic]

[pic]

Before beginning any resuscitative procedures with the laryngectomy patient, the EMT should first check for obstructions in the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]pharynx

[pic]larynx

[pic]nose and mouth

[pic]trachea

[pic]

[pic]

When using the mouth-to-stoma ventilation technique, repeat the ventilations once every:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]5 to 6 seconds

[pic]10 seconds

[pic]2 seconds

[pic]second

[pic]

[pic]

For the chest-thrust maneuver, the hands are placed:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]at the lower border of the rib cage

[pic]two to three fingers widths above the xiphoid process

[pic]directly over the xiphoid

[pic]directly over the clavicle

[pic]

[pic]

An EMT is trying to correct a complete airway obstruction in a conscious adult patient. The first maneuver is to deliver:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]back blows

[pic]abdominal thrusts

[pic]finger sweeps

[pic]ventilations

[pic]

[pic]

The formed elements in the blood that carry oxygen are the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]red blood cells

[pic]albumins

[pic]white blood cells

[pic]platelets

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following supplies chemical factors needed for blood clot formation?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]fibrocytes

[pic]platelets

[pic]white blood cells

[pic]red blood cells

[pic]

[pic]

The transfer of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products to and from the cells takes place in the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]capillaries

[pic]arteries

[pic]venules

[pic]veins

[pic]

[pic]

As an EMT you see bright red blood spurting from a wound, this would be:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]capillary bleeding

[pic]emboli bleeding

[pic]venous bleeding

[pic]arterial bleeding

[pic]

[pic]

Which is the best method of controlling external bleeding:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]applying direct pressure

[pic]applying a tourniquet

[pic]applying pressure to a pressure point

[pic]applying a bandage

[pic]

[pic]

What pressure point would you use to control bleeding from the lower leg?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]pedal artery

[pic]pelvic wings

[pic]brachial artery

[pic]femoral artery

[pic]

[pic]

A tourniquet is best applied when:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]only as a last resort

[pic]when the blood from a wound is spurting

[pic]when the patient is going into shock

[pic]ordered by dispatch

[pic]

[pic]

What kind of shock can result from a bee sting?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]cardiogenic shock

[pic]metabolic shock

[pic]septic shock

[pic]anaphylactic shock

[pic]

[pic]

What type of shock is caused when the patient has lost a large amount of blood?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]anaphylactic

[pic]respiratory

[pic]hemorrhagic

[pic]septic

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following is an indication of shock:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]constricted pupils

[pic]dilated pupils

[pic]unequal pupils

[pic]color change of the eyes

[pic]

[pic]

A diabetic is found with a full, rapid pulse, cold clammy skin, and complains of hunger pangs. What is his condition?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]hyperglycemia

[pic]anaphylactic shock

[pic]acute abdomen

[pic]hypoglycemia

[pic]

[pic]

If a patient presents with "acetone breath" what should you suspect?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]ETOH

[pic]CVA

[pic]hyperglycemia

[pic]hypoglycemia

[pic]

[pic]

Care for the conscious patient in question 21, would be:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]administer sugar

[pic]administer insulin

[pic]let the patient eat a Big Mac

[pic]administer sugar and insulin

[pic]

[pic]

"Hardening of the arteries" caused by calcium deposits is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]emphysema

[pic]chronic bronchitis

[pic]atherosclerosis

[pic]arteriosclerosis

[pic]

[pic]

The sharp pain occurring when a portion of the myocardium is not receiving enough oxygenated blood is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]dyspnea

[pic]ascites

[pic]angina pectoris

[pic]rales

[pic]

[pic]

When a thrombus breaks loose from a diseased artery and moves to occlude the flow of blood in a smaller artery, is called an:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]arrhythmia

[pic]aneurysm

[pic]embolus

[pic]asytole

[pic]

[pic]

The proper dosage of syrup of ipecac to be given to a child under the age of 10 is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]2 tablespoons

[pic]2 teaspoons

[pic]1 teaspoon

[pic]1 tablespoon

[pic]

[pic]

The initial dose of ipecac and water may be repeated if the patient has not vomited in:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]15 to 20 minutes

[pic]10 minutes

[pic]30 minutes

[pic]EMT's may not give additional doses

[pic]

