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-57150-81915000Lesson 1: To identify the perspective of the extract taken from ‘The Explorer’s DaughterDo it now: thinking about travelBelow is a map of the world. On this map, highlight the places you have been lucky enough to visit.Now choose one place you have visited. What was it about this place that made it memorable to you? Try and think of at least five things:1 ____________________________________________________________________________2 ____________________________________________________________________________3 ____________________________________________________________________________4 ____________________________________________________________________________5 ____________________________________________________________________________Key question: some people choose to write about the places they visit – why do you think this is?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________New knowledge: the background to the extractRead the following information:The Explorer’s DaughterKari Herbert is a British travel writer, photographer and television presenter. Herbert was born in 1970, the daughter of Sir Wally Herbert, the Polar explorer. She was brought up for the first few years of her life in North Greenland and lived among the Inughuit people in the harsh environment of the Arctic. In 2002, she revisited the area, staying near Thule, a remote settlement in the snowy wastes of north Greenland.She has written for a number of magazines as a travel writer, and in 2005, published ‘The Explorer’s Daughter’, her best-known book. She has made a number of television programmes on the themes of exploration and conservation, and is a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.Key questions: The title of the extract ‘ The Explorer’s Daughter’ immediately informs us about the perspective from which this piece of writing is produced. What is an explorer?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Why are the words highlighted in bold significant in helping us to understand the perspective of the writing?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Contextually, we now know the extract will explore some aspect of Greenland.Key question: If an explorer were to write about Greenland, what do you think they might write about?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________New knowledge: our passageIn the passage we are going to read, Herbert writes about her experiences of watching a hunt for the narwhal, a toothed whale, and how she is torn between her respect for the bravery of the hunters, and her understanding of the people’s need for food, and her admiration and awe for the narwhals.Key questions: How does the noun ‘hunt’ alter our expectations of what we are going to read and the perspective offered within the text?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________right846700left2518800left10138800New knowledge: The Explorer’s DaughterLet’s read the extract taken from The Explorer’s Daughter:1As a small child, Herbert lived, with her family, among the Inughuit2people (sometimes called Inuits, or Eskimos) in the harsh environment 3of the Arctic. In 2002 she revisited the area, staying near Thule, a 4remote settlement in North Greenland. In this passage she writes 5about her experience of watching a hunt for the narwhal, a toothed 6whale, and what she thought and felt about it.7Two hours after the last of the hunters had returned and eaten, narwhal8were spotted again, this time very close. Within an hour even those9of us on shore could with the naked eye see the plumes of spray from 10the narwhal catching the light in a spectral play of colour. Two large pods11of narwhal circled in the fjord, often looking as if they were going to merge,12but always slowly, methodically passing each other by. Scrambling back13up to the lookout I looked across the glittering kingdom in front of me and 14took a sharp intake of breath. The hunters were dotted all around the fjord.15The evening light was turning butter-gold, glinting off man and whale and 16catching the soft billows of smoke from a lone hunter’s pipe. From where 17we sat at the lookout it looked as though the hunters were close enough to 18touch the narwhal with their bare hands and yet they never moved. 19Distances are always deceptive in the Arctic, and I fell to wondering if the 20narwhal existed at all or were instead mischievous tricks of the shifting21light.