EDGE



ContentsCompliance TestingBill of Materials for Specified Material GroupsMaterial GroupsTubingFlow ProbesTubing ConnectorsHand Compliance ChamberPressure Monitoring and Custom ConnectorsCompliance TestingGoal: 12 Tubes were tested for static compliance and the tubing that most resembled the compliance of the artery and that of the vein will be used to model the vasculature of the arm.Aspects important to design:FlexibleAdaptable to barbed fittingsComparable compliance to human arteriesComparable compliances to human veinsCircularPreferably optically clearMaterials: 4 different samples of Tygon PVC tubing3 different samples of silicon tubing2 samples of latex2 samples of polyurethaneProcedure: Samples were cut to 30cm length, were filled completely with water and placed in the test setup shown below. (Figure 1) The pressure transducer was bled so the entire test loop was filled with water. A syringe connected to the 3-way Luer Lock was used to put a controlled increase in volume into the tube. The resulting increase in pressure was recorded. syringe3-way Leur lock valveTest PiecePressure transducerFigure 1: Test setupCompliance of a vessel is defined using the relationship as described in Equation 1 below:C= ?V?PEquation 1: Calculation of ComplianceWhere C is compliance, ?V is the change in volume in mL or mm3, and ?P is the change in mmHg. Compliance can be calculated mL/mmHg, mm3/mmHg, or by dividing by the length of the sample (30 cm) in mm2/mmHg. Finding the cross-sectional compliance, however, does not account for length change.After a literature search, (Kassab 2008, Henriken 2000, Grassi 1995), compliance of arteries and veins can be defined as below in Table 1. The veins are assumed to be 3 times the compliance of arteries (Chandran 1992).Actual CompliancemL/mmHgmm3/mmHgmm2/mmHgArtery0.001211.210.004033Vein0.00363.630.0121Table 1: Actual Compliance of Arteries and VeinsResults: After the change in pressure was recorded after a known volume change, the percentage difference of each of the tubes in relation to the actual compliance levels of arteries and veins was calculated. Table 2 below summarizes the percentage differences in the found compliances compared to actual compliances. As shown, T3, or Tygon PVC tubing type 3, is the most comparable to arteries, and T1, or Tygon PVC tubing type 1 most resembles veins. MaterialArteryVein% diff% diffT1250.74%16.91%T243.80%52.07%T31.64%66.12%T447.82%82.61%S093.58%35.47%S0-2101.04%32.99%S614.21%61.93%S744.43%81.48%S1015.68%71.89%L8286.89%28.96%L9449.88%83.29%P1123.86%74.62%P1269.57%89.86%Minimum1.64%16.91%Table 2: Percentage difference between 12 types of tubing and actual artery and vein complianceThe tubing therefore chosen for the arterial side of the physical model is T3, and for the venous side, T1. The complete analysis can be found in at: Based on the compliance testing the following tubing in Table 3 will be used. Tubing BOMPartIDODCompanyPart #Quantity1" T3 Tygon Tubing1"1-1/4"McMaster5553k516'1/2" T3 Tygon Tubing1/2"5/8"McMaster5553k183'1/4" T3 Tygon Tubing1/4"3/8"McMaster5553k1310'1/8" T3 Tygon Tubing1/8"1/4"McMaster5553k2416'1/2" T1 Tygon Tubing1/2"5/8"McMaster5894k193'1/4" T1 Tygon Tubing1/4"3/8"McMaster5894k146'1/8" T1 Tygon Tubing1/8"1/4"McMaster5894k128'Table 3: Tubing Bill of Materials (BOM)Flow ProbesBased on the specified tubing, one of the three following flow meters will be able to be adapted to any part of the physical model. Flow Meter BOMPartODID x WallPart #Company Quantity1/8" Flow Meter1/4"1/8" x 1/16"ME-PXL, 4 PXLTransonic Systems11/4" Flow Meter3/8"1/4" x 1/16"ME-PXL, 6 PXLTransonic Systems11/2" Flow Meter5/8"1/2" x 1/16"ME-PXL, 10 PXLTransonic Systems1Table 4: Flow Meter Bill of MaterialsConnectorsBased on the schematic below, Figure 2, the tubing connectors are specified in Table 5.Figure 2: Schematic of Arm Flow Loop with tube diameters and numbered connectorsConnectors BOMPartSizeCompanyPart #Quantity# in ModelBarbed Reducing Tee1" x 1" x 1/2"dripworksusaBRT11221, 13Reducing Coupler1/2" x 1/4"McMaster2974K2671 pack of 102, 12Reducing Tee1/4" x 1/4" x 1/8"McMaster5117k331 pack of 103Wye1/4"McMaster5117k971 pack of 104, 5, 6, 11Reducing Y connector1/8" x 1/8" x 1/4"Cole- ParmerEW-30726511 pack of 107Wye1/8"McMaster5117k671 pack of 108, 9Check Valve Reducer1/8" x 1/4"Ark- PlasticsAP19CV012R25NN**10Resistance Valve1"McMaster5209k49**25Table 5: Tubing Connectors Bill of Materials** does not need to be orderedHand Compliance ChamberFigure 3 below is a schematic of the hand compliance chamber. Table 6 below gives the required materials to construct the hand compliance chamber. Figure 3: Hand Compliance ChamberHand Compliance Chamber BOMPartSizeCompanyPart #Quantity# in ModelBarbed Tee1/8"McMaster5121k7311 pack of 1014Male Barbed Adapter1/8"McMaster2974k1241 pack of 1015Thru Wall Barbed adapter5/32"McMaster2974k8111 pack of 1018, 19PETG Tube1-1/2"McMaster9245k451'21PETG Sheets12" x 12" x 3/16"McMaster85815k15122, 23Sphygmomanometer-Uniquelyuniforms**124Table 6: Hand Compliance Chamber Bill of Materials** does not need to be orderedPressure Monitoring and Custom ConnectorsPressure will be monitored at each junction via a small stainless steel metal tube and leur lock stopcock assembly. Pressure Monitoring and Custom Connector BOMPartID x ODCompanyPart #QuantityLeur Stopcock Assembly-Cole- ParmerEW- 30526041 pack of 10SS Metal tubing.07" x .063"McMaster5560k231- 3' length1/4" SS Tubing.251" x .2812McMaster6100k23511/8" SS Tubing.126" x .1562"McMaster6100k1921Table 7: Pressure Monitoring and Custom Connector Bill of MaterialsAdditional items (cart, flexible adhesive, storage containers) will be purchased at Lowe’s or Home-depot. Cost estimation for the above specified parts (without shipping and not including the flow probes) is approximately $300. A complete Bill of Materials can be found on the ‘BOM’ worksheet at: ................
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