[pic]

When a diabetic takes too much insulin, has reduced his sugar intake by not eating, or overexercised or exerted himself, the result is usually:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]diabetic coma

[pic]insulin shock

[pic]insulin coma

[pic]diabetic shock

[pic]

[pic]

A commonly abused narcotic resulting in reduced pulse, lowered skin temperature, and constricting pupils is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]heroin

[pic]mescaline

[pic]cocaine

[pic]methaqualone

[pic]

[pic]

The anatomical region most commonly injured in the read-end impact is the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]pelvis

[pic]neck

[pic]head

[pic]chest

[pic]

[pic]

The pressure wave that accompanies a bullet as it travels through human tissue is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]ballistics

[pic]trajectory

[pic]drag

[pic]cavitation

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following would you expect to cause the greatest cavitation?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]a handgun bullet

[pic]a rifle bullet

[pic]an ice pick

[pic]an arrow

[pic]

[pic]

Generally, powder burns and tattooing around the entrance wound suggest:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]a handgun

[pic]a gun at close range

[pic]a high-powered rifle

[pic]use of black powder

[pic]

[pic]

Ecchymosis over the mastoid bone (characteristic of a basilar skull fracture) is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]Battle's sign

[pic]islets of langerhans

[pic]raccoon eyes

[pic]Goblet's sign

[pic]

[pic]

The injury that damages the brain on the side opposite of the impact is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]contercoup

[pic]subdural hematoma

[pic]subluxation

[pic]reversed effect

[pic]

[pic]

An early sign of increasing intracranial pressure is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]change in the level of consciousness

[pic]irregular respiratory patterns

[pic]bradypnea (slow respirations)

[pic]tachypnea (fast respirations)

[pic]

[pic]

During a trauma assessment you notice that a patient has no sensation below the lower border of the rib cage. This would suggest spinal pathology between which certebral areas?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]C1 and C3

[pic]C3 and T4

[pic]T4 and T10

[pic]T10 and S1

[pic]

[pic]

The most distinctive sign of a frail chest is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]paradoxical chest wall movement

[pic]severe pain on inspiration

[pic]a widening pulse pressure

[pic]extreme hyperinflation of the chest

[pic]

[pic]

The presence of air within the chest cavity, but outside the lung, is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]frail chest

[pic]pneumothorax

[pic]hemothorax

[pic]oxygen incompatibility

[pic]

[pic]

The problem caused when the sac surrounding the heart fills with fluid is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]cerebral vascular accident

[pic]metabolic acidosis

[pic]cardiac rupture

[pic]pericardial tamponade

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following fluids is most acidic?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]beer, pH 3.0

[pic]coffee, pH 5.0

[pic]blood, pH 7.4

[pic]ammonia, pH 11.0

[pic]

[pic]

Solid organs include all of the following EXCEPT the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]stomach

[pic]spleen

[pic]kidneys

[pic]liver

[pic]

[pic]

In abdominal trauma, intravenous access should be established with:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]one 18-gauge catheter

[pic]one, and possibly two, 14 or 16 gauge catheters

[pic]one 20 gauge catheter

[pic]any IV line possible, this is not a high priority

[pic]

[pic]

The mediastinal shift associated with tension pneumothorax results in:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]both ventilatory and cardiovascular compromise

[pic]worsening of thoracis bleeding

[pic]cardiovascular compromise

[pic]ventilatory compromise

[pic]

[pic]

Decorticate posturing involves:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]flexion of the upper and lower extremities

[pic]flexion of the upper extremities and extension of the lower extremities

[pic]extension of the upper and lower extremities

[pic]extension of the upper extremities and flexion of the lower extremities

[pic]

[pic]

The two conditions that aggravate cerebral edema are:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]hypotension and hypoxia

[pic]hypoxia and hypercarbia

[pic]hypotension and bradycardia

[pic]hypotension and hypercarbia

[pic]

[pic]

Blisters are associated with:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]a fourth degree burn

[pic]a second degree burn

[pic]a first degree burn

[pic]a third degree burn

[pic]

[pic]

When sections of bone are crushed and fragmented, it is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]a transverse fracture