…22The narwhal rarely stray from High Arctic waters, escaping only to the23slightly more temperate waters towards the Arctic Circle in the dead of24winter, but never entering the warmer southern seas. In summer the 25hunters of Thule are fortunate to witness the annual return of the narwhal26to the Inglefield Ffjord, on the side of which we now sat.27The narwhal…is an essential contributor to the survival of the hunters in the 28high Arctic. The mattak or blubber of the whale is rich in necessary29minerals and vitamins, and in a place where the climate prohibits the growth 30of vegetables or fruit, this rich source of vitamin C was the one reason that 31the Eskimos have never suffered from scurvy….For centuries the blubber of32the whales was also the only source of light and heat, and the dark rich 33meat is still a valuable part of the diet for both man and dogs (a single 34narwhal can feed a team of dogs for an entire month). Its single ivory tusk, 35which can grow up to six feet in length, was used for harpoon tips and 36handles for other hunting implements (although the ivory was found to be 37brittle and not hugely satisfactory as a weapon), for carving protective 38tupilaks, and even as a central beam for their small ancient dwellings. 39Strangely, the tusk seems to have little use for the narwhal itself; they do 40not use the tusk to break through ice as a breathing hole, nor will they use41it to catch or attack prey, but rather the primary use seems to be to disturb 42the top of the sea bed in order to catch Arctic halibut for which they have a 43particular predilection. Often the ends of their tusks are worn down or even44broken from such usage.45The women clustered on the knoll of the lookout, binoculars pointing in every46direction, each woman focusing on her husband or family member, 47occasionally spinning round at a small gasp or jump as one of the women48saw a hunter near a narwhal. … Each wife knew her husband instinctively49and watched their progress intently; it was crucial to her that her husband50catch a narwhal – it was part of their staple diet, and some of the mattak 51and meat could be sold to other hunters who hadn’t been so lucky, bringing52in some much-needed extra income. Every hunter was on the water. It53was like watching a vast, waterborne game with the hunters spread like a 54net around the sound.55The narwhal … are intelligent creatures, their senses are keen and they 56talk to one another under the water. Their hearing is particularly developed57and they can hear the sound of a paddling kayak from a great distance. 58that … was why the hunters had to sit so very still in the water.59One hunter was almost on top of a pair of narwhal, and they were huge. He60gently picked up his harpoon and aimed – in that split second my heart62leapt for both hunter and narwhal. I urged the man on in my head; he was 63so close, and so brave to attempt what he was about to do – he was miles64from land in a flimsy kayak, and could easily be capsized and drowned. 65The hunter had no rifle, only one harpoon with two heads and one bladder.66It was a foolhardy exercise and one that could only inspire respect. And 67yet at the same time my heart also urged the narwhal to dive, to leave, to 68survive.68This dilemma stayed with me the whole time that I was in Greenland. I 69understand the harshness of life in the Arctic and the needs of the hunters70and their families to hunt and live on animals and sea mammals that we 71demand to be protected because of their beauty. And I know that one 72cannot afford to be sentimental in the Arctic. ‘How can you possibly eat73seal?’ I have been asked over and over again. True, the images that74bombarded us several years ago of men battering seals for their fur hasn’t75helped the issue of polar hunting, but the Inughuit do not kill seals using 76this method, nor do they kill for sport. They use every part of the animals77they kill, and most of the food in Thule is still brought in by the hunter-78gatherers and fishermen. Imported goods can only ever account for part79of the food supply; there is still only one annual supply ship that makes80it through the ice to Qaanaaq, and the small twice-weekly plane from West81Greenland can only carry a certain amount of goods. Hunting is still an 82absolute necessity in Thule.Pen to paper: comprehensionAs we read through the text, we are going to co-create a sub-heading for each paragraph that helps to summarise the main idea.New knowledge: what is meant by the term ‘perspective’?In this recount text, Herbert conveys her perspective on the hunting of the narwhal. A perspective is a particular way of thinking about something, especially one that is influenced by your beliefs or experiences.CollinsPen to paper: finding textual references that showcase Herbert’s perspectiveOn one hand, Herbert respects the bravery of the hunters and has an understanding of their need for food. However, on the other hand, she has complete admiration and is in awe of the beauty of the narwhals. Using the chart on the next page, find evidence from the text that supports both perspectives.Challenge: identify the key techniques Herbert has used to present her perspectiveReflectionHaving considered all of the evidence, why might Herbert feel so torn about this situation?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Respect for the bravery of the hunters and an understanding of the people’s need for food.Admiration and awe for the narwhalsLesson 2: To confidently write about the perspective offered in a textDo it now: recap questionsRecap questions:Who is Kari Herbert?______________________________________________________________________________Whilst Herbert is British, where else in the world has she lived?