Public Speaking - Appalachian State University

[Pages:14]Public Speaking

Chapter 12: Functions of Informative Speaking

Objectives

z Upon completing this session, you will be able to:

z Identify the functions of informative speaking as sharing ideas and information, shaping perceptions, ,setting an agenda, and Clarifying options

z Help listeners learn by speaking for motivation, attention, and retention

z Identify the types of informative speeches as speeches of description, demonstration, explanation or briefings.

z Employ one of at least 7 speech design schemas

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Functions of Informative Speaking

z The functions of an informative speech are to:

z Share Information and Ideas z Shape Audience Perceptions z Set an Agenda z Clarify Options

Functions of Informative Speaking

z The functions of an informative speech are to:

z Share Information and Ideas

z Value is how much new information you bring to the audience

z Shared information is vital to our survival z Our information age: What does that imply to you? z How much does the audience know, what do they

NEED to know, and do I know enough to help others understand it?

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Functions of Informative Speaking

z The functions of an informative speech are to:

z Share Information and Ideas z Shape Audience Perceptions

z Information can set the stage for later persuasion

z Teaching speech examples from the book (p.322)

Functions of Informative Speaking

z The functions of an informative speech are to:

z Share Information and Ideas z Shape Audience Perceptions z Set an Agenda

z The amount of information today is overwhelming

z Amount of time or space news allots to a story tells us how important we should think it is and what we should be thinking about

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Functions of Informative Speaking

z The functions of an informative speech are to:

z Share Information and Ideas z Shape Audience Perceptions z Set an Agenda

z Amount of information today is overwhelming

z Amount of time or space news allots to a story tells us how important we should think it is and what we should be thinking about

z Sets agenda by shaping perceptions we have about the topic. (Milk Speech-Wounded Knee (p 463)

Functions of Informative Speaking

z The functions of an informative speech are to:

z Share Information and Ideas z Shape Audience Perceptions z Set an Agenda z Clarify Options

z Reveals and clarifies possibilities, alternatives z Ethical burden:

z Communicate responsibly z Seek out material from diverse sources/viewpoints

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Functions of Informative Speaking

z Help Listeners Learn through focusing on 3 basic learning principles:

z Motivation z Attention z Retention

The success of an informational speech can be measured in terms of whether and how much the listener learns from the speech. (Osborn/Osborn, 2003)

Ask yourself: How much do they know? How interested might they be? What preconceptions do they have that may help or hinder you?

Functions of Informative Speaking

z Help Listeners Learn through focusing on:

z Motivation

z Quickly establish why this message is important to them.

z What will it do for them? z Review Maslow's Hierarchy for strong motivators z Review Chapter 4

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Functions of Informative Speaking

z Help Listeners Learn through focusing on:

z Motivation z Attention

z Don't let initial interest slip away z Sustain interest by:

z Intensity: Prominent voice, sound, graphics, objects z Repetition: Sounds, catch phrases, unifying device z Novelty: New way of looking at something, "Wasteberg" z Activity: Change of pace, position, media, volume z Contrast: Pros and cons, polar opposites, drama z Relevance: Emphasize importance to the audience.

Functions of Informative Speaking

z Help Listeners Learn through focusing on:

z Motivation z Attention z Retention

z Repetition, relevance, conflict and drama help aid retention

z Structure: Previews, summaries, and clear transitions

z Mnemonics z 7 plus or minus 1 (Grouping concept) See p. 328

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Functions of Informative Speaking

z The Four Types of Informative Speeches:

z Description z Demonstration z Explanation z Briefing

Functions of Informative Speaking

z The Four Types of Informative Speeches:

z Description

z Give audience a clear picture of your subject

z Artful use of language z Clear-Concrete-Colorful words (See Wounded Knee P463)

z Topic, purpose and materials for this speech will also suggest appropriate design type to use (Wounded Knee uses Spatial design) z Note: We will discuss design types following the Speech Types topic

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Functions of Informative Speaking

z The Four Types of Informative Speeches:

z Description z Demonstration

z Shows the audience how something to do or use something

z Physical: Dance, etc. z Intellectual: Take a test tips z Emotional: Coping with events, encounters

z Helped my visual and demonstration aids

z Props, pictures, diagrams

Functions of Informative Speaking

z The Four Types of Informative Speeches:

z Description z Demonstration z Explanation

z Explains abstract/complicated subject matter

z Usually uses categorical design to break subject into related, understandable parts z Proceed from something familiar or similar z Compare examples/non-examples

z Reinforces with additional examples and similes z More difficult when concept is counter to currently

accepted beliefs or practices (How to Attack)

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