[pic]a comminuted fracture

[pic]an impacted fracture

[pic]a greenstick fracture

[pic]

[pic]

Paralysis of one side of the body is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]hemiplegia

[pic]paraplegia

[pic]paresis

[pic]quadriplegia

[pic]

[pic]

A last sign of tension pneumothorax is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]shifting of the trachea toward the affected side

[pic]shifting of the trachea away from the affected side

[pic]severe dyspnea

[pic]none of the above

[pic]

[pic]

In caring for a burn patient who is in need of fluid resuscitation, which of the solutions listed below should you use?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]normal saline

[pic]1/2 normal saline

[pic]D50W

[pic]D5W

[pic]

[pic]

In attending to a burn patient, you find that he received burns to his left leg and thigh circumferentially, as well as to his genitalia. Using the rule of nines, what percentage of his body area is involved?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]27 percent

[pic]10 percent

[pic]18 percent

[pic]19 percent

[pic]

[pic]

Fractures of the pelvis that involve the ring are often associated with blood lost of:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]250 mL

[pic]500 mL

[pic]1000 mL

[pic]more than 2000 mL

[pic]

[pic]

The intravenous solution 1/2 normal saline is considered to be:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]hypotonic

[pic]acidotic

[pic]hypertonic

[pic]isotonic

[pic]

[pic]

A solution that draws fluid from the cells into the vascular spaces when administered to a normally hydrated person is termed:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]a colloid solution

[pic]an isotonic solution

[pic]a hypotonic solution

[pic]a hypertonic solution

[pic]

[pic]

Place in order of speed the following mechanism for acid-base balance. 1. The renal system 2. The buffer system 3. The respiratory system

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]2,3,1

[pic]1,3,2

[pic]1,2,3

[pic]3,2,1

[pic]

[pic]

When a red blood cell is placed into a (an) ___________ solution, it loses water to the surrounding solution and shrinks.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]hypertonic

[pic]ultratonic

[pic]isotonic

[pic]hypotonic

[pic]

[pic]

All of the following are cations EXCEPT:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]sodium

[pic]chloride

[pic]calcium

[pic]potassium

[pic]

[pic]

You have been instructed to establish an IV lifeline in an elderly female experiencing heart failure. The preferred IV solution and administration set for this patient would be:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]normal saline (0.9 percent), macrodrip

[pic]lactated ringer's solution, macrodrip

[pic]whole blood, volutrol

[pic]5 percent dextrose in water, microdrip

[pic]

[pic]

A microdrip administration set generally delivers _______ drops/mL

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]15

[pic]30

[pic]60

[pic]90

[pic]

[pic]

When it is desirable to administer a fluid that will rapidly move out of the intravascular space, you would select:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]D50W

[pic]Lactated Ringer's solution

[pic]0.45% normal saline

[pic]0.9% normal saline

[pic]

[pic]

Which acid-base disturbance would you anticipate in a patient with a severe frail chest:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]respiratory acidosis

[pic]metabolic acidosis

[pic]metabolic alkalosis

[pic]respiratory alkalosis

[pic]

[pic]

Depolarization of the ventricles is _____ of a normal ECG tracing.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]indicated by the P-R interval

[pic]indicated by the P wave

[pic]indicated by the T wave

[pic]indicated by the QRS complex

[pic]

[pic]

The top of the heart is known as the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]base

[pic]pericardium

[pic]apex

[pic]arch

[pic]

[pic]

The thickest chamber of the heart is the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]right ventricle

[pic]left ventricle

[pic]right atria

[pic]left atria

[pic]

[pic]

Blood is pumped to the systemic circulation from which chamber?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]left ventricle

[pic]right ventricle

[pic]left atria

[pic]right atria

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following is the dominant pacemaker of the heart?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]SA node

[pic]AV node

[pic]purkinje system

[pic]AV junction

[pic]

[pic]

The P wave of the normal EKG corresponds to which of the following phenomenon?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]Atrila depolarization

[pic]S-A node firing

[pic]Atrial repolarization

[pic]Venticular depolorization

[pic]

[pic]

A pateint is found in asystole. The most appropriate and immediate intervention indicated is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]precordial thump