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________When Herbert revisits this area, what animal does she observe?______________________________________________________________________________What is the dilemma for Herbert?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What does Herbert conclude?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________New knowledge: paper 1, question 5Paper 1, Question 5 is always the same question. It never changes!Compare how the writers present their ideas and perspectives about their experiences. Support your answer with detailed examples from both texts, including brief quotations.The first section of our response will be focused on the writer’s perspective and ideas.Pen to paper: what would be a good topic sentence when considering the perspective of the text?When we write our response, we should begin each paragraph (or section) with a strong topic sentence. A topic sentence is a sentence that states the main idea for a paragraph (or section) or writing. As a group table, what would be a good topic sentence to begin our first paragraph in which we analyse the writer’s perspective?Our group’s topic sentence__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Our class topic sentence__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________New knowledge: what structure should our response take?In order for us to hit the Level 5 criteria in the exam we need to analyse Herbert’s ideas and perspectives, including how theme, language and structure is used. Therefore, when writing our response, we should use the WHAT? HOW? WHY? structure.WHAT?What is the writer’s perspective?(Clear topic sentence)HOW?How is this perspective conveyed?(Evidence)WHY?Why is this perspective important? Why does the writer feel it important to get this point across? (Inference and analysis)Pen to paper: identifying the WHAT? HOW? WHY? structure within analytical writingLook at the beginning of a paragraph about Herbert’s perspective. Can you identify the different sections? (WHAT? / HOW? / WHY?)Herbert successfully conveys her perspective and her respect for the hunters and their bravery whilst hunting when she describes their actions as a ‘foolhardy exercise’ and one that ‘inspires respect.’ The use of the adjective ‘foolhardy’ implies that the hunters attempts were both risky and dangerous. It also suggests that their behaviour was foolish but when combined with the verb ‘inspire’ we can infer that she admires the efforts they make to catch the narwhal. Finally, the use of the noun ‘respect’ conveys her appreciation for this work and her feelings towards the hunters.Pen to paper: co-constructing a written response about Herbert’s perspectiveNow we are going to construct a paragraph together. In this paragraph we are going to analyse Herbert’s perspective in terms of how she demonstrates an understanding of the need for food that the Inughuit people have. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pen to paper: writing about Herbert’s perspective – her admiration and awe for the narwhalNow it is your turn! In your exercise book, construct a paragraph in which you analyse Herbert’s perspective on the narwhal.Success criteriaWHAT?What is the writer’s perspective?(Clear topic sentence)HOW?How is this perspective conveyed?(Evidence)WHY?Why is this perspective important? Why does the writer feel it important to get this point across? (Inference and analysis)ReflectionShare your paragraph with your peer critic. When you receive someone else’s work, read through their paragraph andCheck their spelling, punctuation and grammarIdentify where they have used a strong topic sentenceHave they identified a range of relevant textual references?Have they analysed the Herbert’s methods using correct subject terminology?Have they summarised what can be inferred about Herbert’s perspective as a result?Lesson 3: To consider how the writer’s use of language helps her to convey a particular tone that supports her perspectiveDo it nowRecap questions:What conflicting perspective does Herbert have as she observes the narwhals?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What conclusion does she reach?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Why does she have this conflicting perspective?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________New knowledge: what do we mean by the ‘tone’ of a piece of writing?A writer’s tone is the expression of a writer’s attitude towards a subject. Tone is conveyed through the writer’s choice of words and writing stylePen to paper: identifying ‘tones’As a group table, identify as many different tones that a writer might adopt across a piece of writing. A couple have already been identified for you:133688793133seriousTone1418378-6688700humorousChallenge question: what tones can you see emerging from our extract from ‘The Explorer’s Daughter’?Pen to paper: how does Herbert use words and a writing style to create tone throughout her piece?When we are looking at tone, we want to consider how the tone changes or shifts across