Submarine Task - WikiLeaks



US Submarine Technology Transfer/Assistance

Taiwan

The Hai Shih class submarines were originally Guppy II class submarines that were built in the 1940s and sold to Taiwan in 1973. Certain Taiwanese submarines are capable of firing Mark 48 torpedoes and UGM-84 Harpoon missiles.(Source) (Source: Attached ship trade registry)

Taiwan first requested submarines in 1995. At the U.S.-Taiwan arms sales talks on April 24, 2001, President George W. Bush approved for possible sale 8 diesel-electric submarines, and Taiwanese legislation was passed in May 2002 requiring Taiwan’s navy to arrange for six of the eight submarines to be built in Taiwan using technology transfers.

However, by April 2003, the sale became at risk, when the United States and Taiwan reached an impasse over the program start-up costs estimated by the U.S. Navy at $333 million, but offered at $28.5 million by Taiwan. Additionally, Deputy Secretary of Defense Wolfowitz told Taiwan’s visiting legislative delegation on June 21, 2004, that the Bush Administration approved Taiwan’s request for assistance in purchasing submarines but was opposed to Taiwan’s proposal to build them in Taiwan.

Congress was worried about potential technology transfers to Taiwan and European countries and leaks of secrets from Taiwan to the PRC that could involve U.S. submarine secrets and implications for the U.S. military. (Source)

After years of negotiating studies and pricing structures, Taiwan formally dropped a request for U.S. submarines on February 9, 2010. (Source)

In December 2010, the China Post said Chinese-language Next Magazine reported that a task force comprising officials of the Navy and the CSBC Corp. Taiwan visited Russia in October to discuss the possibility of collaborating with shipbuilders there to build submarines for Taiwan. The Taiwanese Defense Ministry was quick to dismiss these claims however. “There is absolutely no such plan,” Vice Defense Minister Chao Shih chang said while fielding questions at a meeting of the Legislative Yuan's National Defense and Foreign Affairs Committee. (Source)

Australia

The current Collins Class submarines are equipped with US Mark 48 torpedoes, which the United States sold the Australians from 1975-2009. The Collins is also equipped with UGM-84 Harpoon missiles which were purchased from the U.S. between 1984 and 1986. The Australian subs are capable of carrying Tomahawk cruise missiles as well.(Source) (Source: Attached missile trade register)

On, July 17, 2000 the Australian defense minister Moore said the following regarding American technical assistance with their submarine program “…we were able to use both their testing tanks and other technology to find out, firstly, the answer to the question of the noise, and more particularly, the question about the combat system.” (Source)

As of December 2009, the United States Navy was developing AN/BYG-1 for use on the Royal Australian Navy Collins class diesel electric submarines. AN/BYG-1 is an open architecture submarine combat control system for analyzing and tracking submarine and surface ship contacts, enabling crew situational awareness, and for targeting and employing tactical torpedoes and missiles. AN/BYG-1 replaces central processors with commercial off-the-shelf computer technology and software. The Navy installs improvements to the system via a spiral development program. (Source) (Source)

In 2009, Australia was planning on retiring their current submarine fleet of 6 Collins class submarines sometime in the near future. They have committed to designing and building a replacement fleet of 12 new conventional “future submarines”. This project will be Australia’s largest defense project to date. The Australian government intends to continue the very close level of Australia-US collaboration in undersea warfare capability as a crucial part of the development and management of the Future Submarine. (Source)

United Kingdom

On August 07, 2001, The Department of Defense announced that Lockheed Martin, was awarded a contract for the design, development, and production to modify the United States Navy Tactical Tomahawk Weapons Control System for use on the United Kingdom ASTUTE Class Submarine for the Government of the United Kingdom under the Foreign Military Sales Program. Work was expected to be completed in August 2004. (Source)

On June 16, 2004, The Department of Defense announced that the Raytheon Company was awarded a contract for 12 Submarine High Data Rate (SubHDR) antenna masts. The SubHDR antenna system provides high capacity communications to submarines in the SHF and EHF spectrums. The SubHDR antenna system is considered to be highly specialized equipment that utilizes unique technology to provide an antenna that meets the Navys operational requirements for high bandwidth communications in the adverse environment of a Navy submarine. This contract included potential orders for additional SubHDR masts, supporting spares, test stations and support services. This initial order combined purchases for the Navy (five masts or 40 percent) and the British Navy (seven masts or 60 percent of the order). Work was expected to be completed by August 2006. (Source)

Also in June 2004, the Electric Boat Corporation was awarded a modification to previously awarded contract (N00024-04-C-2100) for Design Agent, Planning Yard and engineering and technical support for Foreign Military Sales (FMS) Submarine programs. The contract provides services for United Kingdom Astute-Class Submarine in the area of design support, U.S. submarine design and production expertise; assistance with the development of computer aided design (CAD) tools and their use in submarine design and production processes; producing Astute-Class production drawings; and assisting/exchanging of expertise on submarine construction techniques. Work was expected to be completed by January 2007. (Source)

In late 2007 there was an exchange of information regarding the use of non-hull penetrating visual systems (photonics in the U.S. and optronics in the U.K.) to ensure that knowledge and lessons learned from the operation of the new non-hull penetrating masts on the Virginia-class are passed to the Astute-class.(Source)

The United States has sold the United Kingdom a substantial amount of submarine weaponry.UGM-84 Harpoon missiles were sold to the United Kingdom from 1980-2003. The British bought submarine launchable BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles between 1997 and 2009. The United States also sold the British the Polaris-A3 and UGM-133 Trident DS nuclear delivery systems from 1968-1982 and 1993-2004 respectively. (Source: Attached missile trade register)

Other Countries

Sources:

1.