[pic]administer epinephrine

[pic]defibrillate at 200-300 joules

[pic]start CPR

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following is the origin of the drug lidocaine?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]plant

[pic]synthetic

[pic]animal

[pic]mineral

[pic]

[pic]

What is the study of drug action upon the body called?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]pharmacokinetics

[pic]synergism

[pic]pharmacology

[pic]pharmacodynamics

[pic]

[pic]

Drug removal from the vascular system is done by the _______________.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]kidneys

[pic]liver

[pic]lungs and intestinal tract

[pic]all of the above

[pic]

[pic]

The unique characteristics of a drug on an individual is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]synergism

[pic]cumulative

[pic]refractory

[pic]idiosyncracy

[pic]

[pic]

In most cases drugs used in the field are for:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]unconscious states

[pic]hemosynamic emergencies

[pic]allergic reactions

[pic]cardiovascular emergencies

[pic]

[pic]

______________ is the combined action of two drugs. It is much stronger that the effects of either one.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]synegism

[pic]hypersensitivity

[pic]untoward reaction

[pic]idiosyncrasy

[pic]

[pic]

What drug blocks the action of the sympathetic nervous system?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]dopaminerolytic

[pic]vagalytic

[pic]sympatholytic

[pic]parasympathomimetic

[pic]

[pic]

Which drug in the following list can be given via the ET tube?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]atropine

[pic]naloxone

[pic]epinephrine

[pic]all of the above

[pic]

[pic]

Place the following metric prefixes in order from smallest to largest. 1. deci 2. milli 3. micro, 4. kilo 5. centi

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]5,3,4,2,1

[pic]3,2,5,1,4

[pic]2,5,3,4,1

[pic]2,3,5,1,4

[pic]

[pic]

The name Narcan is an example of which of the following?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]official name

[pic]chemical name

[pic]beneric name

[pic]trade name

[pic]

[pic]

The second stage of labor begins when the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]amniotic sac ruptures

[pic]placenta delivers

[pic]baby moves into the birth canal

[pic]cervix starts to dilate

[pic]

[pic]

Spontaneous respirations should begin within _______ after delivery.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]45 seconds

[pic]30 seconds

[pic]2 minutes

[pic]1 minute

[pic]

[pic]

The muscular organ that protects the fetus is called the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]uterus

[pic]fundus

[pic]unbilicus

[pic]placenta

[pic]

[pic]

A premature baby is one that is less than 5.5 lbs or is born before the _____ month.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]8th

[pic]7th

[pic]9th

[pic]6th

[pic]

[pic]

An APGAR score of 0 to 3 represents ________ distress.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]moderate

[pic]mild

[pic]no

[pic]severe

[pic]

[pic]

When the placenta separates from the uterine wall before delivery it is called:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]abruptio placenta

[pic]endometriosis

[pic]post partum hemorrage

[pic]placenta previa

[pic]

[pic]

In an ectopic pregnancy, the:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]egg is not implanted at all

[pic]uterus does not expand adequately to hold the fetus

[pic]uterus does not have sufficient nutrients to sustain pregnancy

[pic]egg is implanted outside the uterus

[pic]

[pic]

Normal headfirst birth is called _______ delivery.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]ectopic

[pic]prolapsed

[pic]cephalic

[pic]breech

[pic]

[pic]

To assist in delivering the baby's upper shoulder, you should:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]support the baby's head

[pic]pull on the baby's head

[pic]guide the baby's head upward

[pic]guide the baby's head downward

[pic]

[pic]

The first clamp placed on the umbilical cord should be ________ inches from the baby.

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]12

[pic]5

[pic]10

[pic]2

[pic]

[pic]

Uncontrolled diabetes may lead to:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]metabolic shock

[pic]neurogenic shock

[pic]anaphylactic shock

[pic]psychogenic shock

[pic]

[pic]

An example of psychogenic shock is:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]a stroke

[pic]simple fainting

[pic]paranoia

[pic]spinal shock

[pic]

[pic]

Respiratory shock is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]severe blood loss

[pic]chest trauma

[pic]spinal injury

[pic]airway obstruction

[pic]

[pic]

An early indicator of shock may be:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]dry skin

[pic]constricted pupils

[pic]decrease in pulse

[pic]restlessness and anxiety

[pic]

[pic]

Hypovolemic shock in an adult may result from a loss of:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]2 cups of blood

[pic]1 pint of blood

[pic]2 units of blood

[pic]500 cc of blood

[pic]

[pic]

The vital signs of a patient in shock should ideally be checked:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]every 20 minutes

[pic]every 15 minutes

[pic]every 5 minutes

[pic]every 10 minutes

[pic]

[pic]

An absolute contraindication for the use of MAST would be:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]pregnancy

[pic]pulmonary edema

[pic]evisceration

[pic]an impaled object

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following fractures would be expected to account for the greatest blood loss?