the piece of writing. In this extract, we see a shift in tone from descriptive to factual to a conflicted tone and then, at the end, to a tone that is decisive and clear.Quotation to supportHow does this support the writer’s perspective?The descriptive tone at the startThe factual tone in the middleThe conflicted toneThe decisive tone at the end.New knowledge: at the start / in the middle / towards the endWhen we construct a response to the tone of the piece and how the writer constructs tone, we should aim to consider how the tone changes or shifts across the piece. Therefore, we should use strong topic sentences that are fronted with the following:At the start of the extract, the writerIn the middle of the extract, the writerTowards the end of the extract, the writerPen to paper: writing about toneNow, as a group table, you are going to construct a response about the writer’s tone. One person is going to write about the tone at the start of the extract. One person is going to write about the tone in the middle of the extract. One person is going to write about the tone towards the end. (If you have a group of four this could be divided into two!)Success criteriaWHAT?What tone is evident at the start / in the middle / towards the end of the extract and why?(Clear topic sentence)HOW?How is this conveyed?(Evidence)WHY?Why is the creation of this tone in supporting the writer’s perspective? (Inference and analysis)ReflectionLet’s live mark your writing and see what you have come up with!Lesson 4: To analyse how the writer uses particular structural techniques to help her convey her perspective on the hunting of the narwhalsDo it nowWhat does the term ‘tone’ mean?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How does the writer’s tone shift in the extract from ‘The Explorer’s Daughter’?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How does this shift in tone help to present her viewpoint / perspective on the hunting of the narwhal?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Recapping knowledgeSo far in our exploration of ‘The Explorer’s Daughter’ we have looked at:Pre-readingReading of the textSub-heading each paragraphPerspective and ideaIs the text first person or third person?What is the writer’s agenda? Why has the writer written the text? (Look at the blurb at the top as this will front it). Are there multiple reasons for the text? (Most texts do have multiple purposes). How might the writer’s background affect their perspective on what they have written?Language and toneHow does the tone support the writer’s perspective?What is the tone at the start of the text? What is the tone in the middle? What is the tone at the end of the text? (How and why does it shift?)New knowledge2316480227965When exploring this extract, we also need to consider some of the structural features that the writer has employed. 20455488657100265514748048Contrasts00Contrasts258233410160Repetition00Repetition2590800202353Features of form00Features of form2587413172720Punctuation00Punctuation2581698630343Short sentences00Short sentences260709887842Multi-clause sentences00Multi-clause sentencesShort sentence: a sentence consisting of only one word, a phrase only or simply one subject and one verb (known as simple sentence).Multi-clause sentence: sentences that are made up of multiple clauses – independent and dependent.Punctuation: the marks, signs and symbols that are used in and around sentences to give them structure.Features of form: techniques and devices that are used that are specific to that type or style of writing.Repetition: saying the same word or phrase more than once for emphasis.Contrasts: where the writer chooses to highlight the differences between things. Let’s explore some of the conscious choices the writer has made. Our task is to consider how these choices help to reinforce her perspective.Pen to paper: short sentencesRead the following extract:3302008890Two hours after the last of the hunters had returned and eaten, narwhal were spotted again, this time very close. Within an hour even those of us on short could with the naked eye see the plumes of spray from the narwhal catching the light in a spectral play of colour. Two large pods of narwhal circled in the fjord, often looking as if they were going to merge, but always slowly, methodically passing each other by. Scrambling back up to the lookout I looked across the glittering kingdom in front of me and took a sharp intake of breath. The hunters were dotted all around the fjord. The evening light was tuning butter-gold, glinting off man and whale and catching the soft billows of smoke from a lone hunter’s pipe. Frome where we sat at the lookout it looked as though the hunters were close enough to touch the narwhal with their bare hands and yet they never moved. Distances are always deceptive in the Arctic, and I fell to wondering if the narwhal existed at all or were instead mischievous tricks of the shifting light…00Two hours after the last of the hunters had returned and eaten, narwhal were spotted again, this time very close. Within an hour even those of us on