2. Ship trade register (Attached)

3. Missile trade register (Attached)

Argentina

The United States sold Argentina Balao, Guppy IA and Guppy II class submarines from 1960-1970. The US also sold the Argentina SST Seal torpedoes in 1974 an MK-34 torpedoes from 1984-1985. Currently, the Santa Cruz and Salta class submarines are equipped with US mark 478 torpedoes. (Sources 1, 2 and 3)

Brazil

The Brazilian Goias class submarines were originally Guppy III class submarines. The United States has also sold Brazil Gato and Guppy II class submarines between 1957- 1973. Currently certain Brazilian submarines are equipped with Mark 37 torpedoes and UGM-84 Harpoon missiles. Beginning in 2011, some Brazilian submarines are supposed to become equipped with Mark 48 torpedoes. Brazil ordered the Mark 48s in 2007, but no recent information regarding the status of this sale was available.

Also in 2007, Lockheed Martin won a contact to upgrade and modernize the current Brazilian submarine fleet. We were selected to deliver an advanced, open-architecture combat system to modernize four Tupi-class submarines, one Tikuna-class submarine and one shore-based trainer system for the Brazilian Navy.  Under a contract administered by the U.S. Navy, as part of a foreign military sale to the Brazilian Navy, Lockheed Martin will provide systems engineering, sensors, software and electronics for the modernization of the diesel submarines' control, combat management, sonar and fire control and weapons launch systems. Sources 1, 2 and 3 and Source)

Canada

Canadian submarines use US fire control systems, electronic support measures and communication systems. The Victoria and Ojibwas class submarines are equipped with Mark 48 torpedoes that were bought between 1968 and 1971. The United States also sold Canada Balao and Tench submarines from 1961-1968. (Source 1, 2 and 3)

Chile

The United States sold Chile Balao class submarines in 1961 (Source 2)

Egypt

The United States sold Egypt UGM-84 Harpoon missiles for their Romeo-class submarines between 1990 and 1997 (Source 3)

Greece

The Papanikolis Class and the Katsonis class submarines were originally Guppy class IIA and Guppy Class III respectively. The ship sales occurred from 1957-1973. The United States also sold Greece UGM-84 Harpoon missiles from 1993-1999, and received an order for more in 2002. On March 1, 2010, The Department of Defense released a press statement stating that Boeing received a contract to provide integrated logistical support to the Greek Harpoon program. The work was to be completed by November 2010 (Sources 1, 2 and 3 and Source)

Israel

Israeli submarines are capable of carrying US NT-37E torpedoes and UGM-84 Harpoon missiles. Israel purchased UGM-84 Harpoon missiles in 1983. (Sources 1 and 3)

Italy

The Italian Salvatore Pelosi and Primo Longobardo class submarines are both US UGM-84 Harpoon capable. The United States sold Italy Gato, Balao and Guppy III class submarines from 1954-1973. (Sources 1, 2)

Japan

The Japanese bought a Gato class submarine in 1955 to use as a training ship. The Japanese also bought hundreds of UGM-84 Harpoon missiles between 1980 and 1990. (Sources 2 and 3)

Netherlands

The Zwaardvis and Walrus class submarines are based off of the U.S. Barrel design. The Walrus class is capable of firing a UGM-84 Harpoon missile. The Netherlands bought 2 Guppy I-A submarines in 1953. The United States also sold the Netherlands UGM-84 Harpoon missiles, Mark 37 and Mark 48 torpedoes in 1989-1994, 1972 and 1982-1994 respectively. (Source 1, 2 and 3)

Norway

The Sokol class submarines are equipped with US NT-37C torpedoes (Source 1)

Pakistan

Pakistan’s Hangor and Hashmat class submarines both use the UGM-84 Harpoon. the United States sold Pakistan a Tench submarine in 1964. The Pakistanis also bought several MK-44 torpedoes in 1965-1966, but it cannot be confirmed that these were used on their submarines. (Source 1, 2 and 3)

Peru

The Peruvian Pacocha class submarine was originally the U.S. Guppy IIA class submarine and the Dos de Mayo class submarine is a modified version of the US Marlin class design. The United States also sold Peru Abtao and Guppy 1-A class submarines. The ship sales occurred from1954-1975 (Source 1 and 2)

South Korea

The South Korean government bought UGM-84 Harpoon missiles between 1998 and 2008 (Source 3)

Spain

The Spanish Delfin class submarines are fitted with the US prairie masker noise suppression bubbler system. The United States also sold Spain Balao and Guppy II class submarines between 1959 and 1974. (Sources 1 and 2)

Spain/France

The S-80 class submarine is equipped with US Raytheon Tomahawk (Block IV) SSM missile (Source 1)

Sweden

Swedish Gotland class submarines use US signal processing systems, acoustic intercept arrays and signal analysis systems. (Source 1)

Turkey

Turkey bought U.S. built Balao, Guppy IIA, Guppy III and Tang class submarines between1948-1973.The Turkish government also bought MK-37 torpedoes and UGM-84 Harpoon missiles from 1976-1989 and 1997-2001 respectively (Sources: 1, 2 and 3)

Venezuela

The Sabalo class submarine is equipped with the US Mark 37 torpedo. The United States sold Venezuela Balao and Guppy II class submarines between 1960 and 1973 (Sources 1 and 2)

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