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]humerus

[pic]pelvis

[pic]facial

[pic]femur

[pic]

[pic]

Which of the following steps in emergency care should be taken first:

[pic]

Your answer:

[pic]treat for shock

[pic]open and maintain an airway

[pic]control severe bleeding

[pic]re-establish circulation

[pic]

[pic]

Treatment for shock would include:

Answers: EMT Review Test 1

1. The tiny air sacs in the lungs are the:

Your answer: alveoli

CORRECT!

2. If the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, the pressure within the cavity:

Your answer: decreases

CORRECT!

3. The very first step to aid a patient who is not breathing is to:

Your answer: open the airway

CORRECT!

4. Atmospheric air contains:

Your answer: 21 percent oxygen

CORRECT!

5. When at rest, the average adult will breath:

Your answer: 500mL

CORRECT!

6. When providing initial ventilation to an infant, each breath should take ______ to deliver.

Your answer: 1 to 1.5 seconds

CORRECT!

7. Before beginning any resuscitative procedures with the laryngectomy patient, the EMT should first check for obstructions in the:

Your answer: trachea

CORRECT!

8. When using the mouth-to-stoma ventilation technique, repeat the ventilations once every:

Your answer: 5 to 6 seconds

CORRECT!

9. For the chest-thrust maneuver, the hands are placed:

Your answer: two to three fingers widths above the xiphoid process

CORRECT!

10. An EMT is trying to correct a complete airway obstruction in a conscious adult patient. The first maneuver is to deliver:

Your answer: abdominal thrusts

CORRECT!

11. The formed elements in the blood that carry oxygen are the:

Your answer: red blood cells

CORRECT!

12. Which of the following supplies chemical factors needed for blood clot formation?

Your answer: platelets

CORRECT!

13. The transfer of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products to and from the cells takes place in the:

Your answer: capillaries

CORRECT!

14. As an EMT you see bright red blood spurting from a wound, this would be:

Your answer: arterial bleeding

CORRECT!

15. Which is the best method of controlling external bleeding:

Your answer: applying direct pressure

CORRECT!

16. What pressure point would you use to control bleeding from the lower leg?

Your answer: femoral artery

CORRECT!

17. A tourniquet is best applied when:

Your answer: only as a last resort

CORRECT!

18. What kind of shock can result from a bee sting?

Your answer: anaphylactic shock

CORRECT!

19. What type of shock is caused when the patient has lost a large amount of blood?

Your answer: hemorrhagic

CORRECT!

20. Which of the following is an indication of shock:

Your answer: dilated pupils

CORRECT!

21. A diabetic is found with a full, rapid pulse, cold clammy skin, and complains of hunger pangs. What is his condition?

Your answer: hypoglycemia

CORRECT!

22. If a patient presents with "acetone breath" what should you suspect?

Your answer: hyperglycemia

CORRECT!

23. Care for the conscious patient in question 21, would be:

Your answer: administer sugar

CORRECT!

24. "Hardening of the arteries" caused by calcium deposits is called:

Your answer: arteriosclerosis

CORRECT!

25. The sharp pain occurring when a portion of the myocardium is not receiving enough oxygenated blood is:

Your answer: angina pectoris

CORRECT!

26. When a thrombus breaks loose from a diseased artery and moves to occlude the flow of blood in a smaller artery, is called an:

Your answer: embolus

CORRECT!

27. The proper dosage of syrup of ipecac to be given to a child under the age of 10 is:

Your answer: 1 tablespoon

CORRECT!

28. The initial dose of ipecac and water may be repeated if the patient has not vomited in:

Your answer: 15 to 20 minutes

CORRECT!