short could with the naked eye see the plumes of spray from the narwhal catching the light in a spectral play of colour. Two large pods of narwhal circled in the fjord, often looking as if they were going to merge, but always slowly, methodically passing each other by. Scrambling back up to the lookout I looked across the glittering kingdom in front of me and took a sharp intake of breath. The hunters were dotted all around the fjord. The evening light was tuning butter-gold, glinting off man and whale and catching the soft billows of smoke from a lone hunter’s pipe. Frome where we sat at the lookout it looked as though the hunters were close enough to touch the narwhal with their bare hands and yet they never moved. Distances are always deceptive in the Arctic, and I fell to wondering if the narwhal existed at all or were instead mischievous tricks of the shifting light…Key questions:This paragraph is made up of many multi-clause sentences. Why has the writer used so many?There is one short sentence in the middle. Why might the writer have crafted this?How does the use of this short sentence support the writer’s perspective?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pen to paper: punctuation – parenthesis270934252095The narwhal…is an essential contributor to the survival of the hunters in the High Arctic. The mattak or blubber of the whale is rich in necessary minerals and vitamins, and in a place where the climate prohibits the growth of vegetables or fruit, this rich source of vitamin C was the one reason that the Eskimos have never suffered from scurvy. For centuries the blubber of the whales was also the source of light and heat, and the dark rich meat is still a valuable part of the diet for both man and dogs (a single narwhal can feed a team of dogs for an entire month). Its single ivory tusk, which can grow up to six feet in length, was used for harpoon tips and handles for other hunting implements (although the ivory was found to be brittle and not hugely satisfactory as a weapon) for carving protective tupilaks, and even as a central beam for their small ancient dwellings. Strangely, the tusk seems to have little use for the narwhal itself; they do not use the tusk to break through ice as a breathing hole, nor will they use it to catch or attack prey, but rather the primary use seems to be to disturb the top of the sea bed in order to catch Arctic halibut for which they have a particular predilection. Often the ends of their tusks are worn down or even broken from such usage.00The narwhal…is an essential contributor to the survival of the hunters in the High Arctic. The mattak or blubber of the whale is rich in necessary minerals and vitamins, and in a place where the climate prohibits the growth of vegetables or fruit, this rich source of vitamin C was the one reason that the Eskimos have never suffered from scurvy. For centuries the blubber of the whales was also the source of light and heat, and the dark rich meat is still a valuable part of the diet for both man and dogs (a single narwhal can feed a team of dogs for an entire month). Its single ivory tusk, which can grow up to six feet in length, was used for harpoon tips and handles for other hunting implements (although the ivory was found to be brittle and not hugely satisfactory as a weapon) for carving protective tupilaks, and even as a central beam for their small ancient dwellings. Strangely, the tusk seems to have little use for the narwhal itself; they do not use the tusk to break through ice as a breathing hole, nor will they use it to catch or attack prey, but rather the primary use seems to be to disturb the top of the sea bed in order to catch Arctic halibut for which they have a particular predilection. Often the ends of their tusks are worn down or even broken from such usage.Read the following extract:Key questions:In this paragraph, parenthesis is used. Why is the parenthesis present?How does it support the perspective of the writer?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pen to paper: punctuation – dashes253789246803The women clustered on the knoll of the lookout, binoculars pointing in every direction, each woman focusing on her husband or family member, occasionally spinning round at a small gasp or jump as one of the women saw a hunter near a narwhal. … Each wife knew her husband instinctively and watched their progress intently; it was crucial to her that her husband catch a narwhal – it was part of their staple diet, and some of the mattak and meat could be sold to other hunters who hadn’t been so lucky, bringing in some much-needed extra income. Every hunter was on the water. It was like watching a vast, waterborne game with the hunters spread like a net around the sound.00The women clustered on the knoll of the lookout, binoculars pointing in every direction, each woman focusing on her husband or family member, occasionally spinning round at a small gasp or jump as one of the women saw a hunter near a narwhal. … Each wife knew her husband instinctively and watched their progress intently; it was crucial to her that her husband catch a narwhal – it was part of their staple diet, and some of the mattak and meat could be sold to other hunters who hadn’t been so lucky, bringing in some much-needed extra income. Every hunter was on the water. It was like watching a vast, waterborne game with the hunters spread like a net around the sound.Read the following extract:Key questions:Why has a dash been used in this paragraph?How does it support the writer’s perspective?