OUTLINE FOR ALTERATION OF GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION



OUTLINE FOR ALTERATION OF GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION

OBJECTIVES:

A. Describe the pediatric differences in anatomy and physiology of the GI system

B. Describe assessment techniques specific to GI system

C. Discuss the pathophysiologic processes associated with specific gastrointestinal disorders in the pediatric population

D. Identify signs and symptoms that may indicate a disorder of the gastrointestinal system.

E. Describe nursing management and plan care for disorders of the gastrointestinal system

F. Analyze developmentally appropriate approaches for nursing management of gastrointestinal disorders in the pediatric population

G. Discuss pathophysiology, toxicology, treatment and nursing management of a child with lead ingestion

H. Examine resources available to children and families affected by disorders of GI tract.

READINGS:

Ball, Jane W. and Bindler, Ruth C. (2006). Child health Nursing: Partnering with Children and families. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Chap. 30, pp 1090-1172.

OUTLINE:

A. Pediatric differences in anatomy and physiology

a. Developmental stages

b. Assessment of GI system

B. Structural Defects

a. Cleft lip and Cleft Palate

b. Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula

c. Pyloric stenosis

d. Intussusception

e. Abdominal wall defects

f. Anorectal malformations

g. Umbilical hernia

C. Disorders of Motility

a. Gastroesophageal reflux

b. Constipation and encopresis

c. Hirschsprung disease

d. Parasitic disorders

e. Gastroenteritis

D. Intestinal Parasitic Disorders

E. Inflammatory Disorders

a. Peptic ulcers

b. Appendicitis

c. Necrotizing Enterocolitis

d. Meckel’s diverticulum

e. Recurrent Abdominal Pain

f. Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis)

F. Disorders of Malabsorption

a. Short Bowel Syndrome

b. Celiac Disease

c. Lactose Intolerance

d. Rumination

G. Hepatic Disorders

a. Hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn

b. Biliary atresia

c. Viral Hepatitis

d. Cirrhosis

H. Injuries to the Gastrointestinal system

a. Trauma

b. Poisons

c. Ingestion of foreign objects

STUDY GUIDE FOR GASTRO-INTESTINAL ALTERATIONS IN THE YOUNG CHILD

Go to the Cleft Palate Foundation website () On the right hand side of their home page is a link to “story of the month”. Click on that link. Scroll down until you find July 2006, Dominic’s story. Click on that link and read the story of Dominic, his family, and his successful surgery for bilateral cleft lip. With that in mind, answer the following questions in paragraph form.

1. What vital signs are important in caring for this patient postoperatively?

2. How should this client be positioned postoperatively?

3. What should the nurse do to help provide comfort to the patient? Include both pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods of comfort/ pain relief.

4. How should the parent’s psychosocial needs be met by the nurse?

5. What type of interdisciplinary support will the patient need after being discharged from the hospital?

You may also go to the website for the textbook, , and click on the link for case study on the left. Answer the questions in the boxes provided and submit results for grading, review and correct as needed, and submit to lmurphy@salemstate.edu. Don’t forget to provide your complete name.

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