29. When a diabetic takes too much insulin, has reduced his sugar intake by not eating, or overexercised or exerted himself, the result is usually:

Your answer: insulin shock

CORRECT!

30. A commonly abused narcotic resulting in reduced pulse, lowered skin temperature, and constricting pupils is:

Your answer: heroin

CORRECT!

31. The anatomical region most commonly injured in the read-end impact is the:

Your answer: neck

CORRECT!

32. The pressure wave that accompanies a bullet as it travels through human tissue is called:

Your answer: cavitation

CORRECT!

33. Which of the following would you expect to cause the greatest cavitation?

Your answer: a rifle bullet

CORRECT!

34. Generally, powder burns and tattooing around the entrance wound suggest:

Your answer: a gun at close range

CORRECT!

35. Ecchymosis over the mastoid bone (characteristic of a basilar skull fracture) is called:

Your answer: Battle's sign

CORRECT!

36. The injury that damages the brain on the side opposite of the impact is called:

Your answer: contercoup

CORRECT!

37. An early sign of increasing intracranial pressure is:

Your answer: change in the level of consciousness

CORRECT!

38. During a trauma assessment you notice that a patient has no sensation below the lower border of the rib cage. This would suggest spinal pathology between which certebral areas?

Your answer: T4 and T10

CORRECT!

39. The most distinctive sign of a frail chest is:

Your answer: paradoxical chest wall movement

CORRECT!

40. The presence of air within the chest cavity, but outside the lung, is called:

Your answer: pneumothorax

CORRECT!

41. The problem caused when the sac surrounding the heart fills with fluid is called:

Your answer: pericardial tamponade

CORRECT!

42. Which of the following fluids is most acidic?

Your answer: beer, pH 3.0

CORRECT!

43. Solid organs include all of the following EXCEPT the:

Your answer: stomach

CORRECT!

44. In abdominal trauma, intravenous access should be established with:

Your answer: one, and possibly two, 14 or 16 gauge catheters

CORRECT!

45. The mediastinal shift associated with tension pneumothorax results in:

Your answer: both ventilatory and cardiovascular compromise

CORRECT!

46. Decorticate posturing involves:

Your answer: flexion of the upper extremities and extension of the lower extremities

CORRECT!

47. The two conditions that aggravate cerebral edema are:

Your answer: hypoxia and hypercarbia

CORRECT!

48. Blisters are associated with:

Your answer: a second degree burn

CORRECT!

49. When sections of bone are crushed and fragmented, it is called:

Your answer: a comminuted fracture

CORRECT!

50. Paralysis of one side of the body is called:

Your answer: hemiplegia

CORRECT!

51. A last sign of tension pneumothorax is:

Your answer: shifting of the trachea away from the affected side

CORRECT!

52. In caring for a burn patient who is in need of fluid resuscitation, which of the solutions listed below should you use?

Your answer: normal saline

CORRECT!

53. In attending to a burn patient, you find that he received burns to his left leg and thigh circumferentially, as well as to his genitalia. Using the rule of nines, what percentage of his body area is involved?

Your answer: 19 percent

CORRECT!

54. Fractures of the pelvis that involve the ring are often associated with blood lost of:

Your answer: more than 2000 mL

CORRECT!

55. The intravenous solution 1/2 normal saline is considered to be:

Your answer: hypotonic

CORRECT!

56. A solution that draws fluid from the cells into the vascular spaces when administered to a normally hydrated person is termed:

Your answer: a hypertonic solution

CORRECT!

57. Place in order of speed the following mechanism for acid-base balance. 1. The renal system 2. The buffer system 3. The respiratory system

Your answer: 2,3,1

CORRECT!

58. When a red blood cell is placed into a (an) ___________ solution, it loses water to the surrounding solution and shrinks.

Your answer: hypertonic

CORRECT!

59. All of the following are cations EXCEPT:

Your answer: chloride

CORRECT!

60. You have been instructed to establish an IV lifeline in an elderly female experiencing heart failure. The preferred IV solution and administration set for this patient would be:

Your answer: 5 percent dextrose in water, microdrip

CORRECT!