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pen to paper: repetition168910274320The narwhal … is an essential contributor to the survival of the hunters in the High Arctic. The mattak or blubber of the whale is rich in necessary minerals and vitamins, and in a place where the climate prohibits the growth of vegetables or fruit, this rich source of vitamin C was the one reason that the Eskimos have never suffered from scurvy. … For centuries the blubber of the whales was also the only source of light and heat, and the dark rich meat is still a valuable part of the diet for both man and dogs (a single narwhal can feed a team of dogs for an entire month). Its single ivory tusk, which can grow up to six feet in length, was used for harpoon tips and handles for other hunting implements (although the ivory was found to be brittle and not hugely satisfactory as a weapon) for carving protective tupilaks, and even as a central beam for their small ancient dwellings. Strangely, the tusk seems to have little use for the narwhal itself; they do not use the tusk to break through ice as a breathing hole, nor will they use it to catch or attack prey, but rather the primary use seems to be to disturb the top of the sea bed in order to catch Arctic halibut for which they have a particular predilection. Often the ends of their tusks are worn down or even broken from such usage.00The narwhal … is an essential contributor to the survival of the hunters in the High Arctic. The mattak or blubber of the whale is rich in necessary minerals and vitamins, and in a place where the climate prohibits the growth of vegetables or fruit, this rich source of vitamin C was the one reason that the Eskimos have never suffered from scurvy. … For centuries the blubber of the whales was also the only source of light and heat, and the dark rich meat is still a valuable part of the diet for both man and dogs (a single narwhal can feed a team of dogs for an entire month). Its single ivory tusk, which can grow up to six feet in length, was used for harpoon tips and handles for other hunting implements (although the ivory was found to be brittle and not hugely satisfactory as a weapon) for carving protective tupilaks, and even as a central beam for their small ancient dwellings. Strangely, the tusk seems to have little use for the narwhal itself; they do not use the tusk to break through ice as a breathing hole, nor will they use it to catch or attack prey, but rather the primary use seems to be to disturb the top of the sea bed in order to catch Arctic halibut for which they have a particular predilection. Often the ends of their tusks are worn down or even broken from such usage.Read the following extract:Key questions:Can you find an example of repetition within this paragraph?How might the repetition used support the writer’s purpose?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ReflectionYou have now considered a range of structural features that Herbert has employed: short sentences, parenthesis, dashes and repetition. Which one do you think has been most successful in supporting her perspective on the narwhal hunting and why?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Reading assessment: How does Herbert present her ideas and perspective about her experience?Introduction:1x sentence summarising the following:The title of the extractThe author of the extractThe focus of the extractPerspectives and ideasWhat person is this extract written in?What perspective is evident?How is this perspective demonstrated?WHAT?What is Herbert’s perspective on the hunting of the narwhal?Clear topic sentence: Herbert shows her respect for the bravery of the hunters / Herbert demonstrates that she understands the need the Inughuit people have for food / Herbert reveals her admiration and awe for the narwhalHOW?How is this perspective shown?What evidence do you have?Higher grades:Short, concise quotationsQuotations from across the textWHY?Why does this evidence help Herbert to convey her perspective?Analysis and inference:Suggests / implies / infers / connotes / demonstrates etcLanguage and toneWhat is the tone at the start of the extract?What is the tone in the middle of the extract?What is the tone at the end of the extract?WHAT?What tone is created throughout the extract?Clear topic sentence:At the start of the extract, Herbert…/In the middle of the extract, / Towards the end of the extractHOW?How is this tone created?What evidence do you have?Higher grades:Short, concise quotationsQuotations from across the textWHY?Why does this evidence help to create a particular tone and why does it support Herbert’s perspective?Analysis and inference:Suggests / implies / infers / connotes / demonstrates etcStructural techniquesWhat structural features has Herbert employed across her piece and how do they help her to convey her perspective on the hunting of the narwhal?WHAT?What structural feature has Herbert employed?Clear topic sentence:Herbert uses dashes within her writing to convey… / The use of repetition in this extract helps Herbert toHOW?How are these features used?What evidence do you have?Higher grades:Short, concise quotationsQuotations from across the textWHY?Why does Herbert use this structural feature and how does it help to support her perspective?Analysis and inference:Suggests / implies / infers / connotes / demonstrates etcThe Explorer’s Daughter by Kai HerbertSummary: As a small child, Kari Herbert lived, with her family, among the Inughuit people (sometimes called Eskimos) in the harsh environment of the Arctic. In 2002 she revisited the area, staying near Thule, a remote settlement in the snowy wastes of north Greenland. In this passage she writes about her experience of watching a hunt for the narwhal, a toothed whale, and what she thought and felt about it.Perspective and ideasRespect for the bravery of the hunters A foolhardy exercise and one that can only inspire respectadj – foolhardy / verb – inspire / noun – respect / multi clause sentenceLanguage and toneAt the beginning,descriptive toneplumes of sprayverb – plumesspectral play of colouradj – spectral / noun – playSo braveadj – braveSlowlyadv – slowlyHe was miles away from land…and could easily be capsized and drownedadv – easily / verbs – capsized / drowned / clause – he was miles away from landglittering kingdomnoun phrase: adj – glittering / noun – kingdomevening lightnoun phrase: evening lightbutter-goldadj – butter goldRecognition that the narwhal is an essential part of the Inughuit dietThe narwhal is an essential contributor to the survival of the hunters in the High Arcticadj – essential / noun – survivalGlintingverb - glintingbillows of smokeadj - billowsIt was crucial to her that her husband caught a narwhaladj – crucialIn the middle,factual tonerich in necessary minerals and vitaminsadj – rich / adj – necessary / nouns – minerals / vitaminsUse every partadj – everyrich source of vitamin Cadj – rich / noun – vitamin cIt was part of their staple dietadj – stapleonly source of light adj – only / noun – lightRich in necessary minerals and vitaminsadj – rich / adj – necessary / nouns – minerals / vitaminsdark rich meat is still a valuable part of the dietadv – still / adj – valuable / noun – meat, dietRich source of vitamin cadj – rich / noun – vitamin cIvory tusk used for harpoon tipsnoun – ivory tuskValuable part of the dietadj – valuableOnly source of light and heatadj – onlyAdmiration and awe for the narwhalsThe narwhal are intelligent creatures. Their senses are keen and they talk to one another. adj – intelligent / adv – keen / clause – they talk to one anotherIn the middle, conflicted toneIn that split second my heart leapt for both hunter and narwhalnoun – heart / verb – leapt / adj – both / noun – hunter, narwhalI urged the man on in my headverb - urgedSpectral play of colour. noun phrase: adj – spectral / noun – play And yet at the same time my heart also urged the narwhalconj – yet, also / prepositional phrase – at the same timeSlowly, methodically adv – slowly, methodicallyTheir beauty noun – beautyTowards the end,Resolute toneHunting is still an absolute necessity in Thule.Adv – stillNoun phrase: adj absolute / noun necessityGlittering kingdomnoun phrase: adj – glittering / noun – kingdomHearing is particularly developed verb phrase – particularly developedSharp intake of breathadj – sharpInner conflictI understand the harshness of life in the Arctic and the needs of the hunters and their families verb – understand – context / noun – needs / noun – familiesStructurePerson1st person account with the context being significant. Herbert had lived among the Inughuit people but is from Britain. She has an understanding of both cultures and the expectations and norms within both.Whole textRecount text recalling an event that has happened in the past. Use of past tense verbs to describe actions that have already happened.My heart also urged the narwhal to dive, to leave, to survive.noun – heart / verb – urged / tricolon – to dive, to leave to survive (verbs)SentencesMulti clause sentences particularly in descriptive sections of the extract.Short sentences for impact / contrast / shock. Pgh 1 – a short sentence embedded within complex sentences for dramatic impact ‘The hunters were dotted all around the fjord.’PunctuationParenthesis provides extra information or contrasting tones. (a single narwhal can feed a team of dogs for an entire month). / (although the ivory was found to be brittle and not hugely satisfactory as a weapon)Dashes – in that split second my heart leapt for both hunter and narwhal. I urged the man on in my head, he was so close, and so brave to attempt what he was about to do.center-508000 ................
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