61. A microdrip administration set generally delivers _______ drops/mL

Your answer: 60

CORRECT!

62. When it is desirable to administer a fluid that will rapidly move out of the intravascular space, you would select:

Your answer: 0.45% normal saline

CORRECT!

63. Which acid-base disturbance would you anticipate in a patient with a severe frail chest:

Your answer: respiratory acidosis

CORRECT!

64. Depolarization of the ventricles is _____ of a normal ECG tracing.

Your answer: indicated by the QRS complex

CORRECT!

65. The top of the heart is known as the:

Your answer: base

CORRECT!

66. The thickest chamber of the heart is the:

Your answer: left ventricle

CORRECT!

67. Blood is pumped to the systemic circulation from which chamber?

Your answer: left ventricle

CORRECT!

68. Which of the following is the dominant pacemaker of the heart?

Your answer: SA node

CORRECT!

69. The P wave of the normal EKG corresponds to which of the following phenomenon?

Your answer: Atrila depolarization

CORRECT!

70. A patient is found in asystole. The most appropriate and immediate intervention indicated is:

Your answer: start CPR

CORRECT!

71. Which of the following is the origin of the drug lidocaine?

Your answer: synthetic

CORRECT!

72. What is the study of drug action upon the body called?

Your answer: pharmacodynamics

CORRECT!

73. Drug removal from the vascular system is done by the _______________.

Your answer: all of the above

CORRECT!

74. The unique characteristics of a drug on an individual is called:

Your answer: idiosyncracy

CORRECT!

75. In most cases drugs used in the field are for:

Your answer: cardiovascular emergencies

CORRECT!

76. ______________ is the combined action of two drugs. It is much stronger that the effects of either one.

Your answer: synegism

CORRECT!

77. What drug blocks the action of the sympathetic nervous system?

Your answer: sympatholytic

CORRECT!

78. Which drug in the following list can be given via the ET tube?

Your answer: all of the above

CORRECT!

79. Place the following metric prefixes in order from smallest to largest. 1. deci 2. milli 3. micro, 4. kilo 5. centi

Your answer: 3,2,5,1,4

CORRECT!

80. The name Narcan is an example of which of the following?

Your answer: trade name

CORRECT!

81. The second stage of labor begins when the:

Your answer: baby moves into the birth canal

CORRECT!

82. Spontaneous respirations should begin within _______ after delivery.

Your answer: 30 seconds

CORRECT!

83. The muscular organ that protects the fetus is called the:

Your answer: uterus

CORRECT!

84. A premature baby is one that is less than 5.5 lbs or is born before the _____ month.

Your answer: 9th

CORRECT!

85. An APGAR score of 0 to 3 represents ________ distress.

Your answer: severe

CORRECT!

86. When the placenta separates from the uterine wall before delivery it is called:

Your answer: abruptio placenta

CORRECT!

87. In an ectopic pregnancy, the:

Your answer: egg is implanted outside the uterus

CORRECT!

88. Normal headfirst birth is called _______ delivery.

Your answer: cephalic

CORRECT!

89. To assist in delivering the baby's upper shoulder, you should:

Your answer: guide the baby's head downward

CORRECT!

90. The first clamp placed on the umbilical cord should be ________ inches from the baby.

Your answer: 10

CORRECT!

91. Uncontrolled diabetes may lead to:

Your answer: metabolic shock

CORRECT!

92. An example of psychogenic shock is:

Your answer: simple fainting

CORRECT!

93. Respiratory shock is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Your answer: severe blood loss

CORRECT!

94. An early indicator of shock may be:

Your answer: restlessness and anxiety

CORRECT!

95. Hypovolemic shock in an adult may result from a loss of:

Your answer: 2 units of blood

CORRECT!

96. The vital signs of a patient in shock should ideally be checked:

Your answer: every 5 minutes

CORRECT!

97. An absolute contraindication for the use of MAST would be:

Your answer: pulmonary edema

CORRECT!

98. Which of the following fractures would be expected to account for the greatest blood loss?

Your answer: pelvis

CORRECT!

99. Which of the following steps in emergency care should be taken first:

Your answer: open and maintain an airway

CORRECT!

100. Treatment for shock would include:

Your answer: none of the above

CORRECT!

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